Tuning clathrate hydrates for hydrogen storage
The storage of large quantities of hydrogen at safe pressures is a key factor in establishing a hydrogen-based economy. Previous strategies-where hydrogen has been bound chemically, adsorbed in materials with permanent void space or stored in hybrid materials that combine these elements-have problem...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature 2005-04, Vol.434 (7034), p.743-746 |
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| creator | Lee, Huen Ripmeester, John A Lee, Jong-won Kim, Do Youn Park, Jeasung Seo, Yu-Taek Zeng, Huang Moudrakovski, Igor L Ratcliffe, Christopher I |
| description | The storage of large quantities of hydrogen at safe pressures is a key factor in establishing a hydrogen-based economy. Previous strategies-where hydrogen has been bound chemically, adsorbed in materials with permanent void space or stored in hybrid materials that combine these elements-have problems arising from either technical considerations or materials cost. A recently reported clathrate hydrate of hydrogen exhibiting two different-sized cages does seem to meet the necessary storage requirements; however, the extreme pressures (∼ 2 kbar) required to produce the material make it impractical. The synthesis pressure can be decreased by filling the larger cavity with tetrahydrofuran (THF) to stabilize the material, but the potential storage capacity of the material is compromised with this approach. Here we report that hydrogen storage capacities in THF-containing binary-clathrate hydrates can be increased to ∼4 wt% at modest pressures by tuning their composition to allow the hydrogen guests to enter both the larger and the smaller cages, while retaining low-pressure stability. The tuning mechanism is quite general and convenient, using water-soluble hydrate promoters and various small gaseous guests. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/nature03457 |
| format | Article |
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Previous strategies-where hydrogen has been bound chemically, adsorbed in materials with permanent void space or stored in hybrid materials that combine these elements-have problems arising from either technical considerations or materials cost. A recently reported clathrate hydrate of hydrogen exhibiting two different-sized cages does seem to meet the necessary storage requirements; however, the extreme pressures (∼ 2 kbar) required to produce the material make it impractical. The synthesis pressure can be decreased by filling the larger cavity with tetrahydrofuran (THF) to stabilize the material, but the potential storage capacity of the material is compromised with this approach. Here we report that hydrogen storage capacities in THF-containing binary-clathrate hydrates can be increased to ∼4 wt% at modest pressures by tuning their composition to allow the hydrogen guests to enter both the larger and the smaller cages, while retaining low-pressure stability. The tuning mechanism is quite general and convenient, using water-soluble hydrate promoters and various small gaseous guests.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/nature03457</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15815624</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NATUAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing</publisher><subject>Chemistry ; Exact sciences and technology ; General and physical chemistry ; Hydrates ; Hydrogen ; Organic chemicals ; Pressure ; Solid-gas interface ; Solvents ; Storage ; Storage capacity ; Storage requirements ; Surface physical chemistry ; Void space</subject><ispartof>Nature, 2005-04, Vol.434 (7034), p.743-746</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Macmillan Journals Ltd. 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Previous strategies-where hydrogen has been bound chemically, adsorbed in materials with permanent void space or stored in hybrid materials that combine these elements-have problems arising from either technical considerations or materials cost. A recently reported clathrate hydrate of hydrogen exhibiting two different-sized cages does seem to meet the necessary storage requirements; however, the extreme pressures (∼ 2 kbar) required to produce the material make it impractical. The synthesis pressure can be decreased by filling the larger cavity with tetrahydrofuran (THF) to stabilize the material, but the potential storage capacity of the material is compromised with this approach. Here we report that hydrogen storage capacities in THF-containing binary-clathrate hydrates can be increased to ∼4 wt% at modest pressures by tuning their composition to allow the hydrogen guests to enter both the larger and the smaller cages, while retaining low-pressure stability. 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Previous strategies-where hydrogen has been bound chemically, adsorbed in materials with permanent void space or stored in hybrid materials that combine these elements-have problems arising from either technical considerations or materials cost. A recently reported clathrate hydrate of hydrogen exhibiting two different-sized cages does seem to meet the necessary storage requirements; however, the extreme pressures (∼ 2 kbar) required to produce the material make it impractical. The synthesis pressure can be decreased by filling the larger cavity with tetrahydrofuran (THF) to stabilize the material, but the potential storage capacity of the material is compromised with this approach. Here we report that hydrogen storage capacities in THF-containing binary-clathrate hydrates can be increased to ∼4 wt% at modest pressures by tuning their composition to allow the hydrogen guests to enter both the larger and the smaller cages, while retaining low-pressure stability. The tuning mechanism is quite general and convenient, using water-soluble hydrate promoters and various small gaseous guests.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing</pub><pmid>15815624</pmid><doi>10.1038/nature03457</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Chemistry Exact sciences and technology General and physical chemistry Hydrates Hydrogen Organic chemicals Pressure Solid-gas interface Solvents Storage Storage capacity Storage requirements Surface physical chemistry Void space |
| title | Tuning clathrate hydrates for hydrogen storage |
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