Workplace Violence: A Survey of Emergency Physicians in the State of Michigan
We seek to determine the amount and type of work-related violence experienced by Michigan attending emergency physicians. A mail survey of self-reported work-related violence exposure during the preceding 12 months was sent to randomly selected emergency physician members of the Michigan College of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Annals of emergency medicine 2005-08, Vol.46 (2), p.142-147 |
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| creator | Kowalenko, Terry Walters, Bradford L. Khare, Rahul K. Compton, Scott |
| description | We seek to determine the amount and type of work-related violence experienced by Michigan attending emergency physicians.
A mail survey of self-reported work-related violence exposure during the preceding 12 months was sent to randomly selected emergency physician members of the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians. Work-related violence was defined as verbal, physical, confrontation outside of the emergency department (ED), or stalking.
Of 250 surveys sent, 177 (70.8%) were returned. Six were blank (3 were from retired emergency physicians), leaving 171 (68.4%) for analysis. Verbal threats were the most common form of work-related violence, with 74.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.4% to 81.4%) of emergency physicians indicating at least 1 verbal threat in the previous 12 months. Of the emergency physicians responding, 28.1% (95% CI 21.3% to 34.8%) indicated that they were victims of a physical assault, 11.7% (95% CI 6.9% to 16.5%) indicated that they were confronted outside of the ED, and 3.5% (95% CI 0.8% to 6.3%) experienced a stalking event. Emergency physicians who were verbally threatened tended to be less experienced (11.1 versus 15.1 years in practice; mean difference −4.0 years [95% CI −6.4 to −1.6 years]), as were those who were physically assaulted (9.5 versus 13.1 years; mean difference −3.6 years [95% CI −5.9 to −1.3 years]). Urban hospital location, emergency medicine board certification, or on-site emergency medicine residency program were not significantly associated with any type of work-related violence. Female emergency physicians were more likely to have experienced physical violence (95% CI 1.4 to 5.8) but not other types of violence. Most (81.9%; 95% CI 76.1% to 87.6%) emergency physicians were occasionally fearful of workplace violence, whereas 9.4% (95% CI 5.0% to 13.7%) were frequently fearful. Forty-two percent of emergency physicians sought various forms of protection as a result of the direct or perceived violence, including obtaining a gun (18%), knife (20%), concealed weapon license (13%), mace (7%), club (4%), or a security escort (31%).
Work-related violence exposure is not uncommon in EDs. Many emergency physicians are concerned about the violence and are taking measures, including personal protection, in response to the fear. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.010 |
| format | Article |
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A mail survey of self-reported work-related violence exposure during the preceding 12 months was sent to randomly selected emergency physician members of the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians. Work-related violence was defined as verbal, physical, confrontation outside of the emergency department (ED), or stalking.
Of 250 surveys sent, 177 (70.8%) were returned. Six were blank (3 were from retired emergency physicians), leaving 171 (68.4%) for analysis. Verbal threats were the most common form of work-related violence, with 74.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.4% to 81.4%) of emergency physicians indicating at least 1 verbal threat in the previous 12 months. Of the emergency physicians responding, 28.1% (95% CI 21.3% to 34.8%) indicated that they were victims of a physical assault, 11.7% (95% CI 6.9% to 16.5%) indicated that they were confronted outside of the ED, and 3.5% (95% CI 0.8% to 6.3%) experienced a stalking event. Emergency physicians who were verbally threatened tended to be less experienced (11.1 versus 15.1 years in practice; mean difference −4.0 years [95% CI −6.4 to −1.6 years]), as were those who were physically assaulted (9.5 versus 13.1 years; mean difference −3.6 years [95% CI −5.9 to −1.3 years]). Urban hospital location, emergency medicine board certification, or on-site emergency medicine residency program were not significantly associated with any type of work-related violence. Female emergency physicians were more likely to have experienced physical violence (95% CI 1.4 to 5.8) but not other types of violence. Most (81.9%; 95% CI 76.1% to 87.6%) emergency physicians were occasionally fearful of workplace violence, whereas 9.4% (95% CI 5.0% to 13.7%) were frequently fearful. Forty-two percent of emergency physicians sought various forms of protection as a result of the direct or perceived violence, including obtaining a gun (18%), knife (20%), concealed weapon license (13%), mace (7%), club (4%), or a security escort (31%).
Work-related violence exposure is not uncommon in EDs. Many emergency physicians are concerned about the violence and are taking measures, including personal protection, in response to the fear.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0196-0644</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-6760</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.010</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16046943</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AEMED3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy ; Biological and medical sciences ; Emergency and intensive care: techniques, logistics ; Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data ; Fear ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intensive care medicine ; Intensive care unit. Emergency transport systems. Emergency, hospital ward ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Medical Staff, Hospital - psychology ; Medical Staff, Hospital - statistics & numerical data ; Michigan - epidemiology ; Miscellaneous ; Security Measures ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Violence - statistics & numerical data ; Workplace</subject><ispartof>Annals of emergency medicine, 2005-08, Vol.46 (2), p.142-147</ispartof><rights>2005 American College of Emergency Physicians</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-7cb83480bdbb346d0000f596da0eaa64c59c467eff035b5c32b2c9879caf1e2f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-7cb83480bdbb346d0000f596da0eaa64c59c467eff035b5c32b2c9879caf1e2f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196064404015045$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,776,780,785,786,3537,23909,23910,25118,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16994159$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16046943$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kowalenko, Terry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walters, Bradford L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khare, Rahul K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Compton, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>For the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians Workplace Violence Task Force</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michigan College of Emergency Physicians Workplace Violence Task Force</creatorcontrib><title>Workplace Violence: A Survey of Emergency Physicians in the State of Michigan</title><title>Annals of emergency medicine</title><addtitle>Ann Emerg Med</addtitle><description>We seek to determine the amount and type of work-related violence experienced by Michigan attending emergency physicians.
A mail survey of self-reported work-related violence exposure during the preceding 12 months was sent to randomly selected emergency physician members of the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians. Work-related violence was defined as verbal, physical, confrontation outside of the emergency department (ED), or stalking.
Of 250 surveys sent, 177 (70.8%) were returned. Six were blank (3 were from retired emergency physicians), leaving 171 (68.4%) for analysis. Verbal threats were the most common form of work-related violence, with 74.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.4% to 81.4%) of emergency physicians indicating at least 1 verbal threat in the previous 12 months. Of the emergency physicians responding, 28.1% (95% CI 21.3% to 34.8%) indicated that they were victims of a physical assault, 11.7% (95% CI 6.9% to 16.5%) indicated that they were confronted outside of the ED, and 3.5% (95% CI 0.8% to 6.3%) experienced a stalking event. Emergency physicians who were verbally threatened tended to be less experienced (11.1 versus 15.1 years in practice; mean difference −4.0 years [95% CI −6.4 to −1.6 years]), as were those who were physically assaulted (9.5 versus 13.1 years; mean difference −3.6 years [95% CI −5.9 to −1.3 years]). Urban hospital location, emergency medicine board certification, or on-site emergency medicine residency program were not significantly associated with any type of work-related violence. Female emergency physicians were more likely to have experienced physical violence (95% CI 1.4 to 5.8) but not other types of violence. Most (81.9%; 95% CI 76.1% to 87.6%) emergency physicians were occasionally fearful of workplace violence, whereas 9.4% (95% CI 5.0% to 13.7%) were frequently fearful. Forty-two percent of emergency physicians sought various forms of protection as a result of the direct or perceived violence, including obtaining a gun (18%), knife (20%), concealed weapon license (13%), mace (7%), club (4%), or a security escort (31%).
Work-related violence exposure is not uncommon in EDs. Many emergency physicians are concerned about the violence and are taking measures, including personal protection, in response to the fear.</description><subject>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Emergency and intensive care: techniques, logistics</subject><subject>Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Fear</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Intensive care medicine</subject><subject>Intensive care unit. Emergency transport systems. Emergency, hospital ward</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medical Staff, Hospital - psychology</subject><subject>Medical Staff, Hospital - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Michigan - epidemiology</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Security Measures</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Violence - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Workplace</subject><issn>0196-0644</issn><issn>1097-6760</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1P3DAQQC3UChboX0Dm0N6yHSeOE3NDK1oqgVoJ2h4tZzJmvWSTxc4i7b-vo11V3NrTSDNvPvSGsUsBcwFCfV7Nbd_TmsLTmtp5DiBTfg4CjthMgK4yVSl4x2YgtMpASXnCTmNcAYCWuThmJ0KBVFoWM3b_ewjPm84i8V9-6KhHuuLX_GEbXmnHB8dvpjUpveM_lrvo0ds-ct_zcUn8YbQjTdC9x6V_sv05e-9sF-nDIZ6xn19uHhe32d33r98W13cZlpCPWYVNXcgamrZpCqnadBi4UqvWAlmrJJYaparIOSjKpsQib3LUdaXROkG5K87Yp_3cTRhethRHs_YRqetsT8M2GlVDpXJR_RMUWta6yiGBeg9iGGIM5Mwm-LUNOyPATNLNyryRbibpUylJT70XhyXbZqr97TxYTsDHA2Aj2s4F26OPbzitpSh14hZ7jpK7V0_BRPTTS1ofCEfTDv4_zvkD9w6lQw</recordid><startdate>20050801</startdate><enddate>20050801</enddate><creator>Kowalenko, Terry</creator><creator>Walters, Bradford L.</creator><creator>Khare, Rahul K.</creator><creator>Compton, Scott</creator><general>Mosby, Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050801</creationdate><title>Workplace Violence: A Survey of Emergency Physicians in the State of Michigan</title><author>Kowalenko, Terry ; Walters, Bradford L. ; Khare, Rahul K. ; Compton, Scott</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-7cb83480bdbb346d0000f596da0eaa64c59c467eff035b5c32b2c9879caf1e2f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Emergency and intensive care: techniques, logistics</topic><topic>Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Fear</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Intensive care medicine</topic><topic>Intensive care unit. Emergency transport systems. Emergency, hospital ward</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medical Staff, Hospital - psychology</topic><topic>Medical Staff, Hospital - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Michigan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Security Measures</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Violence - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Workplace</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kowalenko, Terry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walters, Bradford L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khare, Rahul K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Compton, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>For the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians Workplace Violence Task Force</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michigan College of Emergency Physicians Workplace Violence Task Force</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Annals of emergency medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kowalenko, Terry</au><au>Walters, Bradford L.</au><au>Khare, Rahul K.</au><au>Compton, Scott</au><aucorp>For the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians Workplace Violence Task Force</aucorp><aucorp>Michigan College of Emergency Physicians Workplace Violence Task Force</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Workplace Violence: A Survey of Emergency Physicians in the State of Michigan</atitle><jtitle>Annals of emergency medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Ann Emerg Med</addtitle><date>2005-08-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>142</spage><epage>147</epage><pages>142-147</pages><issn>0196-0644</issn><eissn>1097-6760</eissn><coden>AEMED3</coden><abstract>We seek to determine the amount and type of work-related violence experienced by Michigan attending emergency physicians.
A mail survey of self-reported work-related violence exposure during the preceding 12 months was sent to randomly selected emergency physician members of the Michigan College of Emergency Physicians. Work-related violence was defined as verbal, physical, confrontation outside of the emergency department (ED), or stalking.
Of 250 surveys sent, 177 (70.8%) were returned. Six were blank (3 were from retired emergency physicians), leaving 171 (68.4%) for analysis. Verbal threats were the most common form of work-related violence, with 74.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.4% to 81.4%) of emergency physicians indicating at least 1 verbal threat in the previous 12 months. Of the emergency physicians responding, 28.1% (95% CI 21.3% to 34.8%) indicated that they were victims of a physical assault, 11.7% (95% CI 6.9% to 16.5%) indicated that they were confronted outside of the ED, and 3.5% (95% CI 0.8% to 6.3%) experienced a stalking event. Emergency physicians who were verbally threatened tended to be less experienced (11.1 versus 15.1 years in practice; mean difference −4.0 years [95% CI −6.4 to −1.6 years]), as were those who were physically assaulted (9.5 versus 13.1 years; mean difference −3.6 years [95% CI −5.9 to −1.3 years]). Urban hospital location, emergency medicine board certification, or on-site emergency medicine residency program were not significantly associated with any type of work-related violence. Female emergency physicians were more likely to have experienced physical violence (95% CI 1.4 to 5.8) but not other types of violence. Most (81.9%; 95% CI 76.1% to 87.6%) emergency physicians were occasionally fearful of workplace violence, whereas 9.4% (95% CI 5.0% to 13.7%) were frequently fearful. Forty-two percent of emergency physicians sought various forms of protection as a result of the direct or perceived violence, including obtaining a gun (18%), knife (20%), concealed weapon license (13%), mace (7%), club (4%), or a security escort (31%).
Work-related violence exposure is not uncommon in EDs. Many emergency physicians are concerned about the violence and are taking measures, including personal protection, in response to the fear.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Mosby, Inc</pub><pmid>16046943</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.010</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy Biological and medical sciences Emergency and intensive care: techniques, logistics Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data Fear Female Humans Incidence Intensive care medicine Intensive care unit. Emergency transport systems. Emergency, hospital ward Male Medical sciences Medical Staff, Hospital - psychology Medical Staff, Hospital - statistics & numerical data Michigan - epidemiology Miscellaneous Security Measures Surveys and Questionnaires Violence - statistics & numerical data Workplace |
| title | Workplace Violence: A Survey of Emergency Physicians in the State of Michigan |
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