Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients According to the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis
Background: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality for cirrhotic and HIV-infected patients, respectively. However, little is known on CABP in HIV-positive patients with cirrhosis. A study was performed to describe the clinical features...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Infection 2009-08, Vol.37 (4), p.334-339 |
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| creator | Manno, D Puoti, M Signorini, L Lapadula, G Cadeo, B Soavi, L Paraninfo, G Allegri, R Cristini, G Viale, P Carosi, G |
| description | Background: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality for cirrhotic and HIV-infected patients, respectively. However, little is known on CABP in HIV-positive patients with cirrhosis. A study was performed to describe the clinical features and factors predictive of mortality and prolonged hospitalization in cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with a diagnosis of CABP. Methods: Demographic and clinical characteristics of cirrhotic HIV-positive subjects, hospitalized for CABP in our department from June 2000 to December 2006, were compared with those of non-cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with the same diagnosis hospitalized from June 2000 to November 2001. Variables with p < 0.10 in univariate analysis were tested for their predictive value for mortality and length of hospitalization with uni- and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Twenty-nine cirrhotic and 73 non-cirrhotic HIV-positive patients with CABP were compared. Age and alcohol abusewere significantly higher in cirrhotics. At hospital admission, cirrhotic patients had more frequently mental status alterations (7.26 [2.21-23.82], p = 0.001) and milder symptoms and signs (temperature > 37.5 _C: 0.27 [0.10-0.75], p = 0.01; respiratory rate > 20: 0.34 [0.13-0.92], p = 0.033; systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): 0.39 [0.16-0.95], p = 0.038). Adjusting for age, cirrhosis was associated with a higher mortality (5.96 [1.05-33.57]; p = 0.043). Adjusting for age, gender, and concomitant antiretroviral treatment, cirrhosis was also associated with a prolonged hospitalization (> 7 days: 9.30 [1.84-46.82]; p = 0.007). Conclusion: The diagnosis of CABP can be difficult in cirrhotic HIV-positive patients because clinical presentation is milder. However, CABP needs to be promptly recognized because mortality is higher in these patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s15010-009-8140-5 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67633375</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1852573081</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-c3f2df1f349ca8a7a5ea0c5c0540a607a995408f44b2a21719c333cfa26d48ef3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFks9uEzEQxi0EoqHwAFzA4sBtYWzv32MaUVIpEhFQrpbrtROXXTu1vaDyaDwdE22kShzgZMvz-76Z0WdCXjJ4xwCa94lVwKAA6IqWlVBUj8iClaIroGvEY7IAAYAVXp-RZyndAkDVlc1Tcsa6mnei5Qvy-7NL3-ml0jnERJXv6Wpw3mk10NVeRXw30aXsdKLLlIJ2Kpue_nR5T9chHVxWg_ulsgue2hDpKozj5F2-L5b6bnIR2YvZAw233kxj8E5R5-n66luxDcll98PQLToYn7GH1iH2zu9oDjTvsRJNMl4bGizdIIotXIx7FKbn5IlVQzIvTuc5ub788HW1LjafPl6tlptCl7zMhRaW95ZZUXZatapRlVGgKw1VCaqGRnUd3lpbljdccdawTgshtFW87svWWHFO3s6-hxjuJpOyHF3SZhiUN2FKsm5qFDTVf0HOoIEWAME3f4G3YYoel0CmqlndgkCIzZCOIaVorDxEN6p4LxnIY_xyjl9i_PIYvzxO8OpkPN2Mpn9QnPJGgM9AwpLfmfjQ-V-ur2eRVUGqHf4Hef2FAxPAcHfcR_wBBKjGuw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>215616803</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients According to the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink (Online service)</source><creator>Manno, D ; Puoti, M ; Signorini, L ; Lapadula, G ; Cadeo, B ; Soavi, L ; Paraninfo, G ; Allegri, R ; Cristini, G ; Viale, P ; Carosi, G</creator><creatorcontrib>Manno, D ; Puoti, M ; Signorini, L ; Lapadula, G ; Cadeo, B ; Soavi, L ; Paraninfo, G ; Allegri, R ; Cristini, G ; Viale, P ; Carosi, G</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality for cirrhotic and HIV-infected patients, respectively. However, little is known on CABP in HIV-positive patients with cirrhosis. A study was performed to describe the clinical features and factors predictive of mortality and prolonged hospitalization in cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with a diagnosis of CABP. Methods: Demographic and clinical characteristics of cirrhotic HIV-positive subjects, hospitalized for CABP in our department from June 2000 to December 2006, were compared with those of non-cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with the same diagnosis hospitalized from June 2000 to November 2001. Variables with p < 0.10 in univariate analysis were tested for their predictive value for mortality and length of hospitalization with uni- and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Twenty-nine cirrhotic and 73 non-cirrhotic HIV-positive patients with CABP were compared. Age and alcohol abusewere significantly higher in cirrhotics. At hospital admission, cirrhotic patients had more frequently mental status alterations (7.26 [2.21-23.82], p = 0.001) and milder symptoms and signs (temperature > 37.5 _C: 0.27 [0.10-0.75], p = 0.01; respiratory rate > 20: 0.34 [0.13-0.92], p = 0.033; systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): 0.39 [0.16-0.95], p = 0.038). Adjusting for age, cirrhosis was associated with a higher mortality (5.96 [1.05-33.57]; p = 0.043). Adjusting for age, gender, and concomitant antiretroviral treatment, cirrhosis was also associated with a prolonged hospitalization (> 7 days: 9.30 [1.84-46.82]; p = 0.007). Conclusion: The diagnosis of CABP can be difficult in cirrhotic HIV-positive patients because clinical presentation is milder. However, CABP needs to be promptly recognized because mortality is higher in these patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0300-8126</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-0973</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s15010-009-8140-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19629382</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Munchen: Munchen : Urban and Vogel</publisher><subject>Adult ; Antiretroviral agents ; Bacteria ; Clinical and Epidemiological Study ; Community-Acquired Infections - epidemiology ; Community-Acquired Infections - mortality ; Community-Acquired Infections - physiopathology ; Family Medicine ; Female ; General Practice ; HIV Infections - complications ; Hospitalization ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Infectious Diseases ; Internal Medicine ; Length of Stay ; Liver Cirrhosis - complications ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Bacterial - mortality ; Pneumonia, Bacterial - physiopathology ; Regression analysis ; Risk Factors</subject><ispartof>Infection, 2009-08, Vol.37 (4), p.334-339</ispartof><rights>Springer 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-c3f2df1f349ca8a7a5ea0c5c0540a607a995408f44b2a21719c333cfa26d48ef3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-c3f2df1f349ca8a7a5ea0c5c0540a607a995408f44b2a21719c333cfa26d48ef3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s15010-009-8140-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s15010-009-8140-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19629382$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Manno, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puoti, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Signorini, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lapadula, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cadeo, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soavi, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paraninfo, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allegri, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cristini, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viale, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carosi, G</creatorcontrib><title>Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients According to the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis</title><title>Infection</title><addtitle>Infection</addtitle><addtitle>Infection</addtitle><description>Background: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality for cirrhotic and HIV-infected patients, respectively. However, little is known on CABP in HIV-positive patients with cirrhosis. A study was performed to describe the clinical features and factors predictive of mortality and prolonged hospitalization in cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with a diagnosis of CABP. Methods: Demographic and clinical characteristics of cirrhotic HIV-positive subjects, hospitalized for CABP in our department from June 2000 to December 2006, were compared with those of non-cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with the same diagnosis hospitalized from June 2000 to November 2001. Variables with p < 0.10 in univariate analysis were tested for their predictive value for mortality and length of hospitalization with uni- and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Twenty-nine cirrhotic and 73 non-cirrhotic HIV-positive patients with CABP were compared. Age and alcohol abusewere significantly higher in cirrhotics. At hospital admission, cirrhotic patients had more frequently mental status alterations (7.26 [2.21-23.82], p = 0.001) and milder symptoms and signs (temperature > 37.5 _C: 0.27 [0.10-0.75], p = 0.01; respiratory rate > 20: 0.34 [0.13-0.92], p = 0.033; systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): 0.39 [0.16-0.95], p = 0.038). Adjusting for age, cirrhosis was associated with a higher mortality (5.96 [1.05-33.57]; p = 0.043). Adjusting for age, gender, and concomitant antiretroviral treatment, cirrhosis was also associated with a prolonged hospitalization (> 7 days: 9.30 [1.84-46.82]; p = 0.007). Conclusion: The diagnosis of CABP can be difficult in cirrhotic HIV-positive patients because clinical presentation is milder. However, CABP needs to be promptly recognized because mortality is higher in these patients.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antiretroviral agents</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Clinical and Epidemiological Study</subject><subject>Community-Acquired Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Community-Acquired Infections - mortality</subject><subject>Community-Acquired Infections - physiopathology</subject><subject>Family Medicine</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General Practice</subject><subject>HIV Infections - complications</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Length of Stay</subject><subject>Liver Cirrhosis - complications</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Bacterial - mortality</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Bacterial - physiopathology</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><issn>0300-8126</issn><issn>1439-0973</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFks9uEzEQxi0EoqHwAFzA4sBtYWzv32MaUVIpEhFQrpbrtROXXTu1vaDyaDwdE22kShzgZMvz-76Z0WdCXjJ4xwCa94lVwKAA6IqWlVBUj8iClaIroGvEY7IAAYAVXp-RZyndAkDVlc1Tcsa6mnei5Qvy-7NL3-ml0jnERJXv6Wpw3mk10NVeRXw30aXsdKLLlIJ2Kpue_nR5T9chHVxWg_ulsgue2hDpKozj5F2-L5b6bnIR2YvZAw233kxj8E5R5-n66luxDcll98PQLToYn7GH1iH2zu9oDjTvsRJNMl4bGizdIIotXIx7FKbn5IlVQzIvTuc5ub788HW1LjafPl6tlptCl7zMhRaW95ZZUXZatapRlVGgKw1VCaqGRnUd3lpbljdccdawTgshtFW87svWWHFO3s6-hxjuJpOyHF3SZhiUN2FKsm5qFDTVf0HOoIEWAME3f4G3YYoel0CmqlndgkCIzZCOIaVorDxEN6p4LxnIY_xyjl9i_PIYvzxO8OpkPN2Mpn9QnPJGgM9AwpLfmfjQ-V-ur2eRVUGqHf4Hef2FAxPAcHfcR_wBBKjGuw</recordid><startdate>20090801</startdate><enddate>20090801</enddate><creator>Manno, D</creator><creator>Puoti, M</creator><creator>Signorini, L</creator><creator>Lapadula, G</creator><creator>Cadeo, B</creator><creator>Soavi, L</creator><creator>Paraninfo, G</creator><creator>Allegri, R</creator><creator>Cristini, G</creator><creator>Viale, P</creator><creator>Carosi, G</creator><general>Munchen : Urban and Vogel</general><general>Urban and Vogel</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090801</creationdate><title>Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients According to the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis</title><author>Manno, D ; Puoti, M ; Signorini, L ; Lapadula, G ; Cadeo, B ; Soavi, L ; Paraninfo, G ; Allegri, R ; Cristini, G ; Viale, P ; Carosi, G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-c3f2df1f349ca8a7a5ea0c5c0540a607a995408f44b2a21719c333cfa26d48ef3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antiretroviral agents</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Clinical and Epidemiological Study</topic><topic>Community-Acquired Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Community-Acquired Infections - mortality</topic><topic>Community-Acquired Infections - physiopathology</topic><topic>Family Medicine</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General Practice</topic><topic>HIV Infections - complications</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Length of Stay</topic><topic>Liver Cirrhosis - complications</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Bacterial - mortality</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Bacterial - physiopathology</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Manno, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puoti, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Signorini, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lapadula, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cadeo, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soavi, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paraninfo, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allegri, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cristini, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viale, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carosi, G</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Infection</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Manno, D</au><au>Puoti, M</au><au>Signorini, L</au><au>Lapadula, G</au><au>Cadeo, B</au><au>Soavi, L</au><au>Paraninfo, G</au><au>Allegri, R</au><au>Cristini, G</au><au>Viale, P</au><au>Carosi, G</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients According to the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis</atitle><jtitle>Infection</jtitle><stitle>Infection</stitle><addtitle>Infection</addtitle><date>2009-08-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>334</spage><epage>339</epage><pages>334-339</pages><issn>0300-8126</issn><eissn>1439-0973</eissn><abstract>Background: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality for cirrhotic and HIV-infected patients, respectively. However, little is known on CABP in HIV-positive patients with cirrhosis. A study was performed to describe the clinical features and factors predictive of mortality and prolonged hospitalization in cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with a diagnosis of CABP. Methods: Demographic and clinical characteristics of cirrhotic HIV-positive subjects, hospitalized for CABP in our department from June 2000 to December 2006, were compared with those of non-cirrhotic HIV-infected patients with the same diagnosis hospitalized from June 2000 to November 2001. Variables with p < 0.10 in univariate analysis were tested for their predictive value for mortality and length of hospitalization with uni- and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Twenty-nine cirrhotic and 73 non-cirrhotic HIV-positive patients with CABP were compared. Age and alcohol abusewere significantly higher in cirrhotics. At hospital admission, cirrhotic patients had more frequently mental status alterations (7.26 [2.21-23.82], p = 0.001) and milder symptoms and signs (temperature > 37.5 _C: 0.27 [0.10-0.75], p = 0.01; respiratory rate > 20: 0.34 [0.13-0.92], p = 0.033; systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): 0.39 [0.16-0.95], p = 0.038). Adjusting for age, cirrhosis was associated with a higher mortality (5.96 [1.05-33.57]; p = 0.043). Adjusting for age, gender, and concomitant antiretroviral treatment, cirrhosis was also associated with a prolonged hospitalization (> 7 days: 9.30 [1.84-46.82]; p = 0.007). Conclusion: The diagnosis of CABP can be difficult in cirrhotic HIV-positive patients because clinical presentation is milder. However, CABP needs to be promptly recognized because mortality is higher in these patients.</abstract><cop>Munchen</cop><pub>Munchen : Urban and Vogel</pub><pmid>19629382</pmid><doi>10.1007/s15010-009-8140-5</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Antiretroviral agents Bacteria Clinical and Epidemiological Study Community-Acquired Infections - epidemiology Community-Acquired Infections - mortality Community-Acquired Infections - physiopathology Family Medicine Female General Practice HIV Infections - complications Hospitalization Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Length of Stay Liver Cirrhosis - complications Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Mortality Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology Pneumonia, Bacterial - mortality Pneumonia, Bacterial - physiopathology Regression analysis Risk Factors |
| title | Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients According to the Presence of Liver Cirrhosis |
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