Readdressing the Issue of Thermally Significant Blood Vessels Using a Countercurrent Vessel Network
A physiologically realistic arterio-venous countercurrent vessel network model consisting of ten branching vessel generations, where the diameter of each generation of vessels is smaller than the previous ones, has been created and used to determine the thermal significance of different vessel gener...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of biomechanical engineering 2006-04, Vol.128 (2), p.210-216 |
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description | A physiologically realistic arterio-venous countercurrent vessel network model consisting of ten branching vessel generations, where the diameter of each generation of vessels is smaller than the previous ones, has been created and used to determine the thermal significance of different vessel generations by investigating their ability to exchange thermal energy with the tissue. The temperature distribution in the 3D network (8178 vessels; diameters from 10 to 1000μm) is obtained by solving the conduction equation in the tissue and the convective energy equation with a specified Nusselt number in the vessels. The sensitivity of the exchange of energy between the vessels and the tissue to changes in the network parameters is studied for two cases; a high temperature thermal therapy case when tissue is heated by a uniformly distributed source term and the network cools the tissue, and a hypothermia related case, when tissue is cooled from the surface and the blood heats the tissue. Results show that first, the relative roles of vessels of different diameters are strongly determined by the inlet temperatures to those vessels (e.g., as affected by changing mass flow rates), and the surrounding tissue temperature, but not by their diameter. Second, changes in the following do not significantly affect the heat transfer rates between tissue and vessels; (a) the ratio of arterial to venous vessel diameter, (b) the diameter reduction coefficient (the ratio of diameters of successive vessel generations), and (c) the Nusselt number. Third, both arteries and veins play significant roles in the exchange of energy between tissue and vessels, with arteries playing a more significant role. These results suggest that the determination of which diameter vessels are thermally important should be performed on a case-by-case, problem dependent basis. And, that in the development of site-specific vessel network models, reasonable predictions of the relative roles of different vessel diameters can be obtained by using any physiologically realistic values of Nusselt number and the diameter reduction coefficient. |
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The temperature distribution in the 3D network (8178 vessels; diameters from 10 to 1000μm) is obtained by solving the conduction equation in the tissue and the convective energy equation with a specified Nusselt number in the vessels. The sensitivity of the exchange of energy between the vessels and the tissue to changes in the network parameters is studied for two cases; a high temperature thermal therapy case when tissue is heated by a uniformly distributed source term and the network cools the tissue, and a hypothermia related case, when tissue is cooled from the surface and the blood heats the tissue. Results show that first, the relative roles of vessels of different diameters are strongly determined by the inlet temperatures to those vessels (e.g., as affected by changing mass flow rates), and the surrounding tissue temperature, but not by their diameter. Second, changes in the following do not significantly affect the heat transfer rates between tissue and vessels; (a) the ratio of arterial to venous vessel diameter, (b) the diameter reduction coefficient (the ratio of diameters of successive vessel generations), and (c) the Nusselt number. Third, both arteries and veins play significant roles in the exchange of energy between tissue and vessels, with arteries playing a more significant role. These results suggest that the determination of which diameter vessels are thermally important should be performed on a case-by-case, problem dependent basis. And, that in the development of site-specific vessel network models, reasonable predictions of the relative roles of different vessel diameters can be obtained by using any physiologically realistic values of Nusselt number and the diameter reduction coefficient.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0148-0731</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1528-8951</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1115/1.2165693</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16524332</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: ASME</publisher><subject>Animals ; Arteries - physiology ; Blood Flow Velocity - physiology ; Body Temperature Regulation - physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Connective Tissue - blood supply ; Connective Tissue - physiology ; Energy Transfer - physiology ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Thermal Conductivity ; Vasomotor System - physiology ; Veins - physiology</subject><ispartof>Journal of biomechanical engineering, 2006-04, Vol.128 (2), p.210-216</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a396t-b031abd774140c76cc6564b9f436c9d6fc0a33ce2c94eb3b8de37b36066a07e13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a396t-b031abd774140c76cc6564b9f436c9d6fc0a33ce2c94eb3b8de37b36066a07e13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,38520</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16524332$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shrivastava, Devashish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roemer, Robert B</creatorcontrib><title>Readdressing the Issue of Thermally Significant Blood Vessels Using a Countercurrent Vessel Network</title><title>Journal of biomechanical engineering</title><addtitle>J Biomech Eng</addtitle><addtitle>J Biomech Eng</addtitle><description>A physiologically realistic arterio-venous countercurrent vessel network model consisting of ten branching vessel generations, where the diameter of each generation of vessels is smaller than the previous ones, has been created and used to determine the thermal significance of different vessel generations by investigating their ability to exchange thermal energy with the tissue. The temperature distribution in the 3D network (8178 vessels; diameters from 10 to 1000μm) is obtained by solving the conduction equation in the tissue and the convective energy equation with a specified Nusselt number in the vessels. The sensitivity of the exchange of energy between the vessels and the tissue to changes in the network parameters is studied for two cases; a high temperature thermal therapy case when tissue is heated by a uniformly distributed source term and the network cools the tissue, and a hypothermia related case, when tissue is cooled from the surface and the blood heats the tissue. Results show that first, the relative roles of vessels of different diameters are strongly determined by the inlet temperatures to those vessels (e.g., as affected by changing mass flow rates), and the surrounding tissue temperature, but not by their diameter. Second, changes in the following do not significantly affect the heat transfer rates between tissue and vessels; (a) the ratio of arterial to venous vessel diameter, (b) the diameter reduction coefficient (the ratio of diameters of successive vessel generations), and (c) the Nusselt number. Third, both arteries and veins play significant roles in the exchange of energy between tissue and vessels, with arteries playing a more significant role. These results suggest that the determination of which diameter vessels are thermally important should be performed on a case-by-case, problem dependent basis. And, that in the development of site-specific vessel network models, reasonable predictions of the relative roles of different vessel diameters can be obtained by using any physiologically realistic values of Nusselt number and the diameter reduction coefficient.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arteries - physiology</subject><subject>Blood Flow Velocity - physiology</subject><subject>Body Temperature Regulation - physiology</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Connective Tissue - blood supply</subject><subject>Connective Tissue - physiology</subject><subject>Energy Transfer - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Models, Cardiovascular</subject><subject>Thermal Conductivity</subject><subject>Vasomotor System - physiology</subject><subject>Veins - physiology</subject><issn>0148-0731</issn><issn>1528-8951</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U1P3DAQBmCrKirLwqHnSpVPlTiEejKOHR_bFV8SAqlduFqOM4HQJAY7EeLfN7ArcdzTHOaZkWZexr6COAGA4iec5KAKZfATW0CRl1lpCvjMFgJkmQmNsM8OUnoUAqCU4gvbn3UuEfMF83_I1XWklNrhno8PxC9TmoiHhq8fKPau61753_Z-aJvWu2Hkv7sQan43D1CX-O37mOOrMA0jRT_FSDPatPk1jS8h_jtke43rEh1t65Ldnp2uVxfZ1c355erXVebQqDGrBIKraq0lSOG18n6-SVamkai8qVXjhUP0lHsjqcKqrAl1hUoo5YQmwCX7sdn7FMPzRGm0fZs8dZ0bKEzJKq1RoNE7YW4EqLKQu6E2Wki5G4KRSkNezvB4A30MKUVq7FNsexdfLQj7FqYFuw1ztt-3S6eqp_pDbtObwbcNcKkn-ximOMz_taiKshD4H3-uogo</recordid><startdate>20060401</startdate><enddate>20060401</enddate><creator>Shrivastava, Devashish</creator><creator>Roemer, Robert B</creator><general>ASME</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060401</creationdate><title>Readdressing the Issue of Thermally Significant Blood Vessels Using a Countercurrent Vessel Network</title><author>Shrivastava, Devashish ; Roemer, Robert B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a396t-b031abd774140c76cc6564b9f436c9d6fc0a33ce2c94eb3b8de37b36066a07e13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Arteries - physiology</topic><topic>Blood Flow Velocity - physiology</topic><topic>Body Temperature Regulation - physiology</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Connective Tissue - blood supply</topic><topic>Connective Tissue - physiology</topic><topic>Energy Transfer - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Models, Cardiovascular</topic><topic>Thermal Conductivity</topic><topic>Vasomotor System - physiology</topic><topic>Veins - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shrivastava, Devashish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roemer, Robert B</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of biomechanical engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shrivastava, Devashish</au><au>Roemer, Robert B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Readdressing the Issue of Thermally Significant Blood Vessels Using a Countercurrent Vessel Network</atitle><jtitle>Journal of biomechanical engineering</jtitle><stitle>J Biomech Eng</stitle><addtitle>J Biomech Eng</addtitle><date>2006-04-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>128</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>210</spage><epage>216</epage><pages>210-216</pages><issn>0148-0731</issn><eissn>1528-8951</eissn><abstract>A physiologically realistic arterio-venous countercurrent vessel network model consisting of ten branching vessel generations, where the diameter of each generation of vessels is smaller than the previous ones, has been created and used to determine the thermal significance of different vessel generations by investigating their ability to exchange thermal energy with the tissue. The temperature distribution in the 3D network (8178 vessels; diameters from 10 to 1000μm) is obtained by solving the conduction equation in the tissue and the convective energy equation with a specified Nusselt number in the vessels. The sensitivity of the exchange of energy between the vessels and the tissue to changes in the network parameters is studied for two cases; a high temperature thermal therapy case when tissue is heated by a uniformly distributed source term and the network cools the tissue, and a hypothermia related case, when tissue is cooled from the surface and the blood heats the tissue. Results show that first, the relative roles of vessels of different diameters are strongly determined by the inlet temperatures to those vessels (e.g., as affected by changing mass flow rates), and the surrounding tissue temperature, but not by their diameter. Second, changes in the following do not significantly affect the heat transfer rates between tissue and vessels; (a) the ratio of arterial to venous vessel diameter, (b) the diameter reduction coefficient (the ratio of diameters of successive vessel generations), and (c) the Nusselt number. Third, both arteries and veins play significant roles in the exchange of energy between tissue and vessels, with arteries playing a more significant role. These results suggest that the determination of which diameter vessels are thermally important should be performed on a case-by-case, problem dependent basis. And, that in the development of site-specific vessel network models, reasonable predictions of the relative roles of different vessel diameters can be obtained by using any physiologically realistic values of Nusselt number and the diameter reduction coefficient.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>ASME</pub><pmid>16524332</pmid><doi>10.1115/1.2165693</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | MEDLINE; ASME_美国机械工程师学会现刊 |
subjects | Animals Arteries - physiology Blood Flow Velocity - physiology Body Temperature Regulation - physiology Computer Simulation Connective Tissue - blood supply Connective Tissue - physiology Energy Transfer - physiology Humans Models, Cardiovascular Thermal Conductivity Vasomotor System - physiology Veins - physiology |
title | Readdressing the Issue of Thermally Significant Blood Vessels Using a Countercurrent Vessel Network |
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