Investigation of a Q fever outbreak in a rural area of The Netherlands
A Q fever outbreak occurred in the southeast of The Netherlands in spring and summer 2007. Risk factors for the acquisition of a recent Coxiella burnetii infection were studied. In total, 696 inhabitants in the cluster area were invited to complete a questionnaire and provide a blood sample for sero...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Epidemiology and infection 2009-09, Vol.137 (9), p.1283-1294 |
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| creator | KARAGIANNIS, I. SCHIMMER, B. VAN LIER, A. TIMEN, A. SCHNEEBERGER, P. VAN ROTTERDAM, B. DE BRUIN, A. WIJKMANS, C. RIETVELD, A. VAN DUYNHOVEN, Y. |
| description | A Q fever outbreak occurred in the southeast of The Netherlands in spring and summer 2007. Risk factors for the acquisition of a recent Coxiella burnetii infection were studied. In total, 696 inhabitants in the cluster area were invited to complete a questionnaire and provide a blood sample for serological testing of IgG and IgM phases I and II antibodies against C. burnetii, in order to recruit seronegative controls for a case-control study. Questionnaires were also sent to 35 previously identified clinical cases. Limited environmental sampling focused on two goat farms in the area. Living in the east of the cluster area, in which a positive goat farm, cattle and small ruminants were situated, smoking and contact with agricultural products were associated with a recent infection. Information leaflets were distributed on a large scale to ruminant farms, including hygiene measures to reduce the risk of spread between animals and to humans. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0950268808001908 |
| format | Article |
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Risk factors for the acquisition of a recent Coxiella burnetii infection were studied. In total, 696 inhabitants in the cluster area were invited to complete a questionnaire and provide a blood sample for serological testing of IgG and IgM phases I and II antibodies against C. burnetii, in order to recruit seronegative controls for a case-control study. Questionnaires were also sent to 35 previously identified clinical cases. Limited environmental sampling focused on two goat farms in the area. Living in the east of the cluster area, in which a positive goat farm, cattle and small ruminants were situated, smoking and contact with agricultural products were associated with a recent infection. Information leaflets were distributed on a large scale to ruminant farms, including hygiene measures to reduce the risk of spread between animals and to humans.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-2688</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-4409</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0950268808001908</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19161644</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EPINEU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aerosols ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bacterial diseases ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case control studies ; Cattle ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging - transmission ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemics ; Female ; Fever ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Goats ; Goats - microbiology ; Human and Animal Viruses/Q Fever ; Human bacterial diseases ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Microbiology ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands - epidemiology ; Predisposing factors ; Q fever ; Q Fever - epidemiology ; Q Fever - transmission ; Q Fever - veterinary ; Questionnaires ; Rickettsial diseases ; Risk Factors ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Serology ; Sheep ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tropical bacterial diseases ; weather ; Wild animals ; Young Adult ; Zoonoses - epidemiology ; Zoonoses - transmission</subject><ispartof>Epidemiology and infection, 2009-09, Vol.137 (9), p.1283-1294</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2009 Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>Copyright 2009 Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c600t-ccbd815266ead2efaf58881a66c2cbb6bb1f91210307c753abf34eda78b7b16e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c600t-ccbd815266ead2efaf58881a66c2cbb6bb1f91210307c753abf34eda78b7b16e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/40272155$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/40272155$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,800,27905,27906,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21789538$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19161644$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>KARAGIANNIS, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SCHIMMER, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VAN LIER, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TIMEN, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SCHNEEBERGER, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VAN ROTTERDAM, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DE BRUIN, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WIJKMANS, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RIETVELD, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>VAN DUYNHOVEN, Y.</creatorcontrib><title>Investigation of a Q fever outbreak in a rural area of The Netherlands</title><title>Epidemiology and infection</title><addtitle>Epidemiol. Infect</addtitle><description>A Q fever outbreak occurred in the southeast of The Netherlands in spring and summer 2007. Risk factors for the acquisition of a recent Coxiella burnetii infection were studied. In total, 696 inhabitants in the cluster area were invited to complete a questionnaire and provide a blood sample for serological testing of IgG and IgM phases I and II antibodies against C. burnetii, in order to recruit seronegative controls for a case-control study. Questionnaires were also sent to 35 previously identified clinical cases. Limited environmental sampling focused on two goat farms in the area. Living in the east of the cluster area, in which a positive goat farm, cattle and small ruminants were situated, smoking and contact with agricultural products were associated with a recent infection. Information leaflets were distributed on a large scale to ruminant farms, including hygiene measures to reduce the risk of spread between animals and to humans.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aerosols</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Case control studies</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology</subject><subject>Communicable Diseases, Emerging - transmission</subject><subject>Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary</subject><subject>Disease Outbreaks</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fever</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Goats</subject><subject>Goats - microbiology</subject><subject>Human and Animal Viruses/Q Fever</subject><subject>Human bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Netherlands - epidemiology</subject><subject>Predisposing factors</subject><subject>Q fever</subject><subject>Q Fever - epidemiology</subject><subject>Q Fever - transmission</subject><subject>Q Fever - veterinary</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Rickettsial diseases</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Seroepidemiologic Studies</subject><subject>Serology</subject><subject>Sheep</subject><subject>Smoke</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Tropical bacterial diseases</subject><subject>weather</subject><subject>Wild animals</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Zoonoses - epidemiology</subject><subject>Zoonoses - transmission</subject><issn>0950-2688</issn><issn>1469-4409</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU9v1DAQxS0EokvhA3BoFSHBLTDjxP-OVUW3RSugarlwsWzHabPNJsVOKvrt62ijrURVcRpp3m-e5s0Q8h7hMwKKLxegGFAuJUgAVCBfkAWWXOVlCeolWUxyPul75E2MawBQVIrXZA8VcuRluSAnZ92dj0NzZYam77K-zkx2ntX-zoesHwcbvLnJmi51wxhMm5nUmKjLa59998O1D63pqviWvKpNG_27ue6TXydfL49P89WP5dnx0Sp3HGDInbOVREY596aivjY1k1Ki4dxRZy23FmuFFKEA4QQrjK2L0ldGSCsscl_sk09b39vQ_xnT4nrTROfbtITvx6i5YLwEUfwXpECpVEol8MM_4LofQ5dCJIYx4CXyBOEWcqGPMfha34ZmY8K9RtDTK_STV6SZw9l4tBtfPU7Mt0_Axxkw0Zm2DqZzTdxxFIVUrJiMDrbcOg592OklUEGRsaTnW72Jg_-70024SecoBNN8ea7V6c_fF8sV6m-JL-YwZmNDU135x8jPx3kAmkS2yQ</recordid><startdate>20090901</startdate><enddate>20090901</enddate><creator>KARAGIANNIS, I.</creator><creator>SCHIMMER, B.</creator><creator>VAN LIER, A.</creator><creator>TIMEN, A.</creator><creator>SCHNEEBERGER, P.</creator><creator>VAN ROTTERDAM, B.</creator><creator>DE BRUIN, A.</creator><creator>WIJKMANS, C.</creator><creator>RIETVELD, A.</creator><creator>VAN DUYNHOVEN, Y.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090901</creationdate><title>Investigation of a Q fever outbreak in a rural area of The Netherlands</title><author>KARAGIANNIS, I. ; SCHIMMER, B. ; VAN LIER, A. ; TIMEN, A. ; SCHNEEBERGER, P. ; VAN ROTTERDAM, B. ; DE BRUIN, A. ; WIJKMANS, C. ; RIETVELD, A. ; VAN DUYNHOVEN, Y.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c600t-ccbd815266ead2efaf58881a66c2cbb6bb1f91210307c753abf34eda78b7b16e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aerosols</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case control studies</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology</topic><topic>Communicable Diseases, Emerging - transmission</topic><topic>Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary</topic><topic>Disease Outbreaks</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fever</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Infect</addtitle><date>2009-09-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>137</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1283</spage><epage>1294</epage><pages>1283-1294</pages><issn>0950-2688</issn><eissn>1469-4409</eissn><coden>EPINEU</coden><abstract>A Q fever outbreak occurred in the southeast of The Netherlands in spring and summer 2007. Risk factors for the acquisition of a recent Coxiella burnetii infection were studied. In total, 696 inhabitants in the cluster area were invited to complete a questionnaire and provide a blood sample for serological testing of IgG and IgM phases I and II antibodies against C. burnetii, in order to recruit seronegative controls for a case-control study. Questionnaires were also sent to 35 previously identified clinical cases. Limited environmental sampling focused on two goat farms in the area. Living in the east of the cluster area, in which a positive goat farm, cattle and small ruminants were situated, smoking and contact with agricultural products were associated with a recent infection. Information leaflets were distributed on a large scale to ruminant farms, including hygiene measures to reduce the risk of spread between animals and to humans.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>19161644</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0950268808001908</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Epidemiology and infection, 2009-09, Vol.137 (9), p.1283-1294 |
| issn | 0950-2688 1469-4409 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aerosols Aged Aged, 80 and over Animals Bacterial diseases Biological and medical sciences Case control studies Cattle Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology Communicable Diseases, Emerging - transmission Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary Disease Outbreaks Epidemics Female Fever Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Goats Goats - microbiology Human and Animal Viruses/Q Fever Human bacterial diseases Humans Incidence Infections Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences Microbiology Middle Aged Netherlands - epidemiology Predisposing factors Q fever Q Fever - epidemiology Q Fever - transmission Q Fever - veterinary Questionnaires Rickettsial diseases Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Serology Sheep Smoke Smoking Tropical bacterial diseases weather Wild animals Young Adult Zoonoses - epidemiology Zoonoses - transmission |
| title | Investigation of a Q fever outbreak in a rural area of The Netherlands |
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