Influence of ultrasound operating parameters on ultrasound-induced thrombolysis in vitro

The effect of operating parameters on the thrombolytic potency of ultrasound (US) is important for potential therapeutic applications, but is not fully understood. Fresh human whole-blood thrombi were exposed in vitro to focused US from a diagnostic transducer driven by an impulse generator via an a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ultrasound in medicine & biology 2005-06, Vol.31 (6), p.841-847
Hauptverfasser: Schäfer, Simon, Kliner, Stefan, Klinghammer, Lutz, Kaarmann, Hans, Lucic, Ivan, Nixdorff, Uwe, Rosenschein, Uri, Daniel, Werner G., Flachskampf, Frank A.
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container_end_page 847
container_issue 6
container_start_page 841
container_title Ultrasound in medicine & biology
container_volume 31
creator Schäfer, Simon
Kliner, Stefan
Klinghammer, Lutz
Kaarmann, Hans
Lucic, Ivan
Nixdorff, Uwe
Rosenschein, Uri
Daniel, Werner G.
Flachskampf, Frank A.
description The effect of operating parameters on the thrombolytic potency of ultrasound (US) is important for potential therapeutic applications, but is not fully understood. Fresh human whole-blood thrombi were exposed in vitro to focused US from a diagnostic transducer driven by an impulse generator via an amplifier to vary duration (10 to 60 min), intensity (7 to 90 W/cm 2), frequency (2 to 4.5 MHz), pulsed wave duty cycle (1:5 to 1:100 and continuous wave mode) and pulse length (100 to 400 μs). Segments of thrombi (498 ± 73 mg) were submersed and insonated in saline solution. Thrombolytic efficiency was expressed as percentage loss of mass compared with controls (noninsonified thrombi). Ultrasound exposure achieved a significantly higher thrombolysis than no US, 56 ± 16 % vs. 29 ± 11 % ( n = 232, p < 10 −6). There was an exponential saturation-type correlation with duration of insonation (r 2 = 0.64) and intensity (r 2 = 0.97), an inverse correlation with US frequency at matched intensities (r 2 = 0.76, p < 10 −5), a logarithmic relationship with duty cycle in pulsed mode (r 2 = 0.86) and a modest direct effect of pulse length (r 2 = 0.57, p < 10 −5). Thus, thrombolytic efficiency of US depends directly on duration, intensity, duty cycle and pulse length and inversely, on frequency. (E-mail: frank.flachskampf@rzmail.uni-erlangen.de)
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2005.03.005
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Fresh human whole-blood thrombi were exposed in vitro to focused US from a diagnostic transducer driven by an impulse generator via an amplifier to vary duration (10 to 60 min), intensity (7 to 90 W/cm 2), frequency (2 to 4.5 MHz), pulsed wave duty cycle (1:5 to 1:100 and continuous wave mode) and pulse length (100 to 400 μs). Segments of thrombi (498 ± 73 mg) were submersed and insonated in saline solution. Thrombolytic efficiency was expressed as percentage loss of mass compared with controls (noninsonified thrombi). Ultrasound exposure achieved a significantly higher thrombolysis than no US, 56 ± 16 % vs. 29 ± 11 % ( n = 232, p &lt; 10 −6). There was an exponential saturation-type correlation with duration of insonation (r 2 = 0.64) and intensity (r 2 = 0.97), an inverse correlation with US frequency at matched intensities (r 2 = 0.76, p &lt; 10 −5), a logarithmic relationship with duty cycle in pulsed mode (r 2 = 0.86) and a modest direct effect of pulse length (r 2 = 0.57, p &lt; 10 −5). Thus, thrombolytic efficiency of US depends directly on duration, intensity, duty cycle and pulse length and inversely, on frequency. 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subjects Case-Control Studies
Cavitation
Humans
Operating parameters
Thrombolytic Therapy - methods
Thrombosis - therapy
Ultrasonic Therapy - methods
Ultrasonography, Interventional
Ultrasound thrombolysis
title Influence of ultrasound operating parameters on ultrasound-induced thrombolysis in vitro
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