Toll-Like Receptors and RNA Helicases: Two Parallel Ways to Trigger Antiviral Responses
The early detection by the host of invading microorganisms, including viruses, depends on a limited number of specific receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A few of these PAMPs, including ssRNA and dsRNA, are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7/8 and TLR3, r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular cell 2006-06, Vol.22 (5), p.561-569 |
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| creator | Meylan, Etienne Tschopp, Jürg |
| description | The early detection by the host of invading microorganisms, including viruses, depends on a limited number of specific receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A few of these PAMPs, including ssRNA and dsRNA, are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7/8 and TLR3, respectively. Activation of an antiviral TLR-dependent signaling cascade leads to the activation of the key transcription factors IRF and NF-κB, which promote antiviral responses through induction of specific genes. Recently, a second system has been described, which relies on the cytoplasmic recognition of dsRNA by RNA helicases such as RIG-I. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic aspects of these important arms of the host innate response to dsRNA and a few viral strategies utilized to counteract them. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.molcel.2006.05.012 |
| format | Article |
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| source | MEDLINE; Cell Press Free Archives; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Cytoplasm - metabolism DEAD Box Protein 58 DEAD-box RNA Helicases Humans Immunity, Innate Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1 Models, Biological Receptors, Immunologic RNA Helicases - metabolism RNA, Double-Stranded - metabolism RNA, Viral - metabolism Signal Transduction Toll-Like Receptor 3 - metabolism Toll-Like Receptors - metabolism Virus Replication - physiology |
| title | Toll-Like Receptors and RNA Helicases: Two Parallel Ways to Trigger Antiviral Responses |
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