Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine and Vitamin E Alone or in Combination Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Neurological injury because of transient cerebral ischemia is a potential complication of cardiovascular surgery. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of l-carnitine, vitamin E, and the combination of these agents on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury were determined in a rat model of transient...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of surgical research 2006-03, Vol.131 (1), p.124-130 |
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| creator | Onem, Gokhan Aral, Erinc Enli, Yasar Oguz, Emin Oguzhan Coskun, Erdal Aybek, Hulya Ozcan, Ali Vefa Sacar, Mustafa Bir, Levent Sinan Baltalarli, Ahmet Baycu, Cengiz |
| description | Neurological injury because of transient cerebral ischemia is a potential complication of cardiovascular surgery. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and the combination of these agents on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury were determined in a rat model of transient global cerebral I/R.
Rats were pretreated with
l-carnitine (100 mg/kg, i.v.) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg, i. v.), alone or in combination and then subjected to cerebral I/R induced by a four-vessel-occlusion technique for a duration of 15 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in the cerebral tissues. Histopathological examinations were also carried out under light and electron microscopy.
The results showed that I/R elevated MDA levels, which were accompanied by a reduction in SOD activities and GSH levels. Surviving neurons was markedly decreased in CA1 and CA3 subfield of hippocampus in I/R animals.
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and their combination restored MDA levels and SOD activities, with a tendency to increase surviving neurons in CA1 and CA3 subfield. Combined treatment of
l-carnitine and vitamin E had better GSH levels than individual treatment of these agents.
The results suggest that
l-carnitine has a potent neuroprotective effect against cerebral-I/R-induced injury in rat brain that is comparable to that of vitamin E. However, the combined use of
l-carnitine and vitamin E does not further protect from neuronal injury, although it provides an increase in GSH levels. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jss.2005.12.017 |
| format | Article |
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l-carnitine, vitamin E, and the combination of these agents on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury were determined in a rat model of transient global cerebral I/R.
Rats were pretreated with
l-carnitine (100 mg/kg, i.v.) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg, i. v.), alone or in combination and then subjected to cerebral I/R induced by a four-vessel-occlusion technique for a duration of 15 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in the cerebral tissues. Histopathological examinations were also carried out under light and electron microscopy.
The results showed that I/R elevated MDA levels, which were accompanied by a reduction in SOD activities and GSH levels. Surviving neurons was markedly decreased in CA1 and CA3 subfield of hippocampus in I/R animals.
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and their combination restored MDA levels and SOD activities, with a tendency to increase surviving neurons in CA1 and CA3 subfield. Combined treatment of
l-carnitine and vitamin E had better GSH levels than individual treatment of these agents.
The results suggest that
l-carnitine has a potent neuroprotective effect against cerebral-I/R-induced injury in rat brain that is comparable to that of vitamin E. However, the combined use of
l-carnitine and vitamin E does not further protect from neuronal injury, although it provides an increase in GSH levels.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4804</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-8673</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.12.017</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16457849</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JSGRA2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain - pathology ; Brain Diseases - etiology ; Brain Diseases - prevention & control ; Brain Ischemia ; Carnitine - pharmacology ; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion ; cerebral protection ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; General aspects ; Glutathione - analysis ; Infusions, Intravenous ; l-carnitine ; Male ; Malondialdehyde - analysis ; Medical sciences ; rat ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury - complications ; Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control ; Superoxide Dismutase - analysis ; Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology ; vitamin E ; Vitamin E - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>The Journal of surgical research, 2006-03, Vol.131 (1), p.124-130</ispartof><rights>2006 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-944b376682ed1d2c64f21e788baf2661ffdf5880f0cb97c4a3b4cb81aefb104a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-944b376682ed1d2c64f21e788baf2661ffdf5880f0cb97c4a3b4cb81aefb104a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2005.12.017$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3554,27933,27934,46004</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17561182$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16457849$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Onem, Gokhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aral, Erinc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Enli, Yasar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oguz, Emin Oguzhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coskun, Erdal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aybek, Hulya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ozcan, Ali Vefa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sacar, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bir, Levent Sinan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baltalarli, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baycu, Cengiz</creatorcontrib><title>Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine and Vitamin E Alone or in Combination Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats</title><title>The Journal of surgical research</title><addtitle>J Surg Res</addtitle><description>Neurological injury because of transient cerebral ischemia is a potential complication of cardiovascular surgery. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and the combination of these agents on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury were determined in a rat model of transient global cerebral I/R.
Rats were pretreated with
l-carnitine (100 mg/kg, i.v.) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg, i. v.), alone or in combination and then subjected to cerebral I/R induced by a four-vessel-occlusion technique for a duration of 15 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in the cerebral tissues. Histopathological examinations were also carried out under light and electron microscopy.
The results showed that I/R elevated MDA levels, which were accompanied by a reduction in SOD activities and GSH levels. Surviving neurons was markedly decreased in CA1 and CA3 subfield of hippocampus in I/R animals.
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and their combination restored MDA levels and SOD activities, with a tendency to increase surviving neurons in CA1 and CA3 subfield. Combined treatment of
l-carnitine and vitamin E had better GSH levels than individual treatment of these agents.
The results suggest that
l-carnitine has a potent neuroprotective effect against cerebral-I/R-induced injury in rat brain that is comparable to that of vitamin E. However, the combined use of
l-carnitine and vitamin E does not further protect from neuronal injury, although it provides an increase in GSH levels.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain - pathology</subject><subject>Brain Diseases - etiology</subject><subject>Brain Diseases - prevention & control</subject><subject>Brain Ischemia</subject><subject>Carnitine - pharmacology</subject><subject>cerebral ischemia/reperfusion</subject><subject>cerebral protection</subject><subject>Drug Therapy, Combination</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Glutathione - analysis</subject><subject>Infusions, Intravenous</subject><subject>l-carnitine</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Malondialdehyde - analysis</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>rat</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Reperfusion Injury - complications</subject><subject>Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control</subject><subject>Superoxide Dismutase - analysis</subject><subject>Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology</subject><subject>vitamin E</subject><subject>Vitamin E - pharmacology</subject><issn>0022-4804</issn><issn>1095-8673</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFv2yAUx9G0ac3afoBdJi7bzR4QDFg7RVG2Rqo2qdp6RRg_NiwbMrCr9tuXKJF66wn-8HtPjx8IfaSkpoSKr0M95FwzQpqasppQ-QatKGmbSgm5fotWhDBWcUX4BfqQ80BKbuX6PbqggjdS8XaFHn_CkuIhxRns7B8A75wru4yjw2O1NSn42QfAJvT43s9m8gHv8GaM5SwmXNI2Tp0PZvYx4M1f40Oe8T7bfzB5U93BAZJb8vFyH4YlPR1L7sycr9A7Z8YM1-f1Ev35vvu9valuf_3Ybze3leVczlXLebeWQigGPe2ZFdwxClKpzjgmBHWud41SxBHbtdJys-647RQ14DpKSrxEX059yxv_L5BnPflsYRxNgLhkLaRoVMPbAtITaFPMOYHTh-Qnk540JfqoWw-66NZH3ZoyXXSXmk_n5ks3Qf9ScfZbgM9nwGRrRpdMsD6_cLIRlCpWuG8nDoqKBw9JZ-shWOh9Kt-h--hfGeMZZXyexQ</recordid><startdate>20060301</startdate><enddate>20060301</enddate><creator>Onem, Gokhan</creator><creator>Aral, Erinc</creator><creator>Enli, Yasar</creator><creator>Oguz, Emin Oguzhan</creator><creator>Coskun, Erdal</creator><creator>Aybek, Hulya</creator><creator>Ozcan, Ali Vefa</creator><creator>Sacar, Mustafa</creator><creator>Bir, Levent Sinan</creator><creator>Baltalarli, Ahmet</creator><creator>Baycu, Cengiz</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060301</creationdate><title>Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine and Vitamin E Alone or in Combination Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats</title><author>Onem, Gokhan ; Aral, Erinc ; Enli, Yasar ; Oguz, Emin Oguzhan ; Coskun, Erdal ; Aybek, Hulya ; Ozcan, Ali Vefa ; Sacar, Mustafa ; Bir, Levent Sinan ; Baltalarli, Ahmet ; Baycu, Cengiz</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-944b376682ed1d2c64f21e788baf2661ffdf5880f0cb97c4a3b4cb81aefb104a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain - pathology</topic><topic>Brain Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Brain Diseases - prevention & control</topic><topic>Brain Ischemia</topic><topic>Carnitine - pharmacology</topic><topic>cerebral ischemia/reperfusion</topic><topic>cerebral protection</topic><topic>Drug Therapy, Combination</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Glutathione - analysis</topic><topic>Infusions, Intravenous</topic><topic>l-carnitine</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Malondialdehyde - analysis</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>rat</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Reperfusion Injury - complications</topic><topic>Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control</topic><topic>Superoxide Dismutase - analysis</topic><topic>Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology</topic><topic>vitamin E</topic><topic>Vitamin E - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Onem, Gokhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aral, Erinc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Enli, Yasar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oguz, Emin Oguzhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coskun, Erdal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aybek, Hulya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ozcan, Ali Vefa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sacar, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bir, Levent Sinan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baltalarli, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baycu, Cengiz</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of surgical research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Onem, Gokhan</au><au>Aral, Erinc</au><au>Enli, Yasar</au><au>Oguz, Emin Oguzhan</au><au>Coskun, Erdal</au><au>Aybek, Hulya</au><au>Ozcan, Ali Vefa</au><au>Sacar, Mustafa</au><au>Bir, Levent Sinan</au><au>Baltalarli, Ahmet</au><au>Baycu, Cengiz</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine and Vitamin E Alone or in Combination Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of surgical research</jtitle><addtitle>J Surg Res</addtitle><date>2006-03-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>131</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>124</spage><epage>130</epage><pages>124-130</pages><issn>0022-4804</issn><eissn>1095-8673</eissn><coden>JSGRA2</coden><abstract>Neurological injury because of transient cerebral ischemia is a potential complication of cardiovascular surgery. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and the combination of these agents on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury were determined in a rat model of transient global cerebral I/R.
Rats were pretreated with
l-carnitine (100 mg/kg, i.v.) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg, i. v.), alone or in combination and then subjected to cerebral I/R induced by a four-vessel-occlusion technique for a duration of 15 min followed by 15 min of reperfusion. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in the cerebral tissues. Histopathological examinations were also carried out under light and electron microscopy.
The results showed that I/R elevated MDA levels, which were accompanied by a reduction in SOD activities and GSH levels. Surviving neurons was markedly decreased in CA1 and CA3 subfield of hippocampus in I/R animals.
l-carnitine, vitamin E, and their combination restored MDA levels and SOD activities, with a tendency to increase surviving neurons in CA1 and CA3 subfield. Combined treatment of
l-carnitine and vitamin E had better GSH levels than individual treatment of these agents.
The results suggest that
l-carnitine has a potent neuroprotective effect against cerebral-I/R-induced injury in rat brain that is comparable to that of vitamin E. However, the combined use of
l-carnitine and vitamin E does not further protect from neuronal injury, although it provides an increase in GSH levels.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>16457849</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jss.2005.12.017</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Antioxidants - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences Brain - pathology Brain Diseases - etiology Brain Diseases - prevention & control Brain Ischemia Carnitine - pharmacology cerebral ischemia/reperfusion cerebral protection Drug Therapy, Combination General aspects Glutathione - analysis Infusions, Intravenous l-carnitine Male Malondialdehyde - analysis Medical sciences rat Rats Rats, Wistar Reperfusion Injury - complications Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control Superoxide Dismutase - analysis Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology vitamin E Vitamin E - pharmacology |
| title | Neuroprotective Effects of l-Carnitine and Vitamin E Alone or in Combination Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats |
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