Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation
The objective of this study was to compare the immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers inoculated with a killed whole N. caninum tachyzoite preparation during the second trimester of gestation. Nine Holstein heifers were used in this study; three naturally infec...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Veterinary parasitology 2005-06, Vol.130 (1), p.29-39 |
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| creator | Moore, D.P. Leunda, M.R. Zamorano, P.I. Odeón, A.C. Romera, S.A. Cano, A. de Yaniz, G. Venturini, M.C. Campero, C.M. |
| description | The objective of this study was to compare the immune response to
Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers inoculated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation during the second trimester of gestation. Nine Holstein heifers were used in this study; three naturally infected heifers were born from seropositive dams, and six seronegative heifers were born from seronegative dams. Four seronegative heifers were subcutaneously vaccinated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation at weeks 13, 15 and 17 of gestation. A killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation containing 45
mg of protein/5
ml dose was formulated with 70% of mineral oil adjuvant (13% consisting of Arlacel C, 85% Marcol 52 and 2% Tween-80). Similarly, two seronegative heifers (negative controls) were inoculated with mock-infected bovine monocytes in oil adjuvant. Humoral immune responses were tested by using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting isotype specific antibodies. Cellular immune responses were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) and IFN-γ production.
N. caninum-specific antibody responses increased in immunized cattle by week 15 of gestation (mean reciprocal antibody titers 450
±
252), peaked at week 23 (mean 16,000
±
6400). Maximum antibody response in naturally infected heifers was observed at week 19 of gestation (mean: 3467
±
2810). Mean serum IFAT titers were significantly higher in immunized heifers compared with those in naturally infected heifers from weeks 17 to 25 (
P
<
0.05). Analysis of isotype specific antibodies in naturally infected heifers revealed a predominant IgG1 response in one heifer and a predominant IgG2 response in the other two. Similar titers of IgG1 and IgG2 occurred in immunized heifers. Control heifers remained seronegative throughout the study by IFAT and ELISA. Significant antigen-specific proliferation responses were only detected in naturally infected heifers in week 19 of gestation. Peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) from immunized animals produced IFN-γ in similar concentrations to those of infected animals (
P
>
0.05). No abortion was seen in any experimental group; however, one calf from a vaccinated heifer died due to dystocia. All calves from vaccinated and control heifers were seronegative by IFAT at 6 months of age; in contrast, calves born from naturally infected heifers remained seropositive with titers |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.010 |
| format | Article |
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Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers inoculated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation during the second trimester of gestation. Nine Holstein heifers were used in this study; three naturally infected heifers were born from seropositive dams, and six seronegative heifers were born from seronegative dams. Four seronegative heifers were subcutaneously vaccinated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation at weeks 13, 15 and 17 of gestation. A killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation containing 45
mg of protein/5
ml dose was formulated with 70% of mineral oil adjuvant (13% consisting of Arlacel C, 85% Marcol 52 and 2% Tween-80). Similarly, two seronegative heifers (negative controls) were inoculated with mock-infected bovine monocytes in oil adjuvant. Humoral immune responses were tested by using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting isotype specific antibodies. Cellular immune responses were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) and IFN-γ production.
N. caninum-specific antibody responses increased in immunized cattle by week 15 of gestation (mean reciprocal antibody titers 450
±
252), peaked at week 23 (mean 16,000
±
6400). Maximum antibody response in naturally infected heifers was observed at week 19 of gestation (mean: 3467
±
2810). Mean serum IFAT titers were significantly higher in immunized heifers compared with those in naturally infected heifers from weeks 17 to 25 (
P
<
0.05). Analysis of isotype specific antibodies in naturally infected heifers revealed a predominant IgG1 response in one heifer and a predominant IgG2 response in the other two. Similar titers of IgG1 and IgG2 occurred in immunized heifers. Control heifers remained seronegative throughout the study by IFAT and ELISA. Significant antigen-specific proliferation responses were only detected in naturally infected heifers in week 19 of gestation. Peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) from immunized animals produced IFN-γ in similar concentrations to those of infected animals (
P
>
0.05). No abortion was seen in any experimental group; however, one calf from a vaccinated heifer died due to dystocia. All calves from vaccinated and control heifers were seronegative by IFAT at 6 months of age; in contrast, calves born from naturally infected heifers remained seropositive with titers ≥200. Killed vaccine induced similar immune responses to those found in chronically, naturally infected cattle which did not abort; however, different immune pathways may be followed in vaccinated and natural infected heifers with differences in degree of protective immunity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-4017</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.010</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15893067</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antibodies, Protozoan - blood ; antibody detection ; antibody formation ; antigens ; Bovine ; calves ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases - immunology ; Cattle Diseases - parasitology ; Cattle Diseases - prevention & control ; Cattle Diseases - transmission ; Cell Proliferation ; Coccidiosis - immunology ; Coccidiosis - parasitology ; Coccidiosis - prevention & control ; Coccidiosis - veterinary ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary ; Immunoglobulin Isotypes - immunology ; Immunology ; inactivated vaccines ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - veterinary ; Interferon-gamma - immunology ; interferons ; lymphocyte proliferation ; Male ; Neospora - immunology ; Neospora caninum ; neosporosis ; pregnancy ; Protozoan Vaccines - immunology ; Protozoan Vaccines - therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; seroprevalence ; T-Lymphocytes - cytology ; T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; tachyzoites ; vaccination ; Vaccination - veterinary ; Vaccine</subject><ispartof>Veterinary parasitology, 2005-06, Vol.130 (1), p.29-39</ispartof><rights>2005 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-b749f8be9dacdd197c69dcabb734d4a65802cf5facae6d568e66b851172bdc9e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-b749f8be9dacdd197c69dcabb734d4a65802cf5facae6d568e66b851172bdc9e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.010$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3552,27931,27932,46002</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15893067$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Moore, D.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leunda, M.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamorano, P.I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odeón, A.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romera, S.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cano, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Yaniz, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Venturini, M.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campero, C.M.</creatorcontrib><title>Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation</title><title>Veterinary parasitology</title><addtitle>Vet Parasitol</addtitle><description>The objective of this study was to compare the immune response to
Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers inoculated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation during the second trimester of gestation. Nine Holstein heifers were used in this study; three naturally infected heifers were born from seropositive dams, and six seronegative heifers were born from seronegative dams. Four seronegative heifers were subcutaneously vaccinated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation at weeks 13, 15 and 17 of gestation. A killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation containing 45
mg of protein/5
ml dose was formulated with 70% of mineral oil adjuvant (13% consisting of Arlacel C, 85% Marcol 52 and 2% Tween-80). Similarly, two seronegative heifers (negative controls) were inoculated with mock-infected bovine monocytes in oil adjuvant. Humoral immune responses were tested by using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting isotype specific antibodies. Cellular immune responses were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) and IFN-γ production.
N. caninum-specific antibody responses increased in immunized cattle by week 15 of gestation (mean reciprocal antibody titers 450
±
252), peaked at week 23 (mean 16,000
±
6400). Maximum antibody response in naturally infected heifers was observed at week 19 of gestation (mean: 3467
±
2810). Mean serum IFAT titers were significantly higher in immunized heifers compared with those in naturally infected heifers from weeks 17 to 25 (
P
<
0.05). Analysis of isotype specific antibodies in naturally infected heifers revealed a predominant IgG1 response in one heifer and a predominant IgG2 response in the other two. Similar titers of IgG1 and IgG2 occurred in immunized heifers. Control heifers remained seronegative throughout the study by IFAT and ELISA. Significant antigen-specific proliferation responses were only detected in naturally infected heifers in week 19 of gestation. Peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) from immunized animals produced IFN-γ in similar concentrations to those of infected animals (
P
>
0.05). No abortion was seen in any experimental group; however, one calf from a vaccinated heifer died due to dystocia. All calves from vaccinated and control heifers were seronegative by IFAT at 6 months of age; in contrast, calves born from naturally infected heifers remained seropositive with titers ≥200. Killed vaccine induced similar immune responses to those found in chronically, naturally infected cattle which did not abort; however, different immune pathways may be followed in vaccinated and natural infected heifers with differences in degree of protective immunity.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Newborn</subject><subject>Antibodies, Protozoan - blood</subject><subject>antibody detection</subject><subject>antibody formation</subject><subject>antigens</subject><subject>Bovine</subject><subject>calves</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - prevention & control</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - transmission</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - immunology</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - parasitology</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - prevention & control</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin Isotypes - immunology</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>inactivated vaccines</subject><subject>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control</subject><subject>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - veterinary</subject><subject>Interferon-gamma - immunology</subject><subject>interferons</subject><subject>lymphocyte proliferation</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Neospora - immunology</subject><subject>Neospora caninum</subject><subject>neosporosis</subject><subject>pregnancy</subject><subject>Protozoan Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Protozoan Vaccines - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>seroprevalence</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes - cytology</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>tachyzoites</subject><subject>vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccination - veterinary</subject><subject>Vaccine</subject><issn>0304-4017</issn><issn>1873-2550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkcGOFCEQhonRuOPqGxjl5G3aoqGb7ouJ2ay6yUYPumdCQ_UMk24YgR6zr-LTytqT7E1P_AXfXwX8hLxmUDFg7ftDdcJ81LGqAZoKeAUMnpAN6yTf1k0DT8kGOIitACYvyIuUDgAgoJXPyQVrup4XuSG_b-Z58UgjpmPwCWkO9CuGUkRNjfbOLzN1nnqdl6in6b4UI5qMlu7RjRgT1f5Rn7QxrrDl-JfL-wJrk93p74b22e3QU7tE53c075EmNKG4c3QzpoyRhpHuitLZBf-SPBv1lPDVeb0kd5-uf1x92d5--3xz9fF2awRr8naQoh-7AXurjbWsl6btrdHDILmwQrdNB7UZm1Ebja1t2g7bdugaxmQ9WNMjvyTv1r7HGH4uZbqaXTI4TdpjWJJqZcelqOV_QSZb3jABBRQraGJIKeKojuWFOt4rBuohPHVQa3jqITwFXJXwiu3Nuf8yzGgfTee0CvB2BUYdlN5Fl9Td9xoYL26ouegL8WElsHzYyWFUyTj0Bq2LJTVlg_v3Hf4AKb67Vw</recordid><startdate>20050610</startdate><enddate>20050610</enddate><creator>Moore, D.P.</creator><creator>Leunda, M.R.</creator><creator>Zamorano, P.I.</creator><creator>Odeón, A.C.</creator><creator>Romera, S.A.</creator><creator>Cano, A.</creator><creator>de Yaniz, G.</creator><creator>Venturini, M.C.</creator><creator>Campero, C.M.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050610</creationdate><title>Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation</title><author>Moore, D.P. ; Leunda, M.R. ; Zamorano, P.I. ; Odeón, A.C. ; Romera, S.A. ; Cano, A. ; de Yaniz, G. ; Venturini, M.C. ; Campero, C.M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-b749f8be9dacdd197c69dcabb734d4a65802cf5facae6d568e66b851172bdc9e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Newborn</topic><topic>Antibodies, Protozoan - blood</topic><topic>antibody detection</topic><topic>antibody formation</topic><topic>antigens</topic><topic>Bovine</topic><topic>calves</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - prevention & control</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - transmission</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation</topic><topic>Coccidiosis - immunology</topic><topic>Coccidiosis - parasitology</topic><topic>Coccidiosis - prevention & control</topic><topic>Coccidiosis - veterinary</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin Isotypes - immunology</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>inactivated vaccines</topic><topic>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control</topic><topic>Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - veterinary</topic><topic>Interferon-gamma - immunology</topic><topic>interferons</topic><topic>lymphocyte proliferation</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Neospora - immunology</topic><topic>Neospora caninum</topic><topic>neosporosis</topic><topic>pregnancy</topic><topic>Protozoan Vaccines - immunology</topic><topic>Protozoan Vaccines - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>seroprevalence</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes - cytology</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>tachyzoites</topic><topic>vaccination</topic><topic>Vaccination - veterinary</topic><topic>Vaccine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Moore, D.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leunda, M.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamorano, P.I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odeón, A.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romera, S.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cano, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Yaniz, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Venturini, M.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campero, C.M.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Veterinary parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Moore, D.P.</au><au>Leunda, M.R.</au><au>Zamorano, P.I.</au><au>Odeón, A.C.</au><au>Romera, S.A.</au><au>Cano, A.</au><au>de Yaniz, G.</au><au>Venturini, M.C.</au><au>Campero, C.M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Parasitol</addtitle><date>2005-06-10</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>130</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>29</spage><epage>39</epage><pages>29-39</pages><issn>0304-4017</issn><eissn>1873-2550</eissn><abstract>The objective of this study was to compare the immune response to
Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers inoculated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation during the second trimester of gestation. Nine Holstein heifers were used in this study; three naturally infected heifers were born from seropositive dams, and six seronegative heifers were born from seronegative dams. Four seronegative heifers were subcutaneously vaccinated with a killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation at weeks 13, 15 and 17 of gestation. A killed whole
N. caninum tachyzoite preparation containing 45
mg of protein/5
ml dose was formulated with 70% of mineral oil adjuvant (13% consisting of Arlacel C, 85% Marcol 52 and 2% Tween-80). Similarly, two seronegative heifers (negative controls) were inoculated with mock-infected bovine monocytes in oil adjuvant. Humoral immune responses were tested by using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting isotype specific antibodies. Cellular immune responses were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) and IFN-γ production.
N. caninum-specific antibody responses increased in immunized cattle by week 15 of gestation (mean reciprocal antibody titers 450
±
252), peaked at week 23 (mean 16,000
±
6400). Maximum antibody response in naturally infected heifers was observed at week 19 of gestation (mean: 3467
±
2810). Mean serum IFAT titers were significantly higher in immunized heifers compared with those in naturally infected heifers from weeks 17 to 25 (
P
<
0.05). Analysis of isotype specific antibodies in naturally infected heifers revealed a predominant IgG1 response in one heifer and a predominant IgG2 response in the other two. Similar titers of IgG1 and IgG2 occurred in immunized heifers. Control heifers remained seronegative throughout the study by IFAT and ELISA. Significant antigen-specific proliferation responses were only detected in naturally infected heifers in week 19 of gestation. Peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) from immunized animals produced IFN-γ in similar concentrations to those of infected animals (
P
>
0.05). No abortion was seen in any experimental group; however, one calf from a vaccinated heifer died due to dystocia. All calves from vaccinated and control heifers were seronegative by IFAT at 6 months of age; in contrast, calves born from naturally infected heifers remained seropositive with titers ≥200. Killed vaccine induced similar immune responses to those found in chronically, naturally infected cattle which did not abort; however, different immune pathways may be followed in vaccinated and natural infected heifers with differences in degree of protective immunity.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>15893067</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.010</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0304-4017 |
| ispartof | Veterinary parasitology, 2005-06, Vol.130 (1), p.29-39 |
| issn | 0304-4017 1873-2550 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67837427 |
| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Animals Animals, Newborn Antibodies, Protozoan - blood antibody detection antibody formation antigens Bovine calves Cattle Cattle Diseases - immunology Cattle Diseases - parasitology Cattle Diseases - prevention & control Cattle Diseases - transmission Cell Proliferation Coccidiosis - immunology Coccidiosis - parasitology Coccidiosis - prevention & control Coccidiosis - veterinary Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary Female Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary Immunoglobulin Isotypes - immunology Immunology inactivated vaccines Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - veterinary Interferon-gamma - immunology interferons lymphocyte proliferation Male Neospora - immunology Neospora caninum neosporosis pregnancy Protozoan Vaccines - immunology Protozoan Vaccines - therapeutic use Random Allocation seroprevalence T-Lymphocytes - cytology T-Lymphocytes - immunology tachyzoites vaccination Vaccination - veterinary Vaccine |
| title | Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation |
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