The REALAB Project: A New Method for the Formulation of Reference Intervals Based on Current Data
In a primary healthcare center concerned more with maintaining wellness than with diagnosing and monitoring illness, it is particularly important to compare patients' results with reference intervals derived from a matched population by use of defined statistical methods. Laboratory results ove...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical chemistry (Baltimore, Md.) Md.), 2005-07, Vol.51 (7), p.1232-1240 |
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| creator | Grossi, Enzo Colombo, Roberto Cavuto, Silvio Franzini, Carlo |
| description | In a primary healthcare center concerned more with maintaining wellness than with diagnosing and monitoring illness, it is particularly important to compare patients' results with reference intervals derived from a matched population by use of defined statistical methods.
Laboratory results over a 3-year period (approximately 15,000,000 records; 197,350 individuals) were retrieved from our laboratory information system. An inclusion/exclusion procedure for individual patients was applied based on (a) presence of at least 1 of 23 previously defined "basic tests"; (b) only 1 measurement per test by the laboratory over the 3-year period; (c) for each test, absence of any abnormality in the correlated tests. Before the third step, correlations among quantities were assessed by a Spearman correlation matrix, comparing each of the 23 basic tests with all remaining tests by use of a novel multivariate algorithm.
The initial sample group (n = 197,350) was reduced stepwise by the selection criteria outlined above to 166,027, then to 93,649, and finally to 61 246 individuals constituting our reference sample group. Results from the last 2 groups were used to calculate sex-specific, and in some cases age-related, reference limits for the 23 basic tests and for 13 additional quantities. Reference limits were calculated throughout this study by nonparametric estimation of percentiles.
Reference values derived by retrospective analysis of large samples of data obtained at a given institution are particularly suitable for the evaluation of results for the presenting patient population at that institution. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1373/clinchem.2005.047787 |
| format | Article |
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Laboratory results over a 3-year period (approximately 15,000,000 records; 197,350 individuals) were retrieved from our laboratory information system. An inclusion/exclusion procedure for individual patients was applied based on (a) presence of at least 1 of 23 previously defined "basic tests"; (b) only 1 measurement per test by the laboratory over the 3-year period; (c) for each test, absence of any abnormality in the correlated tests. Before the third step, correlations among quantities were assessed by a Spearman correlation matrix, comparing each of the 23 basic tests with all remaining tests by use of a novel multivariate algorithm.
The initial sample group (n = 197,350) was reduced stepwise by the selection criteria outlined above to 166,027, then to 93,649, and finally to 61 246 individuals constituting our reference sample group. Results from the last 2 groups were used to calculate sex-specific, and in some cases age-related, reference limits for the 23 basic tests and for 13 additional quantities. Reference limits were calculated throughout this study by nonparametric estimation of percentiles.
Reference values derived by retrospective analysis of large samples of data obtained at a given institution are particularly suitable for the evaluation of results for the presenting patient population at that institution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-9147</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1530-8561</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.047787</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15919879</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CLCHAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Am Assoc Clin Chem</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Algorithms ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clinical Chemistry Tests - standards ; Clinical Laboratory Information Systems ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Databases, Factual ; Expected values ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Health care ; Humans ; Infant ; Information systems ; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) ; Laboratories ; Male ; Medical Records ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Patients ; Quality control ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistical methods</subject><ispartof>Clinical chemistry (Baltimore, Md.), 2005-07, Vol.51 (7), p.1232-1240</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Association for Clinical Chemistry Jul 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-d6cf6ef4354b657a5e9c32da52ff948d5592f8a6a6c4a857c60a2c177fecf3953</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-d6cf6ef4354b657a5e9c32da52ff948d5592f8a6a6c4a857c60a2c177fecf3953</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16905483$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15919879$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Grossi, Enzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colombo, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cavuto, Silvio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franzini, Carlo</creatorcontrib><title>The REALAB Project: A New Method for the Formulation of Reference Intervals Based on Current Data</title><title>Clinical chemistry (Baltimore, Md.)</title><addtitle>Clin Chem</addtitle><description>In a primary healthcare center concerned more with maintaining wellness than with diagnosing and monitoring illness, it is particularly important to compare patients' results with reference intervals derived from a matched population by use of defined statistical methods.
Laboratory results over a 3-year period (approximately 15,000,000 records; 197,350 individuals) were retrieved from our laboratory information system. An inclusion/exclusion procedure for individual patients was applied based on (a) presence of at least 1 of 23 previously defined "basic tests"; (b) only 1 measurement per test by the laboratory over the 3-year period; (c) for each test, absence of any abnormality in the correlated tests. Before the third step, correlations among quantities were assessed by a Spearman correlation matrix, comparing each of the 23 basic tests with all remaining tests by use of a novel multivariate algorithm.
The initial sample group (n = 197,350) was reduced stepwise by the selection criteria outlined above to 166,027, then to 93,649, and finally to 61 246 individuals constituting our reference sample group. Results from the last 2 groups were used to calculate sex-specific, and in some cases age-related, reference limits for the 23 basic tests and for 13 additional quantities. Reference limits were calculated throughout this study by nonparametric estimation of percentiles.
Reference values derived by retrospective analysis of large samples of data obtained at a given institution are particularly suitable for the evaluation of results for the presenting patient population at that institution.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Ambulatory Care Facilities</subject><subject>Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Chemical Analysis</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Clinical Chemistry Tests - standards</subject><subject>Clinical Laboratory Information Systems</subject><subject>Data Interpretation, Statistical</subject><subject>Databases, Factual</subject><subject>Expected values</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Information systems</subject><subject>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical Records</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Quality control</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><issn>0009-9147</issn><issn>1530-8561</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkF1rFDEUhoModq3-A5Eg6N2syeRr4t12bbWwflDqdUgzJ84sM5M2yTj4703ZlQWvDuF9zsvJg9BrStaUKfbBDf3kOhjXNSFiTbhSjXqCVlQwUjVC0qdoRQjRlaZcnaEXKe3Lk6tGPkdnVGiqG6VXyN52gG8uN7vNBf4Rwx5c_og3-Bss-CvkLrTYh4hzga5CHOfB5j5MOHh8Ax4iTA7w9ZQh_rZDwhc2QYtLvp1jyTL-ZLN9iZ75EsKr4zxHP68ub7dfqt33z9fbza5yXOhctdJ5CZ4zwe-kUFaAdqxurai917xphdC1b6y00nHbCOUksbWjSnlwnmnBztH7Q-99DA8zpGzGPjkYBjtBmJORSkslBSng2__AfZjjVG4zNWVaU0JUgfgBcjGkFMGb-9iPNv4xlJhH_-aff_Po3xz8l7U3x-75boT2tHQUXoB3R8AmZwcf7eT6dOKkJoI37PSbrv_VLX0Ek0Y7DKWWmmVZBDXK0JrV7C_imZu8</recordid><startdate>20050701</startdate><enddate>20050701</enddate><creator>Grossi, Enzo</creator><creator>Colombo, Roberto</creator><creator>Cavuto, Silvio</creator><creator>Franzini, Carlo</creator><general>Am Assoc Clin Chem</general><general>American Association for Clinical Chemistry</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050701</creationdate><title>The REALAB Project: A New Method for the Formulation of Reference Intervals Based on Current Data</title><author>Grossi, Enzo ; Colombo, Roberto ; Cavuto, Silvio ; Franzini, Carlo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-d6cf6ef4354b657a5e9c32da52ff948d5592f8a6a6c4a857c60a2c177fecf3953</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Ambulatory Care Facilities</topic><topic>Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Chemical Analysis</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Clinical Chemistry Tests - standards</topic><topic>Clinical Laboratory Information Systems</topic><topic>Data Interpretation, Statistical</topic><topic>Databases, Factual</topic><topic>Expected values</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Laboratory results over a 3-year period (approximately 15,000,000 records; 197,350 individuals) were retrieved from our laboratory information system. An inclusion/exclusion procedure for individual patients was applied based on (a) presence of at least 1 of 23 previously defined "basic tests"; (b) only 1 measurement per test by the laboratory over the 3-year period; (c) for each test, absence of any abnormality in the correlated tests. Before the third step, correlations among quantities were assessed by a Spearman correlation matrix, comparing each of the 23 basic tests with all remaining tests by use of a novel multivariate algorithm.
The initial sample group (n = 197,350) was reduced stepwise by the selection criteria outlined above to 166,027, then to 93,649, and finally to 61 246 individuals constituting our reference sample group. Results from the last 2 groups were used to calculate sex-specific, and in some cases age-related, reference limits for the 23 basic tests and for 13 additional quantities. Reference limits were calculated throughout this study by nonparametric estimation of percentiles.
Reference values derived by retrospective analysis of large samples of data obtained at a given institution are particularly suitable for the evaluation of results for the presenting patient population at that institution.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Am Assoc Clin Chem</pub><pmid>15919879</pmid><doi>10.1373/clinchem.2005.047787</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0009-9147 |
| ispartof | Clinical chemistry (Baltimore, Md.), 2005-07, Vol.51 (7), p.1232-1240 |
| issn | 0009-9147 1530-8561 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Algorithms Ambulatory Care Facilities Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry Biological and medical sciences Blood Chemical Analysis Child Child, Preschool Clinical Chemistry Tests - standards Clinical Laboratory Information Systems Data Interpretation, Statistical Databases, Factual Expected values Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Health care Humans Infant Information systems Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Laboratories Male Medical Records Medical sciences Middle Aged Patients Quality control Reference Values Retrospective Studies Statistical methods |
| title | The REALAB Project: A New Method for the Formulation of Reference Intervals Based on Current Data |
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