Alkali Metals Plus Silica Gel: Powerful Reducing Agents and Convenient Hydrogen Sources
Alkali metals absorbed into silica gel yield three stages of unique loose black powders (M−SG) that are strong reducing agents. All react nearly quantitatively with water to form hydrogen. Liquid Na−K alloys form air-sensitive powders at room temperature that can be converted at 150 °C to a form tha...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Chemical Society 2005-07, Vol.127 (26), p.9338-9339 |
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| container_end_page | 9339 |
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| container_issue | 26 |
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| container_title | Journal of the American Chemical Society |
| container_volume | 127 |
| creator | Dye, James L Cram, Kevin D Urbin, Stephanie A Redko, Mikhail Y Jackson, James E Lefenfeld, Michael |
| description | Alkali metals absorbed into silica gel yield three stages of unique loose black powders (M−SG) that are strong reducing agents. All react nearly quantitatively with water to form hydrogen. Liquid Na−K alloys form air-sensitive powders at room temperature that can be converted at 150 °C to a form that is sensitive to moisture but not to dry air. Slowly heating sodium and silica gel to 400 °C yields a third type that can be handled in ambient air with only slow degradation by atmospheric moisture. These materials eliminate many hazards associated with pure alkali metals and provide easily handled reducing agents and hydrogen sources. They could be used in continuous-flow reactors to reduce and protonate aromatics, dechlorinate alkyl and aryl halides, and desulfurize various compounds. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/ja051786+ |
| format | Article |
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All react nearly quantitatively with water to form hydrogen. Liquid Na−K alloys form air-sensitive powders at room temperature that can be converted at 150 °C to a form that is sensitive to moisture but not to dry air. Slowly heating sodium and silica gel to 400 °C yields a third type that can be handled in ambient air with only slow degradation by atmospheric moisture. These materials eliminate many hazards associated with pure alkali metals and provide easily handled reducing agents and hydrogen sources. 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They could be used in continuous-flow reactors to reduce and protonate aromatics, dechlorinate alkyl and aryl halides, and desulfurize various compounds.</description><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Colloidal state and disperse state</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>General and physical chemistry</subject><subject>Physical and chemical studies. Granulometry. 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Electrokinetic phenomena</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dye, James L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cram, Kevin D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urbin, Stephanie A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redko, Mikhail Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, James E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefenfeld, Michael</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of the American Chemical Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dye, James L</au><au>Cram, Kevin D</au><au>Urbin, Stephanie A</au><au>Redko, Mikhail Y</au><au>Jackson, James E</au><au>Lefenfeld, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Alkali Metals Plus Silica Gel: Powerful Reducing Agents and Convenient Hydrogen Sources</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the American Chemical Society</jtitle><addtitle>J. Am. Chem. Soc</addtitle><date>2005-07-06</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>127</volume><issue>26</issue><spage>9338</spage><epage>9339</epage><pages>9338-9339</pages><issn>0002-7863</issn><eissn>1520-5126</eissn><coden>JACSAT</coden><abstract>Alkali metals absorbed into silica gel yield three stages of unique loose black powders (M−SG) that are strong reducing agents. All react nearly quantitatively with water to form hydrogen. Liquid Na−K alloys form air-sensitive powders at room temperature that can be converted at 150 °C to a form that is sensitive to moisture but not to dry air. Slowly heating sodium and silica gel to 400 °C yields a third type that can be handled in ambient air with only slow degradation by atmospheric moisture. These materials eliminate many hazards associated with pure alkali metals and provide easily handled reducing agents and hydrogen sources. 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| language | eng |
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| source | ACS Publications |
| subjects | Chemistry Colloidal state and disperse state Exact sciences and technology General and physical chemistry Physical and chemical studies. Granulometry. Electrokinetic phenomena |
| title | Alkali Metals Plus Silica Gel: Powerful Reducing Agents and Convenient Hydrogen Sources |
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