Analysis of regional left ventricular function by cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: a multicenter comparison of methods

To define the use of cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography for detection of left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). Detection of RWMA is integral to the evaluation of LV function. In 100 patient...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2006-01, Vol.47 (1), p.121-128
Hauptverfasser: Hoffmann, Rainer, von Bardeleben, Stephan, Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D, Borges, Adrian C, ten Cate, Folkert, Firschke, Christian, Lafitte, Stephane, Al-Saadi, Nidal, Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie, Horstick, Georg, Greis, Christian, Engelhardt, Marc, Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis, Becher, Harald
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 128
container_issue 1
container_start_page 121
container_title Journal of the American College of Cardiology
container_volume 47
creator Hoffmann, Rainer
von Bardeleben, Stephan
Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D
Borges, Adrian C
ten Cate, Folkert
Firschke, Christian
Lafitte, Stephane
Al-Saadi, Nidal
Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie
Horstick, Georg
Greis, Christian
Engelhardt, Marc
Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis
Becher, Harald
description To define the use of cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography for detection of left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). Detection of RWMA is integral to the evaluation of LV function. In 100 patients, cineventriculography and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography were performed. Fifty-six of the patients underwent additional cMRI. RWMA were assessed referring to a 16-segment model for cMRI, unenhanced and contrast echocardiography. Cineventriculography was evaluated on a 7-segment model. Hypokinesia in one or more segments defined presence of RWMA. Interobserver agreement among three readers was determined within each imaging modality. Intermethod agreement between imaging modalities was analyzed. A standard of truth for the presence of RWMA was obtained by an independent expert panel decision (EPD) based on clinical data, electrocardiogram, coronary angiography, and blinded information from the imaging modalities. Sixty-seven patients were found to have an RWMA by EPD. Interobserver agreement expressed as kappa coefficient was 0.41 (range 0.37 to 0.44) for unenhanced echocardiography, 0.43 (range 0.29 to 0.79) for cMRT, 0.56 (range 0.44 to 0.70) for cineventriculography, and 0.77 (range 0.71 to 0.88) for contrast echocardiography. Contrast enhancement compared to unenhanced echocardiography improved agreement of echocardiography related to cMRI (kappa 0.46 vs. 0.29) and related to cineventriculography (kappa 0.59 vs. 0.28). Accuracy to detect EPD-defined RWMA was highest for contrast echocardiography, followed by cMRI, unenhanced echocardiography, and cineventriculography. Analysis of RWMA is characterized by considerable interobserver variability even using high-quality imaging modalities. Interobserver agreement on RWMA and accuracy to detect panel-defined RWMA is good using contrast echocardiography.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.012
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67603151</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>67603151</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-h271t-bab5422e9feef7c38f238c81116ba67fecdec4706ae8a6921a3cebaf3e1229313</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkc-O1DAMxiMEYoeFF-CAIiFx2g5xMk1abqsV_6SVuMC5clNnmlGbDEmLNC_Ic5FZhj1wsvz588-WzdhrEFsQoN8ftge0diuFqIuwFSCfsA3UdVOpujVP2UYYVVcgWnPFXuR8EELoBtrn7Aq0arQ2uw37fRtwOmWfeXQ80d7HkvOJ3MJ_UViSt-uEibs12KXUeH_i1gd6rMV9wuN4uuEW0-DR8hn3gRZvCywXVrDEfdF82N9wDANfA4XxLA8PqY0FhHmpHlWyY3yAXdAfOPJ5nQqyzKRUOuYjJl_g55VnWsY45JfsmcMp06tLvGY_Pn38fveluv_2-evd7X01SgNL1WNf76Sk1hE5Y1XjpGpsAwC6R20c2YHszgiN1KBuJaCy1KNTBFK2CtQ1e_eXe0zx50p56WafLU0TBopr7rTRQkF9Nr79z3iIayq3zR3UQoPWTauK683FtfYzDd0xlVulU_fvP-oPwuuZ5g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1506166893</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Analysis of regional left ventricular function by cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: a multicenter comparison of methods</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Hoffmann, Rainer ; von Bardeleben, Stephan ; Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D ; Borges, Adrian C ; ten Cate, Folkert ; Firschke, Christian ; Lafitte, Stephane ; Al-Saadi, Nidal ; Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie ; Horstick, Georg ; Greis, Christian ; Engelhardt, Marc ; Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis ; Becher, Harald</creator><creatorcontrib>Hoffmann, Rainer ; von Bardeleben, Stephan ; Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D ; Borges, Adrian C ; ten Cate, Folkert ; Firschke, Christian ; Lafitte, Stephane ; Al-Saadi, Nidal ; Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie ; Horstick, Georg ; Greis, Christian ; Engelhardt, Marc ; Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis ; Becher, Harald</creatorcontrib><description>To define the use of cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography for detection of left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). Detection of RWMA is integral to the evaluation of LV function. In 100 patients, cineventriculography and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography were performed. Fifty-six of the patients underwent additional cMRI. RWMA were assessed referring to a 16-segment model for cMRI, unenhanced and contrast echocardiography. Cineventriculography was evaluated on a 7-segment model. Hypokinesia in one or more segments defined presence of RWMA. Interobserver agreement among three readers was determined within each imaging modality. Intermethod agreement between imaging modalities was analyzed. A standard of truth for the presence of RWMA was obtained by an independent expert panel decision (EPD) based on clinical data, electrocardiogram, coronary angiography, and blinded information from the imaging modalities. Sixty-seven patients were found to have an RWMA by EPD. Interobserver agreement expressed as kappa coefficient was 0.41 (range 0.37 to 0.44) for unenhanced echocardiography, 0.43 (range 0.29 to 0.79) for cMRT, 0.56 (range 0.44 to 0.70) for cineventriculography, and 0.77 (range 0.71 to 0.88) for contrast echocardiography. Contrast enhancement compared to unenhanced echocardiography improved agreement of echocardiography related to cMRI (kappa 0.46 vs. 0.29) and related to cineventriculography (kappa 0.59 vs. 0.28). Accuracy to detect EPD-defined RWMA was highest for contrast echocardiography, followed by cMRI, unenhanced echocardiography, and cineventriculography. Analysis of RWMA is characterized by considerable interobserver variability even using high-quality imaging modalities. Interobserver agreement on RWMA and accuracy to detect panel-defined RWMA is good using contrast echocardiography.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0735-1097</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-3597</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16386674</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Limited</publisher><subject>Cardiology ; Cineradiography ; Contrast Media ; Coronary vessels ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; Heart attacks ; Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Contraction ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Observer Variation ; Older people ; Phospholipids ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sulfur Hexafluoride ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis ; Ventricular Function, Left</subject><ispartof>Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2006-01, Vol.47 (1), p.121-128</ispartof><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Jan 3, 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16386674$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hoffmann, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Bardeleben, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borges, Adrian C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ten Cate, Folkert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Firschke, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lafitte, Stephane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Saadi, Nidal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horstick, Georg</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greis, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engelhardt, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Becher, Harald</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of regional left ventricular function by cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: a multicenter comparison of methods</title><title>Journal of the American College of Cardiology</title><addtitle>J Am Coll Cardiol</addtitle><description>To define the use of cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography for detection of left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). Detection of RWMA is integral to the evaluation of LV function. In 100 patients, cineventriculography and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography were performed. Fifty-six of the patients underwent additional cMRI. RWMA were assessed referring to a 16-segment model for cMRI, unenhanced and contrast echocardiography. Cineventriculography was evaluated on a 7-segment model. Hypokinesia in one or more segments defined presence of RWMA. Interobserver agreement among three readers was determined within each imaging modality. Intermethod agreement between imaging modalities was analyzed. A standard of truth for the presence of RWMA was obtained by an independent expert panel decision (EPD) based on clinical data, electrocardiogram, coronary angiography, and blinded information from the imaging modalities. Sixty-seven patients were found to have an RWMA by EPD. Interobserver agreement expressed as kappa coefficient was 0.41 (range 0.37 to 0.44) for unenhanced echocardiography, 0.43 (range 0.29 to 0.79) for cMRT, 0.56 (range 0.44 to 0.70) for cineventriculography, and 0.77 (range 0.71 to 0.88) for contrast echocardiography. Contrast enhancement compared to unenhanced echocardiography improved agreement of echocardiography related to cMRI (kappa 0.46 vs. 0.29) and related to cineventriculography (kappa 0.59 vs. 0.28). Accuracy to detect EPD-defined RWMA was highest for contrast echocardiography, followed by cMRI, unenhanced echocardiography, and cineventriculography. Analysis of RWMA is characterized by considerable interobserver variability even using high-quality imaging modalities. Interobserver agreement on RWMA and accuracy to detect panel-defined RWMA is good using contrast echocardiography.</description><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Cineradiography</subject><subject>Contrast Media</subject><subject>Coronary vessels</subject><subject>Echocardiography</subject><subject>Electrocardiography</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart attacks</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Myocardial Contraction</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Observer Variation</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Phospholipids</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Sulfur Hexafluoride</subject><subject>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis</subject><subject>Ventricular Function, Left</subject><issn>0735-1097</issn><issn>1558-3597</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc-O1DAMxiMEYoeFF-CAIiFx2g5xMk1abqsV_6SVuMC5clNnmlGbDEmLNC_Ic5FZhj1wsvz588-WzdhrEFsQoN8ftge0diuFqIuwFSCfsA3UdVOpujVP2UYYVVcgWnPFXuR8EELoBtrn7Aq0arQ2uw37fRtwOmWfeXQ80d7HkvOJ3MJ_UViSt-uEibs12KXUeH_i1gd6rMV9wuN4uuEW0-DR8hn3gRZvCywXVrDEfdF82N9wDANfA4XxLA8PqY0FhHmpHlWyY3yAXdAfOPJ5nQqyzKRUOuYjJl_g55VnWsY45JfsmcMp06tLvGY_Pn38fveluv_2-evd7X01SgNL1WNf76Sk1hE5Y1XjpGpsAwC6R20c2YHszgiN1KBuJaCy1KNTBFK2CtQ1e_eXe0zx50p56WafLU0TBopr7rTRQkF9Nr79z3iIayq3zR3UQoPWTauK683FtfYzDd0xlVulU_fvP-oPwuuZ5g</recordid><startdate>20060103</startdate><enddate>20060103</enddate><creator>Hoffmann, Rainer</creator><creator>von Bardeleben, Stephan</creator><creator>Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D</creator><creator>Borges, Adrian C</creator><creator>ten Cate, Folkert</creator><creator>Firschke, Christian</creator><creator>Lafitte, Stephane</creator><creator>Al-Saadi, Nidal</creator><creator>Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie</creator><creator>Horstick, Georg</creator><creator>Greis, Christian</creator><creator>Engelhardt, Marc</creator><creator>Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis</creator><creator>Becher, Harald</creator><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060103</creationdate><title>Analysis of regional left ventricular function by cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: a multicenter comparison of methods</title><author>Hoffmann, Rainer ; von Bardeleben, Stephan ; Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D ; Borges, Adrian C ; ten Cate, Folkert ; Firschke, Christian ; Lafitte, Stephane ; Al-Saadi, Nidal ; Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie ; Horstick, Georg ; Greis, Christian ; Engelhardt, Marc ; Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis ; Becher, Harald</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-h271t-bab5422e9feef7c38f238c81116ba67fecdec4706ae8a6921a3cebaf3e1229313</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Cineradiography</topic><topic>Contrast Media</topic><topic>Coronary vessels</topic><topic>Echocardiography</topic><topic>Electrocardiography</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart attacks</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Myocardial Contraction</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Observer Variation</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Phospholipids</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Sulfur Hexafluoride</topic><topic>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis</topic><topic>Ventricular Function, Left</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hoffmann, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Bardeleben, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borges, Adrian C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ten Cate, Folkert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Firschke, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lafitte, Stephane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Saadi, Nidal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horstick, Georg</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greis, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engelhardt, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Becher, Harald</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of the American College of Cardiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hoffmann, Rainer</au><au>von Bardeleben, Stephan</au><au>Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D</au><au>Borges, Adrian C</au><au>ten Cate, Folkert</au><au>Firschke, Christian</au><au>Lafitte, Stephane</au><au>Al-Saadi, Nidal</au><au>Kuntz-Hehner, Stefanie</au><au>Horstick, Georg</au><au>Greis, Christian</au><au>Engelhardt, Marc</au><au>Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis</au><au>Becher, Harald</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of regional left ventricular function by cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: a multicenter comparison of methods</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the American College of Cardiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Am Coll Cardiol</addtitle><date>2006-01-03</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>47</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>121</spage><epage>128</epage><pages>121-128</pages><issn>0735-1097</issn><eissn>1558-3597</eissn><abstract>To define the use of cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography for detection of left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). Detection of RWMA is integral to the evaluation of LV function. In 100 patients, cineventriculography and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography were performed. Fifty-six of the patients underwent additional cMRI. RWMA were assessed referring to a 16-segment model for cMRI, unenhanced and contrast echocardiography. Cineventriculography was evaluated on a 7-segment model. Hypokinesia in one or more segments defined presence of RWMA. Interobserver agreement among three readers was determined within each imaging modality. Intermethod agreement between imaging modalities was analyzed. A standard of truth for the presence of RWMA was obtained by an independent expert panel decision (EPD) based on clinical data, electrocardiogram, coronary angiography, and blinded information from the imaging modalities. Sixty-seven patients were found to have an RWMA by EPD. Interobserver agreement expressed as kappa coefficient was 0.41 (range 0.37 to 0.44) for unenhanced echocardiography, 0.43 (range 0.29 to 0.79) for cMRT, 0.56 (range 0.44 to 0.70) for cineventriculography, and 0.77 (range 0.71 to 0.88) for contrast echocardiography. Contrast enhancement compared to unenhanced echocardiography improved agreement of echocardiography related to cMRI (kappa 0.46 vs. 0.29) and related to cineventriculography (kappa 0.59 vs. 0.28). Accuracy to detect EPD-defined RWMA was highest for contrast echocardiography, followed by cMRI, unenhanced echocardiography, and cineventriculography. Analysis of RWMA is characterized by considerable interobserver variability even using high-quality imaging modalities. Interobserver agreement on RWMA and accuracy to detect panel-defined RWMA is good using contrast echocardiography.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Limited</pub><pmid>16386674</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.012</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0735-1097
ispartof Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2006-01, Vol.47 (1), p.121-128
issn 0735-1097
1558-3597
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_67603151
source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Cardiology
Cineradiography
Contrast Media
Coronary vessels
Echocardiography
Electrocardiography
Female
Heart
Heart attacks
Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Myocardial Contraction
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Observer Variation
Older people
Phospholipids
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sulfur Hexafluoride
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis
Ventricular Function, Left
title Analysis of regional left ventricular function by cineventriculography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and unenhanced and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: a multicenter comparison of methods
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-06T20%3A09%3A35IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Analysis%20of%20regional%20left%20ventricular%20function%20by%20cineventriculography,%20cardiac%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging,%20and%20unenhanced%20and%20contrast-enhanced%20echocardiography:%20a%20multicenter%20comparison%20of%20methods&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20the%20American%20College%20of%20Cardiology&rft.au=Hoffmann,%20Rainer&rft.date=2006-01-03&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.epage=128&rft.pages=121-128&rft.issn=0735-1097&rft.eissn=1558-3597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.012&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E67603151%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1506166893&rft_id=info:pmid/16386674&rfr_iscdi=true