The Epidemiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, Therapies, and Outcome
We sought to examine, in a large cohort of infants within a definable population of live births, the incidence, risk factors, treatments, complications, and outcomes of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Data were gathered on all of the infants in Australia and New Zealand who were intubated and me...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Pediatrics (Evanston) 2006-05, Vol.117 (5), p.1712-1721 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 1721 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 5 |
| container_start_page | 1712 |
| container_title | Pediatrics (Evanston) |
| container_volume | 117 |
| creator | Dargaville, Peter A Copnell, Beverley Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network |
| description | We sought to examine, in a large cohort of infants within a definable population of live births, the incidence, risk factors, treatments, complications, and outcomes of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).
Data were gathered on all of the infants in Australia and New Zealand who were intubated and mechanically ventilated with a primary diagnosis of MAS (MASINT) between 1995 and 2002, inclusive. Information on all of the live births during the same time period was obtained from perinatal data registries.
MASINT occurred in 1061 of 2,490,862 live births (0.43 of 1000), with a decrease in incidence from 1995 to 2002. A higher risk of MASINT was noted at advanced gestation, with 34% of cases born beyond 40 weeks, compared with 16% of infants without MAS. Fetal distress requiring obstetric intervention was noted in 51% of cases, and 42% were delivered by cesarean section. There was a striking association between low 5-minute Apgar score and MASINT. In addition, risk of MASINT was higher where maternal ethnicity was Pacific Islander or indigenous Australian and was also increased after planned home birth. Uptake of exogenous surfactant, high-frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide increased considerably during the study period, with >50% of infants receiving > or =1 of these therapies by 2002. Risk of air leak was 9.6% overall, with an apparent reduction to 5.3% in 2001-2002. The duration of intubation remained constant throughout the study period (median: 3 days), whereas duration of oxygen therapy and length of hospital stay increased. Death related to MAS occurred in 24 infants (2.5% of the MASINT cohort; 0.96 per 100,000 live births).
The incidence of MASINT in the developed world is low and seems to be decreasing. Risk of MASINT is significantly greater in the presence of fetal distress and low Apgar score, as well as Pacific Islander and indigenous Australian ethnicity. The increased use of innovative respiratory supports has not altered the duration of mechanical ventilation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1542/peds.2005-2215 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67931440</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A146122759</galeid><sourcerecordid>A146122759</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c636t-14b5efff1d6dd2343e95b14f0a0252a65b4da90cdba6a2c8115c6d5419872e653</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqF0tFr1DAcB_Aiijunrz5KERSE9ZakSdr6dhzbHJwc6HwOafJrL7NNuqRF77835Q7m5ED60NB-fr-0v3yT5C1GS8wouRxAhyVBiGWEYPYsWWBUlRklBXueLBDKcUbjy7PkVQj3CCHKCvIyOcOcM5yTapHIux2kV4PR0BvXuXafuib9CspZM_XpKgzGy9E4m37fW-1dD5_TW6sitwou0m8m_EyvpRqdDxdpbOXlYCAupdXpdhpVLHidvGhkF-DN8X6e_Li-ult_yTbbm9v1apMpnvMxw7Rm0DQN1lxrktMcKlZj2iCJCCOSs5pqWSGla8klUSXGTHHNKK7KggBn-Xny8dB38O5hgjCK3gQFXSctuCkIXlQ5phT9FxJUxKY5ifD9P_DeTd7GnxCElHlVxLlHlB1QKzsQxjZu9FK1YOMsOmehMfHxClOOSTyUKvrlCR-v-QTUyYJPTwqiGeH32MopBFHebJ7a7JRVruugBRHnvd6e_BjlXQgeGjF400u_FxiJOV9izpeY8yXmfMWCd8eRTHUP-pEfAxXBhyOQQcmu8TKmJTy6khQFKWd3eXA70-5-GQ_zTkaO3qjw1xLjQjCBC0zyPy4K5SA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>228397200</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The Epidemiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, Therapies, and Outcome</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><creator>Dargaville, Peter A ; Copnell, Beverley ; Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creator><creatorcontrib>Dargaville, Peter A ; Copnell, Beverley ; Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network ; Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network ; for the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><description>We sought to examine, in a large cohort of infants within a definable population of live births, the incidence, risk factors, treatments, complications, and outcomes of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).
Data were gathered on all of the infants in Australia and New Zealand who were intubated and mechanically ventilated with a primary diagnosis of MAS (MASINT) between 1995 and 2002, inclusive. Information on all of the live births during the same time period was obtained from perinatal data registries.
MASINT occurred in 1061 of 2,490,862 live births (0.43 of 1000), with a decrease in incidence from 1995 to 2002. A higher risk of MASINT was noted at advanced gestation, with 34% of cases born beyond 40 weeks, compared with 16% of infants without MAS. Fetal distress requiring obstetric intervention was noted in 51% of cases, and 42% were delivered by cesarean section. There was a striking association between low 5-minute Apgar score and MASINT. In addition, risk of MASINT was higher where maternal ethnicity was Pacific Islander or indigenous Australian and was also increased after planned home birth. Uptake of exogenous surfactant, high-frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide increased considerably during the study period, with >50% of infants receiving > or =1 of these therapies by 2002. Risk of air leak was 9.6% overall, with an apparent reduction to 5.3% in 2001-2002. The duration of intubation remained constant throughout the study period (median: 3 days), whereas duration of oxygen therapy and length of hospital stay increased. Death related to MAS occurred in 24 infants (2.5% of the MASINT cohort; 0.96 per 100,000 live births).
The incidence of MASINT in the developed world is low and seems to be decreasing. Risk of MASINT is significantly greater in the presence of fetal distress and low Apgar score, as well as Pacific Islander and indigenous Australian ethnicity. The increased use of innovative respiratory supports has not altered the duration of mechanical ventilation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-4005</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1098-4275</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-4275</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1542/peds.2005-2215</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16651329</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PEDIAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elk Grove Village, IL: Am Acad Pediatrics</publisher><subject>Apgar Score ; Australia - epidemiology ; Babies ; Biological and medical sciences ; Care and treatment ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Fetal Distress - complications ; General aspects ; High-Frequency Ventilation ; Home Care Services, Hospital-Based ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meconium aspiration syndrome ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - epidemiology ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - ethnology ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - mortality ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - therapy ; Medical sciences ; Medical treatment ; Miscellaneous ; New Zealand - epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Pacific Islands - ethnology ; Pediatrics ; Pneumology ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Pulmonary Surfactants - therapeutic use ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory diseases ; Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate</subject><ispartof>Pediatrics (Evanston), 2006-05, Vol.117 (5), p.1712-1721</ispartof><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2006 American Academy of Pediatrics</rights><rights>Copyright American Academy of Pediatrics May 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c636t-14b5efff1d6dd2343e95b14f0a0252a65b4da90cdba6a2c8115c6d5419872e653</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c636t-14b5efff1d6dd2343e95b14f0a0252a65b4da90cdba6a2c8115c6d5419872e653</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18277289$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16651329$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dargaville, Peter A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copnell, Beverley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><title>The Epidemiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, Therapies, and Outcome</title><title>Pediatrics (Evanston)</title><addtitle>Pediatrics</addtitle><description>We sought to examine, in a large cohort of infants within a definable population of live births, the incidence, risk factors, treatments, complications, and outcomes of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).
Data were gathered on all of the infants in Australia and New Zealand who were intubated and mechanically ventilated with a primary diagnosis of MAS (MASINT) between 1995 and 2002, inclusive. Information on all of the live births during the same time period was obtained from perinatal data registries.
MASINT occurred in 1061 of 2,490,862 live births (0.43 of 1000), with a decrease in incidence from 1995 to 2002. A higher risk of MASINT was noted at advanced gestation, with 34% of cases born beyond 40 weeks, compared with 16% of infants without MAS. Fetal distress requiring obstetric intervention was noted in 51% of cases, and 42% were delivered by cesarean section. There was a striking association between low 5-minute Apgar score and MASINT. In addition, risk of MASINT was higher where maternal ethnicity was Pacific Islander or indigenous Australian and was also increased after planned home birth. Uptake of exogenous surfactant, high-frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide increased considerably during the study period, with >50% of infants receiving > or =1 of these therapies by 2002. Risk of air leak was 9.6% overall, with an apparent reduction to 5.3% in 2001-2002. The duration of intubation remained constant throughout the study period (median: 3 days), whereas duration of oxygen therapy and length of hospital stay increased. Death related to MAS occurred in 24 infants (2.5% of the MASINT cohort; 0.96 per 100,000 live births).
The incidence of MASINT in the developed world is low and seems to be decreasing. Risk of MASINT is significantly greater in the presence of fetal distress and low Apgar score, as well as Pacific Islander and indigenous Australian ethnicity. The increased use of innovative respiratory supports has not altered the duration of mechanical ventilation.</description><subject>Apgar Score</subject><subject>Australia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Babies</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fetal Distress - complications</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>High-Frequency Ventilation</subject><subject>Home Care Services, Hospital-Based</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meconium aspiration syndrome</subject><subject>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - epidemiology</subject><subject>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - ethnology</subject><subject>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - mortality</subject><subject>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - therapy</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>New Zealand - epidemiology</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Oxygen Inhalation Therapy</subject><subject>Pacific Islands - ethnology</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Pneumology</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Pulmonary Surfactants - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Respiration, Artificial</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Survival Rate</subject><issn>0031-4005</issn><issn>1098-4275</issn><issn>1098-4275</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0tFr1DAcB_Aiijunrz5KERSE9ZakSdr6dhzbHJwc6HwOafJrL7NNuqRF77835Q7m5ED60NB-fr-0v3yT5C1GS8wouRxAhyVBiGWEYPYsWWBUlRklBXueLBDKcUbjy7PkVQj3CCHKCvIyOcOcM5yTapHIux2kV4PR0BvXuXafuib9CspZM_XpKgzGy9E4m37fW-1dD5_TW6sitwou0m8m_EyvpRqdDxdpbOXlYCAupdXpdhpVLHidvGhkF-DN8X6e_Li-ult_yTbbm9v1apMpnvMxw7Rm0DQN1lxrktMcKlZj2iCJCCOSs5pqWSGla8klUSXGTHHNKK7KggBn-Xny8dB38O5hgjCK3gQFXSctuCkIXlQ5phT9FxJUxKY5ifD9P_DeTd7GnxCElHlVxLlHlB1QKzsQxjZu9FK1YOMsOmehMfHxClOOSTyUKvrlCR-v-QTUyYJPTwqiGeH32MopBFHebJ7a7JRVruugBRHnvd6e_BjlXQgeGjF400u_FxiJOV9izpeY8yXmfMWCd8eRTHUP-pEfAxXBhyOQQcmu8TKmJTy6khQFKWd3eXA70-5-GQ_zTkaO3qjw1xLjQjCBC0zyPy4K5SA</recordid><startdate>20060501</startdate><enddate>20060501</enddate><creator>Dargaville, Peter A</creator><creator>Copnell, Beverley</creator><creator>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creator><general>Am Acad Pediatrics</general><general>American Academy of Pediatrics</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8GL</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060501</creationdate><title>The Epidemiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, Therapies, and Outcome</title><author>Dargaville, Peter A ; Copnell, Beverley ; Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c636t-14b5efff1d6dd2343e95b14f0a0252a65b4da90cdba6a2c8115c6d5419872e653</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Apgar Score</topic><topic>Australia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Babies</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fetal Distress - complications</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>High-Frequency Ventilation</topic><topic>Home Care Services, Hospital-Based</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Meconium aspiration syndrome</topic><topic>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - epidemiology</topic><topic>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - ethnology</topic><topic>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - mortality</topic><topic>Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - therapy</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>New Zealand - epidemiology</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Oxygen Inhalation Therapy</topic><topic>Pacific Islands - ethnology</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Pneumology</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Pulmonary Surfactants - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Respiration, Artificial</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Survival Rate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dargaville, Peter A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Copnell, Beverley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: High School</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pediatrics (Evanston)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dargaville, Peter A</au><au>Copnell, Beverley</au><au>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</au><aucorp>Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</aucorp><aucorp>for the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Epidemiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, Therapies, and Outcome</atitle><jtitle>Pediatrics (Evanston)</jtitle><addtitle>Pediatrics</addtitle><date>2006-05-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>117</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1712</spage><epage>1721</epage><pages>1712-1721</pages><issn>0031-4005</issn><issn>1098-4275</issn><eissn>1098-4275</eissn><coden>PEDIAU</coden><abstract>We sought to examine, in a large cohort of infants within a definable population of live births, the incidence, risk factors, treatments, complications, and outcomes of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).
Data were gathered on all of the infants in Australia and New Zealand who were intubated and mechanically ventilated with a primary diagnosis of MAS (MASINT) between 1995 and 2002, inclusive. Information on all of the live births during the same time period was obtained from perinatal data registries.
MASINT occurred in 1061 of 2,490,862 live births (0.43 of 1000), with a decrease in incidence from 1995 to 2002. A higher risk of MASINT was noted at advanced gestation, with 34% of cases born beyond 40 weeks, compared with 16% of infants without MAS. Fetal distress requiring obstetric intervention was noted in 51% of cases, and 42% were delivered by cesarean section. There was a striking association between low 5-minute Apgar score and MASINT. In addition, risk of MASINT was higher where maternal ethnicity was Pacific Islander or indigenous Australian and was also increased after planned home birth. Uptake of exogenous surfactant, high-frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide increased considerably during the study period, with >50% of infants receiving > or =1 of these therapies by 2002. Risk of air leak was 9.6% overall, with an apparent reduction to 5.3% in 2001-2002. The duration of intubation remained constant throughout the study period (median: 3 days), whereas duration of oxygen therapy and length of hospital stay increased. Death related to MAS occurred in 24 infants (2.5% of the MASINT cohort; 0.96 per 100,000 live births).
The incidence of MASINT in the developed world is low and seems to be decreasing. Risk of MASINT is significantly greater in the presence of fetal distress and low Apgar score, as well as Pacific Islander and indigenous Australian ethnicity. The increased use of innovative respiratory supports has not altered the duration of mechanical ventilation.</abstract><cop>Elk Grove Village, IL</cop><pub>Am Acad Pediatrics</pub><pmid>16651329</pmid><doi>10.1542/peds.2005-2215</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0031-4005 |
| ispartof | Pediatrics (Evanston), 2006-05, Vol.117 (5), p.1712-1721 |
| issn | 0031-4005 1098-4275 1098-4275 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67931440 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Apgar Score Australia - epidemiology Babies Biological and medical sciences Care and treatment Diagnosis Epidemiology Female Fetal Distress - complications General aspects High-Frequency Ventilation Home Care Services, Hospital-Based Humans Incidence Infant, Newborn Male Meconium aspiration syndrome Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - epidemiology Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - ethnology Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - mortality Meconium Aspiration Syndrome - therapy Medical sciences Medical treatment Miscellaneous New Zealand - epidemiology Odds Ratio Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Pacific Islands - ethnology Pediatrics Pneumology Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Pulmonary Surfactants - therapeutic use Respiration, Artificial Respiratory diseases Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases Risk Factors Survival Rate |
| title | The Epidemiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Incidence, Risk Factors, Therapies, and Outcome |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-23T16%3A14%3A15IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20Epidemiology%20of%20Meconium%20Aspiration%20Syndrome:%20Incidence,%20Risk%20Factors,%20Therapies,%20and%20Outcome&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics%20(Evanston)&rft.au=Dargaville,%20Peter%20A&rft.aucorp=Australian%20and%20New%20Zealand%20Neonatal%20Network&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1712&rft.epage=1721&rft.pages=1712-1721&rft.issn=0031-4005&rft.eissn=1098-4275&rft.coden=PEDIAU&rft_id=info:doi/10.1542/peds.2005-2215&rft_dat=%3Cgale_proqu%3EA146122759%3C/gale_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=228397200&rft_id=info:pmid/16651329&rft_galeid=A146122759&rfr_iscdi=true |