Analysis of horse race videos to identify intra-race risk factors for fatal distal limb fracture
The objective of this study was to identify risk factors, during racing, associated with imminent fatal distal limb fracture in Thoroughbreds. One hundred and nine cases of fatal distal limb fracture were identified from all 59 UK racecourses over a 2-year period (February 1999–January 2001). Three...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Preventive veterinary medicine 2006-04, Vol.74 (1), p.44-55 |
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| creator | Parkin, T.D.H. Clegg, P.D. French, N.P. Proudman, C.J. Riggs, C.M. Singer, E.R. Webbon, P.M. Morgan, K.L. |
| description | The objective of this study was to identify risk factors, during racing, associated with imminent fatal distal limb fracture in Thoroughbreds. One hundred and nine cases of fatal distal limb fracture were identified from all 59 UK racecourses over a 2-year period (February 1999–January 2001). Three uninjured control horses were randomly selected from the same race as the case horse. Videos of races in which fractures occurred were viewed using a defined protocol. Fractures in flat races occurred at any time during the race, whereas 74% (45/61) of cases in national hunt type races occurred in the second half of races. More than 75% (79/103) of cases were spontaneous, i.e. there was no obvious external influence such as a fall at a fence or collision with another horse. Sixty-six percent (44/67) of horses, sustaining a forelimb fracture, fractured the forelimb they were using as lead leg at the time of fracture. When case and control horses were compared, horses that were: (a) making good progress through the race, (b) reluctant to start and (c) received encouragement in the final 10
s before the time of fracture, were more likely to sustain a fracture. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.01.006 |
| format | Article |
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s before the time of fracture, were more likely to sustain a fracture.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-5877</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-1716</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.01.006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16513194</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>analytical methods ; animal handling ; animal injuries ; Animals ; Athletic Injuries - epidemiology ; Athletic Injuries - etiology ; Athletic Injuries - mortality ; Athletic Injuries - veterinary ; bone fractures ; Case-Control Studies ; diagnostic techniques ; disease course ; Distal limb ; Female ; Forelimb ; forelimbs ; Fractures ; Fractures, Bone - epidemiology ; Fractures, Bone - etiology ; Fractures, Bone - mortality ; Fractures, Bone - veterinary ; Fractures, Spontaneous - epidemiology ; Fractures, Spontaneous - etiology ; Fractures, Spontaneous - mortality ; Fractures, Spontaneous - veterinary ; Hindlimb ; Horses - injuries ; longitudinal studies ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; musculoskeletal system ; Odds Ratio ; physical activity ; Physical Conditioning, Animal - adverse effects ; Race videos ; racehorses ; Racing ; regression analysis ; Risk Factors ; Running - injuries ; Thoroughbred ; tibia ; Time Factors ; velocity ; video cameras ; Video Recording - methods</subject><ispartof>Preventive veterinary medicine, 2006-04, Vol.74 (1), p.44-55</ispartof><rights>2006 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-be0b1894e9e96f754bcf7312db757428989111e59750e05d8f611d4f182a2e263</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-be0b1894e9e96f754bcf7312db757428989111e59750e05d8f611d4f182a2e263</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587706000183$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16513194$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Parkin, T.D.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clegg, P.D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>French, N.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Proudman, C.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riggs, C.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singer, E.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webbon, P.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgan, K.L.</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of horse race videos to identify intra-race risk factors for fatal distal limb fracture</title><title>Preventive veterinary medicine</title><addtitle>Prev Vet Med</addtitle><description>The objective of this study was to identify risk factors, during racing, associated with imminent fatal distal limb fracture in Thoroughbreds. One hundred and nine cases of fatal distal limb fracture were identified from all 59 UK racecourses over a 2-year period (February 1999–January 2001). Three uninjured control horses were randomly selected from the same race as the case horse. Videos of races in which fractures occurred were viewed using a defined protocol. Fractures in flat races occurred at any time during the race, whereas 74% (45/61) of cases in national hunt type races occurred in the second half of races. More than 75% (79/103) of cases were spontaneous, i.e. there was no obvious external influence such as a fall at a fence or collision with another horse. Sixty-six percent (44/67) of horses, sustaining a forelimb fracture, fractured the forelimb they were using as lead leg at the time of fracture. When case and control horses were compared, horses that were: (a) making good progress through the race, (b) reluctant to start and (c) received encouragement in the final 10
s before the time of fracture, were more likely to sustain a fracture.</description><subject>analytical methods</subject><subject>animal handling</subject><subject>animal injuries</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - etiology</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - mortality</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - veterinary</subject><subject>bone fractures</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>diagnostic techniques</subject><subject>disease course</subject><subject>Distal limb</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Forelimb</subject><subject>forelimbs</subject><subject>Fractures</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - epidemiology</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - etiology</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - mortality</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - veterinary</subject><subject>Fractures, Spontaneous - epidemiology</subject><subject>Fractures, Spontaneous - etiology</subject><subject>Fractures, Spontaneous - mortality</subject><subject>Fractures, Spontaneous - veterinary</subject><subject>Hindlimb</subject><subject>Horses - injuries</subject><subject>longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>physical activity</subject><subject>Physical Conditioning, Animal - adverse effects</subject><subject>Race videos</subject><subject>racehorses</subject><subject>Racing</subject><subject>regression analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Running - injuries</subject><subject>Thoroughbred</subject><subject>tibia</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>velocity</subject><subject>video cameras</subject><subject>Video Recording - methods</subject><issn>0167-5877</issn><issn>1873-1716</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1vEzEQhi1ERUPhL1CfuO3i2V1_HaMKWqRKHGjPxusdg8NmHWwnUv49Dol65fSONM9rjx5CboG1wEB82rS7hAcsW5zajjHRMmhrvCIrULJvQIJ4TVaVlA1XUl6TtzlvWCWE4m_INQgOPehhRX6sFzsfc8g0evorpow0WYf0ECaMmZZI67CU4I80LCXZ5t82hfybeutKLVAfU52LnekU8inmsB2pr2DZJ3xHrrydM76_5A15_vL56e6hefx2__Vu_di4gevSjMhGUHpAjVp4yYfRedlDN42Sy6FTWmkAQK4lZ8j4pLwAmAYPqrMddqK_IR_P7-5S_LPHXMw2ZIfzbBeM-2yEVFzoQVdQnkGXYs4JvdmlsLXpaICZk1yzMS9yzUmuYWBq1OaHyxf78bR76V1sVuD2DHgbjf1ZLZnn7x2DntXbB95BJdZnAquKQ8Bksgu4OJxCQlfMFMN_z_gLm6aYyQ</recordid><startdate>20060417</startdate><enddate>20060417</enddate><creator>Parkin, T.D.H.</creator><creator>Clegg, P.D.</creator><creator>French, N.P.</creator><creator>Proudman, C.J.</creator><creator>Riggs, C.M.</creator><creator>Singer, E.R.</creator><creator>Webbon, P.M.</creator><creator>Morgan, K.L.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060417</creationdate><title>Analysis of horse race videos to identify intra-race risk factors for fatal distal limb fracture</title><author>Parkin, T.D.H. ; Clegg, P.D. ; French, N.P. ; Proudman, C.J. ; Riggs, C.M. ; Singer, E.R. ; Webbon, P.M. ; Morgan, K.L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-be0b1894e9e96f754bcf7312db757428989111e59750e05d8f611d4f182a2e263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>analytical methods</topic><topic>animal handling</topic><topic>animal injuries</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - etiology</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - mortality</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - veterinary</topic><topic>bone fractures</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>diagnostic techniques</topic><topic>disease course</topic><topic>Distal limb</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Forelimb</topic><topic>forelimbs</topic><topic>Fractures</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - epidemiology</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - etiology</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - mortality</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - veterinary</topic><topic>Fractures, Spontaneous - epidemiology</topic><topic>Fractures, Spontaneous - etiology</topic><topic>Fractures, Spontaneous - mortality</topic><topic>Fractures, Spontaneous - veterinary</topic><topic>Hindlimb</topic><topic>Horses - injuries</topic><topic>longitudinal studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>musculoskeletal system</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>physical activity</topic><topic>Physical Conditioning, Animal - adverse effects</topic><topic>Race videos</topic><topic>racehorses</topic><topic>Racing</topic><topic>regression analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Running - injuries</topic><topic>Thoroughbred</topic><topic>tibia</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>velocity</topic><topic>video cameras</topic><topic>Video Recording - methods</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Parkin, T.D.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clegg, P.D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>French, N.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Proudman, C.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riggs, C.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singer, E.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webbon, P.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgan, K.L.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Preventive veterinary medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Parkin, T.D.H.</au><au>Clegg, P.D.</au><au>French, N.P.</au><au>Proudman, C.J.</au><au>Riggs, C.M.</au><au>Singer, E.R.</au><au>Webbon, P.M.</au><au>Morgan, K.L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of horse race videos to identify intra-race risk factors for fatal distal limb fracture</atitle><jtitle>Preventive veterinary medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Prev Vet Med</addtitle><date>2006-04-17</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>44</spage><epage>55</epage><pages>44-55</pages><issn>0167-5877</issn><eissn>1873-1716</eissn><abstract>The objective of this study was to identify risk factors, during racing, associated with imminent fatal distal limb fracture in Thoroughbreds. One hundred and nine cases of fatal distal limb fracture were identified from all 59 UK racecourses over a 2-year period (February 1999–January 2001). Three uninjured control horses were randomly selected from the same race as the case horse. Videos of races in which fractures occurred were viewed using a defined protocol. Fractures in flat races occurred at any time during the race, whereas 74% (45/61) of cases in national hunt type races occurred in the second half of races. More than 75% (79/103) of cases were spontaneous, i.e. there was no obvious external influence such as a fall at a fence or collision with another horse. Sixty-six percent (44/67) of horses, sustaining a forelimb fracture, fractured the forelimb they were using as lead leg at the time of fracture. When case and control horses were compared, horses that were: (a) making good progress through the race, (b) reluctant to start and (c) received encouragement in the final 10
s before the time of fracture, were more likely to sustain a fracture.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>16513194</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.01.006</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Preventive veterinary medicine, 2006-04, Vol.74 (1), p.44-55 |
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| subjects | analytical methods animal handling animal injuries Animals Athletic Injuries - epidemiology Athletic Injuries - etiology Athletic Injuries - mortality Athletic Injuries - veterinary bone fractures Case-Control Studies diagnostic techniques disease course Distal limb Female Forelimb forelimbs Fractures Fractures, Bone - epidemiology Fractures, Bone - etiology Fractures, Bone - mortality Fractures, Bone - veterinary Fractures, Spontaneous - epidemiology Fractures, Spontaneous - etiology Fractures, Spontaneous - mortality Fractures, Spontaneous - veterinary Hindlimb Horses - injuries longitudinal studies Male Multivariate Analysis musculoskeletal system Odds Ratio physical activity Physical Conditioning, Animal - adverse effects Race videos racehorses Racing regression analysis Risk Factors Running - injuries Thoroughbred tibia Time Factors velocity video cameras Video Recording - methods |
| title | Analysis of horse race videos to identify intra-race risk factors for fatal distal limb fracture |
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