The influence of microbial metabolites on human intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro

Microbial metabolites may influence the metabolic integrity of intestinal epithelial cells and induce mucosal immune responses. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the microbial metabolites butyrate, iso-valerate, and ammonium on Caco-2 cells and macrophages. Barrier functioning was determined...

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Veröffentlicht in:FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 2005-08, Vol.45 (2), p.183-189
Hauptverfasser: van Nuenen, Marleen H.M.C., de Ligt, Rianne A.F., Doornbos, Robert P., van der Woude, Janneke C.J., Kuipers, Ernst J., Venema, Koen
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container_end_page 189
container_issue 2
container_start_page 183
container_title FEMS immunology and medical microbiology
container_volume 45
creator van Nuenen, Marleen H.M.C.
de Ligt, Rianne A.F.
Doornbos, Robert P.
van der Woude, Janneke C.J.
Kuipers, Ernst J.
Venema, Koen
description Microbial metabolites may influence the metabolic integrity of intestinal epithelial cells and induce mucosal immune responses. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the microbial metabolites butyrate, iso-valerate, and ammonium on Caco-2 cells and macrophages. Barrier functioning was determined by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance and basolateral recoveries of metabolites. The barrier function of Caco-2 cells remained intact after exposures. Basolateral recoveries ranged from 6.2% to 15.2%. Tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 were measured to determine immune reactions. The Caco-2 cells did not secrete both cytokines. Physiological concentrations of butyrate and iso-valerate stimulated the secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α and suppressed the secretion of interleukin-10 by macrophages that are not protected by an epithelial barrier. In contrast, ammonium concentrations as high as those produced by microbiotas of IBD patients suppressed the release of both cytokines when the barrier function is impaired.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.femsim.2005.03.010
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subjects Ammonium
Ammonium Chloride - metabolism
Ammonium Chloride - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Butyrates - metabolism
Butyrates - pharmacology
Caco-2 Cells
Colon
Cytokines
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - drug effects
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Immune response
Immunity, Mucosal - drug effects
In Vitro Techniques
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - etiology
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - immunology
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - microbiology
Interleukin 10
Interleukin-10 - secretion
Intestinal epithelial cells
Intestine
Intestines - drug effects
Intestines - immunology
Intestines - microbiology
Macrophages
Macrophages - drug effects
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - microbiology
Metabolites
Microbial metabolites
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Mucosal immunity
Pentanoic Acids - metabolism
Pentanoic Acids - pharmacology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - secretion
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Tumors
Tumour necrosis factor-α
U937 Cells
title The influence of microbial metabolites on human intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro
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