Comparison between Hippocampus-Synthesized and Circulation-Derived Sex Steroids in the Hippocampus
Estradiol (E2) and other sex steroids play essential roles in the modulation of synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus. To clarify the mechanisms for these events, it is important to determine the respective role of circulating vs. locally produced sex steroids in the male hippoc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Endocrinology (Philadelphia) 2009-11, Vol.150 (11), p.5106-5112 |
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| creator | Hojo, Yasushi Higo, Shimpei Ishii, Hirotaka Ooishi, Yuuki Mukai, Hideo Murakami, Gen Kominami, Toshihiro Kimoto, Tetsuya Honma, Seijiro Poirier, Donald Kawato, Suguru |
| description | Estradiol (E2) and other sex steroids play essential roles in the modulation of synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus. To clarify the mechanisms for these events, it is important to determine the respective role of circulating vs. locally produced sex steroids in the male hippocampus. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in combination with novel derivatization was employed to determine the concentration of sex steroids in adult male rat hippocampus. The hippocampal levels of 17β-E2, testosterone (T), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were 8.4, 16.9, and 6.6 nm, respectively, and these levels were significantly higher than circulating levels. The hippocampal estrone (E1) level was, in contrast, very low around 0.015 nm. After castration to deplete circulating high level T, hippocampal levels of T and DHT decreased considerably to 18 and 3%, respectively, whereas E2 level only slightly decreased to 83%. The strong reduction in hippocampal DHT resulting from castration implies that circulating T may be a main origin of DHT. In combination with results obtained from metabolism analysis of [3H]steroids, we suggest that male hippocampal E2 synthesis pathway may be androstenedione → T → E2 or dehydroepiandrosterone → androstenediol → T → E2 but not androstenedione → E1 → E2.
Improved mass-spectrometric analysis revealed that hippocampal estradiol is mainly synthesized from hippocampus-derived testosterone, and not significantly from circulating testosterone. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1210/en.2009-0305 |
| format | Article |
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Improved mass-spectrometric analysis revealed that hippocampal estradiol is mainly synthesized from hippocampus-derived testosterone, and not significantly from circulating testosterone.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-7227</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7170</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-0305</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19589866</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Endocrine Society</publisher><subject>17β-Estradiol ; Androstenediol ; Androstenedione ; Animals ; Castration ; Circulation ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Estrone ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones - analysis ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones - metabolism ; Hippocampal plasticity ; Hippocampus ; Hippocampus - chemistry ; Hippocampus - metabolism ; Liquid chromatography ; Male ; Males ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Neuromodulation ; Neuroprotection ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sex ; Sex hormones ; Steroid hormones ; Steroids ; Synaptic plasticity ; Testosterone</subject><ispartof>Endocrinology (Philadelphia), 2009-11, Vol.150 (11), p.5106-5112</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2004 by the Endocrine Society 2009</rights><rights>Copyright © 2004 by the Endocrine Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-753a1e86a4e8e5d1c57102b83afeef4eda90b225e35423b384ec7a5f2c6c36943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-753a1e86a4e8e5d1c57102b83afeef4eda90b225e35423b384ec7a5f2c6c36943</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589866$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hojo, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higo, Shimpei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ishii, Hirotaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ooishi, Yuuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mukai, Hideo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murakami, Gen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kominami, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kimoto, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Honma, Seijiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poirier, Donald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawato, Suguru</creatorcontrib><title>Comparison between Hippocampus-Synthesized and Circulation-Derived Sex Steroids in the Hippocampus</title><title>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</title><addtitle>Endocrinology</addtitle><description>Estradiol (E2) and other sex steroids play essential roles in the modulation of synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus. To clarify the mechanisms for these events, it is important to determine the respective role of circulating vs. locally produced sex steroids in the male hippocampus. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in combination with novel derivatization was employed to determine the concentration of sex steroids in adult male rat hippocampus. The hippocampal levels of 17β-E2, testosterone (T), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were 8.4, 16.9, and 6.6 nm, respectively, and these levels were significantly higher than circulating levels. The hippocampal estrone (E1) level was, in contrast, very low around 0.015 nm. After castration to deplete circulating high level T, hippocampal levels of T and DHT decreased considerably to 18 and 3%, respectively, whereas E2 level only slightly decreased to 83%. The strong reduction in hippocampal DHT resulting from castration implies that circulating T may be a main origin of DHT. In combination with results obtained from metabolism analysis of [3H]steroids, we suggest that male hippocampal E2 synthesis pathway may be androstenedione → T → E2 or dehydroepiandrosterone → androstenediol → T → E2 but not androstenedione → E1 → E2.
Improved mass-spectrometric analysis revealed that hippocampal estradiol is mainly synthesized from hippocampus-derived testosterone, and not significantly from circulating testosterone.</description><subject>17β-Estradiol</subject><subject>Androstenediol</subject><subject>Androstenedione</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Castration</subject><subject>Circulation</subject><subject>Dehydroepiandrosterone</subject><subject>Dihydrotestosterone</subject><subject>Estrone</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - analysis</subject><subject>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - metabolism</subject><subject>Hippocampal plasticity</subject><subject>Hippocampus</subject><subject>Hippocampus - chemistry</subject><subject>Hippocampus - metabolism</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Neuromodulation</subject><subject>Neuroprotection</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Sex</subject><subject>Sex hormones</subject><subject>Steroid hormones</subject><subject>Steroids</subject><subject>Synaptic plasticity</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><issn>0013-7227</issn><issn>1945-7170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kM9rFDEcR4Modtt661kGhPZian5ncpRta4WCh7XnkMl8h6bsJGMyo9a_3iy7UBE9hYSXx4eH0Bkll5RR8gHiJSPEYMKJfIFW1AiJNdXkJVoRQjnWjOkjdFzKY70KIfhrdESNbE2r1Ap16zROLoeSYtPB_AMgNrdhmpJ347QUvHmK8wOU8Av6xsW-WYfsl62bQ4r4CnL4Xt838LPZzJBT6EsTYlM__Ok4Ra8Gty3w5nCeoPub66_rW3z35dPn9cc77IXRM9aSOwqtcgJakD31UlPCupa7AWAQ0DtDOsYkcCkY73grwGsnB-aV58oIfoLO994pp28LlNmOoXjYbl2EtBSrtDJcMVPBd3-Bj2nJsW6znNaKRkuhKvV-T_mcSskw2CmH0eUnS4ndlbcQ7a683ZWv-NuDdOlG6J_hQ-oKXOyBtEz_U-GDiu9JiH3yOUSYMpTyvPKfA34DXAKcOg</recordid><startdate>20091101</startdate><enddate>20091101</enddate><creator>Hojo, Yasushi</creator><creator>Higo, Shimpei</creator><creator>Ishii, Hirotaka</creator><creator>Ooishi, Yuuki</creator><creator>Mukai, Hideo</creator><creator>Murakami, Gen</creator><creator>Kominami, Toshihiro</creator><creator>Kimoto, Tetsuya</creator><creator>Honma, Seijiro</creator><creator>Poirier, Donald</creator><creator>Kawato, Suguru</creator><general>Endocrine Society</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091101</creationdate><title>Comparison between Hippocampus-Synthesized and Circulation-Derived Sex Steroids in the Hippocampus</title><author>Hojo, Yasushi ; Higo, Shimpei ; Ishii, Hirotaka ; Ooishi, Yuuki ; Mukai, Hideo ; Murakami, Gen ; Kominami, Toshihiro ; Kimoto, Tetsuya ; Honma, Seijiro ; Poirier, Donald ; Kawato, Suguru</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-753a1e86a4e8e5d1c57102b83afeef4eda90b225e35423b384ec7a5f2c6c36943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>17β-Estradiol</topic><topic>Androstenediol</topic><topic>Androstenedione</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Castration</topic><topic>Circulation</topic><topic>Dehydroepiandrosterone</topic><topic>Dihydrotestosterone</topic><topic>Estrone</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - analysis</topic><topic>Gonadal Steroid Hormones - metabolism</topic><topic>Hippocampal plasticity</topic><topic>Hippocampus</topic><topic>Hippocampus - chemistry</topic><topic>Hippocampus - metabolism</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Neuromodulation</topic><topic>Neuroprotection</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Sex</topic><topic>Sex hormones</topic><topic>Steroid hormones</topic><topic>Steroids</topic><topic>Synaptic plasticity</topic><topic>Testosterone</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hojo, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higo, Shimpei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ishii, Hirotaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ooishi, Yuuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mukai, Hideo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murakami, Gen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kominami, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kimoto, Tetsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Honma, Seijiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poirier, Donald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawato, Suguru</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hojo, Yasushi</au><au>Higo, Shimpei</au><au>Ishii, Hirotaka</au><au>Ooishi, Yuuki</au><au>Mukai, Hideo</au><au>Murakami, Gen</au><au>Kominami, Toshihiro</au><au>Kimoto, Tetsuya</au><au>Honma, Seijiro</au><au>Poirier, Donald</au><au>Kawato, Suguru</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparison between Hippocampus-Synthesized and Circulation-Derived Sex Steroids in the Hippocampus</atitle><jtitle>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</jtitle><addtitle>Endocrinology</addtitle><date>2009-11-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>150</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>5106</spage><epage>5112</epage><pages>5106-5112</pages><issn>0013-7227</issn><eissn>1945-7170</eissn><abstract>Estradiol (E2) and other sex steroids play essential roles in the modulation of synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus. To clarify the mechanisms for these events, it is important to determine the respective role of circulating vs. locally produced sex steroids in the male hippocampus. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in combination with novel derivatization was employed to determine the concentration of sex steroids in adult male rat hippocampus. The hippocampal levels of 17β-E2, testosterone (T), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were 8.4, 16.9, and 6.6 nm, respectively, and these levels were significantly higher than circulating levels. The hippocampal estrone (E1) level was, in contrast, very low around 0.015 nm. After castration to deplete circulating high level T, hippocampal levels of T and DHT decreased considerably to 18 and 3%, respectively, whereas E2 level only slightly decreased to 83%. The strong reduction in hippocampal DHT resulting from castration implies that circulating T may be a main origin of DHT. In combination with results obtained from metabolism analysis of [3H]steroids, we suggest that male hippocampal E2 synthesis pathway may be androstenedione → T → E2 or dehydroepiandrosterone → androstenediol → T → E2 but not androstenedione → E1 → E2.
Improved mass-spectrometric analysis revealed that hippocampal estradiol is mainly synthesized from hippocampus-derived testosterone, and not significantly from circulating testosterone.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>19589866</pmid><doi>10.1210/en.2009-0305</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | 17β-Estradiol Androstenediol Androstenedione Animals Castration Circulation Dehydroepiandrosterone Dihydrotestosterone Estrone Female Gonadal Steroid Hormones - analysis Gonadal Steroid Hormones - metabolism Hippocampal plasticity Hippocampus Hippocampus - chemistry Hippocampus - metabolism Liquid chromatography Male Males Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Neuromodulation Neuroprotection Rats Rats, Wistar Sex Sex hormones Steroid hormones Steroids Synaptic plasticity Testosterone |
| title | Comparison between Hippocampus-Synthesized and Circulation-Derived Sex Steroids in the Hippocampus |
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