Exergy-Based Efficiency and Renewability Assessment of Biofuel Production
This study presents an efficiency and renewability analysis of the production of three biofuels: rapeseed methyl ester (RME), soybean methyl ester (SME) and corn-based ethanol (EtOH). The overall production chains have been taken into account: not only the agricultural crop production and the indu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2005-05, Vol.39 (10), p.3878-3882 |
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| creator | Dewulf, J Van Langenhove, H Van De Velde, B |
| description | This study presents an efficiency and renewability analysis of the production of three biofuels: rapeseed methyl ester (RME), soybean methyl ester (SME) and corn-based ethanol (EtOH). The overall production chains have been taken into account: not only the agricultural crop production and the industrial conversion into biofuel, but also production of the supply of agricultural resources (pesticides, fertilizers, fuel, seeding material) and industrial resources (energy and chemicals) to transform the crops into biofuel. Simultaneously, byproducts of the agricultural and industrial processes have been taken into account when resources have to be allocated to the biofuels. The technical analysis via the second law of thermodynamics revealed that corn-based EtOH results in the highest production rate with an exergetic fuel content of 68.8 GJ ha-1 yr-1, whereas the RME and SME results were limited to 47.5 and 16.4 GJ ha-1 yr-1. The allocated nonrenewable resource input to deliver these biofuels is significant: 16.5, 15.4, and 5.6 MJ ha-1 yr-1. This means that these biofuels, generally considered as renewable resources, embed a nonrenewable fraction of one-quarter for EtOH and even one-third for RME and SME. This type of analysis provides scientifically sound quantitative information that is necessary with respect to the sustainability analysis of so-called renewable energy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es048721b |
| format | Article |
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The overall production chains have been taken into account: not only the agricultural crop production and the industrial conversion into biofuel, but also production of the supply of agricultural resources (pesticides, fertilizers, fuel, seeding material) and industrial resources (energy and chemicals) to transform the crops into biofuel. Simultaneously, byproducts of the agricultural and industrial processes have been taken into account when resources have to be allocated to the biofuels. The technical analysis via the second law of thermodynamics revealed that corn-based EtOH results in the highest production rate with an exergetic fuel content of 68.8 GJ ha-1 yr-1, whereas the RME and SME results were limited to 47.5 and 16.4 GJ ha-1 yr-1. The allocated nonrenewable resource input to deliver these biofuels is significant: 16.5, 15.4, and 5.6 MJ ha-1 yr-1. This means that these biofuels, generally considered as renewable resources, embed a nonrenewable fraction of one-quarter for EtOH and even one-third for RME and SME. This type of analysis provides scientifically sound quantitative information that is necessary with respect to the sustainability analysis of so-called renewable energy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es048721b</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15952399</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Alcohols: methanol, ethanol, etc ; Alternative fuels. Production and utilization ; Applied sciences ; Biodiesel fuels ; Biofuels ; Biomass ; Brassica rapa - chemistry ; Brassica rapa - metabolism ; Comparative analysis ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Energy ; Energy efficiency ; Energy-Generating Resources ; Esters - chemistry ; Esters - metabolism ; Ethanol - analysis ; Ethanol - metabolism ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fuels ; Glycine max - chemistry ; Glycine max - metabolism ; Natural energy ; Zea mays - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2005-05, Vol.39 (10), p.3878-3882</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society May 15, 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a507t-b7e58f1e6ecd671644e8c99311438900e318026fad4a3cc6a901ea4a7bbb4ff33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a507t-b7e58f1e6ecd671644e8c99311438900e318026fad4a3cc6a901ea4a7bbb4ff33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es048721b$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es048721b$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2751,27055,27903,27904,56716,56766</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16797778$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15952399$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dewulf, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Langenhove, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van De Velde, B</creatorcontrib><title>Exergy-Based Efficiency and Renewability Assessment of Biofuel Production</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>This study presents an efficiency and renewability analysis of the production of three biofuels: rapeseed methyl ester (RME), soybean methyl ester (SME) and corn-based ethanol (EtOH). The overall production chains have been taken into account: not only the agricultural crop production and the industrial conversion into biofuel, but also production of the supply of agricultural resources (pesticides, fertilizers, fuel, seeding material) and industrial resources (energy and chemicals) to transform the crops into biofuel. Simultaneously, byproducts of the agricultural and industrial processes have been taken into account when resources have to be allocated to the biofuels. The technical analysis via the second law of thermodynamics revealed that corn-based EtOH results in the highest production rate with an exergetic fuel content of 68.8 GJ ha-1 yr-1, whereas the RME and SME results were limited to 47.5 and 16.4 GJ ha-1 yr-1. The allocated nonrenewable resource input to deliver these biofuels is significant: 16.5, 15.4, and 5.6 MJ ha-1 yr-1. This means that these biofuels, generally considered as renewable resources, embed a nonrenewable fraction of one-quarter for EtOH and even one-third for RME and SME. This type of analysis provides scientifically sound quantitative information that is necessary with respect to the sustainability analysis of so-called renewable energy.</description><subject>Alcohols: methanol, ethanol, etc</subject><subject>Alternative fuels. Production and utilization</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Brassica rapa - chemistry</subject><subject>Brassica rapa - metabolism</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Conservation of Natural Resources</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy efficiency</subject><subject>Energy-Generating Resources</subject><subject>Esters - chemistry</subject><subject>Esters - metabolism</subject><subject>Ethanol - analysis</subject><subject>Ethanol - metabolism</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fuels</subject><subject>Glycine max - chemistry</subject><subject>Glycine max - metabolism</subject><subject>Natural energy</subject><subject>Zea mays - metabolism</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U9rFDEYBvAgil2rB7-ADIKCh9G8k__Htqy2pWrRFb2FTOaNpM7O1GQGu9_elF26oIceQg758ZDnfQl5DvQt0AbeYaZcqwbaB2QBoqG10AIekgWlwGrD5I8D8iTnK0ppw6h-TA5AGNEwYxbkbHmD6eemPnYZu2oZQvQRB7-p3NBVX3DAP66NfZw21VHOmPMah6kaQ3UcxzBjX12msZv9FMfhKXkUXJ_x2e4-JN_eL1cnp_XF5w9nJ0cXtRNUTXWrUOgAKNF3UoHkHLU3hgFwpg2lyEDTRgbXcce8l85QQMedatuWh8DYIXm9zb1O4-8Z82TXMXvsezfgOGcrlWkk4-JeCApYOfp-yBVnIGmBL_-BV-OchtLWlsGC4NSogt5skU9jzgmDvU5x7dLGArW367J36yr2xS5wbtfY7eVuPwW82gGXvetDcoOPee9KWaXUbYV662Ke8Obu3aVfZR5MCbu6_Go_rU7Pv59raT_uc53P-xL_f_AvrD62SQ</recordid><startdate>20050515</startdate><enddate>20050515</enddate><creator>Dewulf, J</creator><creator>Van Langenhove, H</creator><creator>Van De Velde, B</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050515</creationdate><title>Exergy-Based Efficiency and Renewability Assessment of Biofuel Production</title><author>Dewulf, J ; Van Langenhove, H ; Van De Velde, B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a507t-b7e58f1e6ecd671644e8c99311438900e318026fad4a3cc6a901ea4a7bbb4ff33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Alcohols: methanol, ethanol, etc</topic><topic>Alternative fuels. Production and utilization</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biodiesel fuels</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Brassica rapa - chemistry</topic><topic>Brassica rapa - metabolism</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Conservation of Natural Resources</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy efficiency</topic><topic>Energy-Generating Resources</topic><topic>Esters - chemistry</topic><topic>Esters - metabolism</topic><topic>Ethanol - analysis</topic><topic>Ethanol - metabolism</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Fuels</topic><topic>Glycine max - chemistry</topic><topic>Glycine max - metabolism</topic><topic>Natural energy</topic><topic>Zea mays - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dewulf, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Langenhove, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van De Velde, B</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dewulf, J</au><au>Van Langenhove, H</au><au>Van De Velde, B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exergy-Based Efficiency and Renewability Assessment of Biofuel Production</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2005-05-15</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>3878</spage><epage>3882</epage><pages>3878-3882</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>This study presents an efficiency and renewability analysis of the production of three biofuels: rapeseed methyl ester (RME), soybean methyl ester (SME) and corn-based ethanol (EtOH). The overall production chains have been taken into account: not only the agricultural crop production and the industrial conversion into biofuel, but also production of the supply of agricultural resources (pesticides, fertilizers, fuel, seeding material) and industrial resources (energy and chemicals) to transform the crops into biofuel. Simultaneously, byproducts of the agricultural and industrial processes have been taken into account when resources have to be allocated to the biofuels. The technical analysis via the second law of thermodynamics revealed that corn-based EtOH results in the highest production rate with an exergetic fuel content of 68.8 GJ ha-1 yr-1, whereas the RME and SME results were limited to 47.5 and 16.4 GJ ha-1 yr-1. The allocated nonrenewable resource input to deliver these biofuels is significant: 16.5, 15.4, and 5.6 MJ ha-1 yr-1. This means that these biofuels, generally considered as renewable resources, embed a nonrenewable fraction of one-quarter for EtOH and even one-third for RME and SME. This type of analysis provides scientifically sound quantitative information that is necessary with respect to the sustainability analysis of so-called renewable energy.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>15952399</pmid><doi>10.1021/es048721b</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Alcohols: methanol, ethanol, etc Alternative fuels. Production and utilization Applied sciences Biodiesel fuels Biofuels Biomass Brassica rapa - chemistry Brassica rapa - metabolism Comparative analysis Conservation of Natural Resources Energy Energy efficiency Energy-Generating Resources Esters - chemistry Esters - metabolism Ethanol - analysis Ethanol - metabolism Exact sciences and technology Fuels Glycine max - chemistry Glycine max - metabolism Natural energy Zea mays - metabolism |
| title | Exergy-Based Efficiency and Renewability Assessment of Biofuel Production |
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