High protein intake reduces intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in humans
BACKGROUND: High sugar and fat intakes are known to increase intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCLs) and to cause insulin resistance. High protein intake may facilitate weight loss and improve glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant patients, but its effects on IHCLs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of clinical nutrition 2009-10, Vol.90 (4), p.1002-1010 |
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| creator | Bortolotti, Murielle Kreis, Roland Debard, Cyrille Cariou, Bertrand Faeh, David Chetiveaux, Maud Ith, Michael Vermathen, Peter Stefanoni, Nathalie Lê, Kim-Anne Schneiter, Philippe Krempf, Michel Vidal, Hubert Boesch, Chris Tappy, Luc |
| description | BACKGROUND: High sugar and fat intakes are known to increase intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCLs) and to cause insulin resistance. High protein intake may facilitate weight loss and improve glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant patients, but its effects on IHCLs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the effect of high protein intake on high-fat diet-induced IHCL accumulation and insulin sensitivity in healthy young men. DESIGN: Ten volunteers were studied in a crossover design after 4 d of either a hypercaloric high-fat (HF) diet; a hypercaloric high-fat, high-protein (HFHP) diet; or a control, isocaloric (control) diet. IHCLs were measured by ¹H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fasting metabolism was measured by indirect calorimetry, insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; expression of key lipogenic genes was assessed in subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy specimens. RESULTS: The HF diet increased IHCLs by 90 ± 26% and plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1) by 54 ± 11% (P < 0.02 for both) and inhibited plasma free fatty acids by 26 ± 11% and β-hydroxybutyrate by 61 ± 27% (P < 0.05 for both). The HFHP diet blunted the increase in IHCLs and normalized plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and tPAI-1 concentrations. Insulin sensitivity was not altered, whereas the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and key lipogenic genes increased with the HF and HFHP diets (P < 0.02). Bile acid concentrations remained unchanged after the HF diet but increased by 50 ± 24% after the HFHP diet (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: Protein intake significantly blunts the effects of an HF diet on IHCLs and tPAI-1 through effects presumably exerted at the level of the liver. Protein-induced increases in bile acid concentrations may be involved. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00523562. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27296 |
| format | Article |
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High protein intake may facilitate weight loss and improve glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant patients, but its effects on IHCLs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the effect of high protein intake on high-fat diet-induced IHCL accumulation and insulin sensitivity in healthy young men. DESIGN: Ten volunteers were studied in a crossover design after 4 d of either a hypercaloric high-fat (HF) diet; a hypercaloric high-fat, high-protein (HFHP) diet; or a control, isocaloric (control) diet. IHCLs were measured by ¹H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fasting metabolism was measured by indirect calorimetry, insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; expression of key lipogenic genes was assessed in subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy specimens. RESULTS: The HF diet increased IHCLs by 90 ± 26% and plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1) by 54 ± 11% (P < 0.02 for both) and inhibited plasma free fatty acids by 26 ± 11% and β-hydroxybutyrate by 61 ± 27% (P < 0.05 for both). The HFHP diet blunted the increase in IHCLs and normalized plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and tPAI-1 concentrations. Insulin sensitivity was not altered, whereas the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and key lipogenic genes increased with the HF and HFHP diets (P < 0.02). Bile acid concentrations remained unchanged after the HF diet but increased by 50 ± 24% after the HFHP diet (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: Protein intake significantly blunts the effects of an HF diet on IHCLs and tPAI-1 through effects presumably exerted at the level of the liver. Protein-induced increases in bile acid concentrations may be involved. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00523562.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3207</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27296</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19710199</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJCNAC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: American Society for Clinical Nutrition</publisher><subject>3-Hydroxybutyric Acid - blood ; adipose tissue ; Adult ; Bile Acids and Salts - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; biopsy ; calorimetry ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dietary Fats - pharmacology ; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage ; Dietary Proteins - pharmacology ; Energy Intake ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; fasting metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; free fatty acids ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gas chromatography ; gene expression ; glucose homeostasis ; high fat diet ; high protein diet ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; intrahepatocellular lipid deposition ; Leptin - blood ; Lipid Metabolism - genetics ; lipogenesis ; Liver - metabolism ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Male ; mass spectrometry ; men ; plasminogen activator ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - metabolism ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator - blood ; tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; weight loss ; Young Adult ; young adults</subject><ispartof>The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2009-10, Vol.90 (4), p.1002-1010</ispartof><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-ed6fb6a9f1adfba131e4220ff7a6196fbfe8d13d1ea3f50578c813fa0f7295eb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-ed6fb6a9f1adfba131e4220ff7a6196fbfe8d13d1ea3f50578c813fa0f7295eb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21998446$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19710199$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bortolotti, Murielle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreis, Roland</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debard, Cyrille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cariou, Bertrand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faeh, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chetiveaux, Maud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ith, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermathen, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stefanoni, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lê, Kim-Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneiter, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krempf, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vidal, Hubert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boesch, Chris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tappy, Luc</creatorcontrib><title>High protein intake reduces intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in humans</title><title>The American journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND: High sugar and fat intakes are known to increase intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCLs) and to cause insulin resistance. High protein intake may facilitate weight loss and improve glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant patients, but its effects on IHCLs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the effect of high protein intake on high-fat diet-induced IHCL accumulation and insulin sensitivity in healthy young men. DESIGN: Ten volunteers were studied in a crossover design after 4 d of either a hypercaloric high-fat (HF) diet; a hypercaloric high-fat, high-protein (HFHP) diet; or a control, isocaloric (control) diet. IHCLs were measured by ¹H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fasting metabolism was measured by indirect calorimetry, insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; expression of key lipogenic genes was assessed in subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy specimens. RESULTS: The HF diet increased IHCLs by 90 ± 26% and plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1) by 54 ± 11% (P < 0.02 for both) and inhibited plasma free fatty acids by 26 ± 11% and β-hydroxybutyrate by 61 ± 27% (P < 0.05 for both). The HFHP diet blunted the increase in IHCLs and normalized plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and tPAI-1 concentrations. Insulin sensitivity was not altered, whereas the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and key lipogenic genes increased with the HF and HFHP diets (P < 0.02). Bile acid concentrations remained unchanged after the HF diet but increased by 50 ± 24% after the HFHP diet (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: Protein intake significantly blunts the effects of an HF diet on IHCLs and tPAI-1 through effects presumably exerted at the level of the liver. Protein-induced increases in bile acid concentrations may be involved. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00523562.</description><subject>3-Hydroxybutyric Acid - blood</subject><subject>adipose tissue</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Bile Acids and Salts - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biopsy</subject><subject>calorimetry</subject><subject>Cross-Over Studies</subject><subject>Dietary Fats - pharmacology</subject><subject>Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Dietary Proteins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Energy Intake</subject><subject>enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>fasting metabolism</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>free fatty acids</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gas chromatography</subject><subject>gene expression</subject><subject>glucose homeostasis</subject><subject>high fat diet</subject><subject>high protein diet</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insulin Resistance</subject><subject>intrahepatocellular lipid deposition</subject><subject>Leptin - blood</subject><subject>Lipid Metabolism - genetics</subject><subject>lipogenesis</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>mass spectrometry</subject><subject>men</subject><subject>plasminogen activator</subject><subject>Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - metabolism</subject><subject>Tissue Plasminogen Activator - blood</subject><subject>tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>weight loss</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>young adults</subject><issn>0002-9165</issn><issn>1938-3207</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkE1v2zAMhoWhxZpmO-_W-dLenJCSLVvHIujHhgA7bDkLjE01ah3bk-xD__3sJdhOBMGHL8hHiC8IK2WyfE2vVbuSAOVKFtLoD2KBRpWpklBciAUAyNSgzq_EdYyvACizUn8UV2gKBDRmIb4_-5dD0oduYN8mvh3ojZPA9VhxnNtAB-5p6CpumrGhkDS-93VSc99FP_hu3kkO45Ha-ElcOmoifz7Xpdg9PvzaPKfbH0_fNvfbtFIGhpRr7faajEOq3Z5QIWdSgnMFaTTTzHFZo6qRSbkc8qKsSlSOwE0f5rxXS3F3yp2u_j1yHOzRx_k-arkbo9WF1pArOYHrE1iFLsbAzvbBHym8WwQ767OzPjvrs3_1TRs35-hxf-T6P3_2NQG3Z4BiRY0L1FY-_uPkxJRZNgd9PXGOOksvYWJ2PyWgAtQlSInqD5vag4Q</recordid><startdate>20091001</startdate><enddate>20091001</enddate><creator>Bortolotti, Murielle</creator><creator>Kreis, Roland</creator><creator>Debard, Cyrille</creator><creator>Cariou, Bertrand</creator><creator>Faeh, David</creator><creator>Chetiveaux, Maud</creator><creator>Ith, Michael</creator><creator>Vermathen, Peter</creator><creator>Stefanoni, Nathalie</creator><creator>Lê, Kim-Anne</creator><creator>Schneiter, Philippe</creator><creator>Krempf, Michel</creator><creator>Vidal, Hubert</creator><creator>Boesch, Chris</creator><creator>Tappy, Luc</creator><general>American Society for Clinical Nutrition</general><general>American Society for Nutrition</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091001</creationdate><title>High protein intake reduces intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in humans</title><author>Bortolotti, Murielle ; Kreis, Roland ; Debard, Cyrille ; Cariou, Bertrand ; Faeh, David ; Chetiveaux, Maud ; Ith, Michael ; Vermathen, Peter ; Stefanoni, Nathalie ; Lê, Kim-Anne ; Schneiter, Philippe ; Krempf, Michel ; Vidal, Hubert ; Boesch, Chris ; Tappy, Luc</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-ed6fb6a9f1adfba131e4220ff7a6196fbfe8d13d1ea3f50578c813fa0f7295eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>3-Hydroxybutyric Acid - blood</topic><topic>adipose tissue</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Bile Acids and Salts - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biopsy</topic><topic>calorimetry</topic><topic>Cross-Over Studies</topic><topic>Dietary Fats - pharmacology</topic><topic>Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Dietary Proteins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Energy Intake</topic><topic>enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</topic><topic>fasting metabolism</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>free fatty acids</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>gas chromatography</topic><topic>gene expression</topic><topic>glucose homeostasis</topic><topic>high fat diet</topic><topic>high protein diet</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insulin Resistance</topic><topic>intrahepatocellular lipid deposition</topic><topic>Leptin - blood</topic><topic>Lipid Metabolism - genetics</topic><topic>lipogenesis</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>mass spectrometry</topic><topic>men</topic><topic>plasminogen activator</topic><topic>Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - metabolism</topic><topic>Tissue Plasminogen Activator - blood</topic><topic>tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>weight loss</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><topic>young adults</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bortolotti, Murielle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreis, Roland</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debard, Cyrille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cariou, Bertrand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faeh, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chetiveaux, Maud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ith, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermathen, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stefanoni, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lê, Kim-Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneiter, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krempf, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vidal, Hubert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boesch, Chris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tappy, Luc</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bortolotti, Murielle</au><au>Kreis, Roland</au><au>Debard, Cyrille</au><au>Cariou, Bertrand</au><au>Faeh, David</au><au>Chetiveaux, Maud</au><au>Ith, Michael</au><au>Vermathen, Peter</au><au>Stefanoni, Nathalie</au><au>Lê, Kim-Anne</au><au>Schneiter, Philippe</au><au>Krempf, Michel</au><au>Vidal, Hubert</au><au>Boesch, Chris</au><au>Tappy, Luc</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High protein intake reduces intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in humans</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2009-10-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>90</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1002</spage><epage>1010</epage><pages>1002-1010</pages><issn>0002-9165</issn><eissn>1938-3207</eissn><coden>AJCNAC</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND: High sugar and fat intakes are known to increase intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCLs) and to cause insulin resistance. High protein intake may facilitate weight loss and improve glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant patients, but its effects on IHCLs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the effect of high protein intake on high-fat diet-induced IHCL accumulation and insulin sensitivity in healthy young men. DESIGN: Ten volunteers were studied in a crossover design after 4 d of either a hypercaloric high-fat (HF) diet; a hypercaloric high-fat, high-protein (HFHP) diet; or a control, isocaloric (control) diet. IHCLs were measured by ¹H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fasting metabolism was measured by indirect calorimetry, insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; expression of key lipogenic genes was assessed in subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy specimens. RESULTS: The HF diet increased IHCLs by 90 ± 26% and plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1) by 54 ± 11% (P < 0.02 for both) and inhibited plasma free fatty acids by 26 ± 11% and β-hydroxybutyrate by 61 ± 27% (P < 0.05 for both). The HFHP diet blunted the increase in IHCLs and normalized plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and tPAI-1 concentrations. Insulin sensitivity was not altered, whereas the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and key lipogenic genes increased with the HF and HFHP diets (P < 0.02). Bile acid concentrations remained unchanged after the HF diet but increased by 50 ± 24% after the HFHP diet (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: Protein intake significantly blunts the effects of an HF diet on IHCLs and tPAI-1 through effects presumably exerted at the level of the liver. Protein-induced increases in bile acid concentrations may be involved. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00523562.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>American Society for Clinical Nutrition</pub><pmid>19710199</pmid><doi>10.3945/ajcn.2008.27296</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid - blood adipose tissue Adult Bile Acids and Salts - blood Biological and medical sciences biopsy calorimetry Cross-Over Studies Dietary Fats - pharmacology Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage Dietary Proteins - pharmacology Energy Intake enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay fasting metabolism Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood Feeding. Feeding behavior free fatty acids Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gas chromatography gene expression glucose homeostasis high fat diet high protein diet Humans Insulin Resistance intrahepatocellular lipid deposition Leptin - blood Lipid Metabolism - genetics lipogenesis Liver - metabolism magnetic resonance imaging Male mass spectrometry men plasminogen activator Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - metabolism Tissue Plasminogen Activator - blood tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems weight loss Young Adult young adults |
| title | High protein intake reduces intrahepatocellular lipid deposition in humans |
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