Effects of ectopic pacing on repolarization of the chicken left ventricle
Effects of ectopic pacing on left ventricular repolarization were studied in six anesthetized open-chest chickens. In each animal, unipolar electrograms were acquired from as many as 98 sites with 14 plunge needles (seven transmural locations between epicardium and endocardium in each needle). Activ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Physiological research 2009-01, Vol.58 (3), p.351-361 |
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| creator | Kharin, S N Shmakov, D N Antonova, N A |
| description | Effects of ectopic pacing on left ventricular repolarization were studied in six anesthetized open-chest chickens. In each animal, unipolar electrograms were acquired from as many as 98 sites with 14 plunge needles (seven transmural locations between epicardium and endocardium in each needle). Activation-recovery intervals (ARIs), corrected to the cycle length, were used for estimating repolarization. At baseline, the nonuniform ARI distribution in the left ventricle resulted in the apicobasal differences being greater than the transmural gradient. Nonuniform ARI prolongation caused by ectopic pacing resulted in decreasing the transmural repolarization gradient and increasing the differences in the apex-to-base direction. The basal, but not apical transmural differences contributed to the total left ventricular transmural gradient. The total left ventricular apicobasal gradient was contributed by the apicobasal differences in mid-myocardial and subendocardial layers more than in subepicardial ones. Thus, in in situ chicken hearts, the transmural and apicobasal ARI gradients exist within the left ventricle with the shortest ARIs in the basal subepicardium and the longest ARIs in the subendocardium of the apical and middle parts of the left ventricle. Apicobasal compared to transmural heterogeneity of local repolarization properties contributes more to the total left ventricular repolarization gradient. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.33549/physiolres.931514 |
| format | Article |
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In each animal, unipolar electrograms were acquired from as many as 98 sites with 14 plunge needles (seven transmural locations between epicardium and endocardium in each needle). Activation-recovery intervals (ARIs), corrected to the cycle length, were used for estimating repolarization. At baseline, the nonuniform ARI distribution in the left ventricle resulted in the apicobasal differences being greater than the transmural gradient. Nonuniform ARI prolongation caused by ectopic pacing resulted in decreasing the transmural repolarization gradient and increasing the differences in the apex-to-base direction. The basal, but not apical transmural differences contributed to the total left ventricular transmural gradient. The total left ventricular apicobasal gradient was contributed by the apicobasal differences in mid-myocardial and subendocardial layers more than in subepicardial ones. Thus, in in situ chicken hearts, the transmural and apicobasal ARI gradients exist within the left ventricle with the shortest ARIs in the basal subepicardium and the longest ARIs in the subendocardium of the apical and middle parts of the left ventricle. Apicobasal compared to transmural heterogeneity of local repolarization properties contributes more to the total left ventricular repolarization gradient.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0862-8408</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1802-9973</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.931514</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18637705</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Czech Republic: Institute of Physiology</publisher><subject>Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; Cardiology ; Chickens ; Electrocardiography ; Electrodes ; Endocardium - physiology ; Epoxy resins ; Female ; Heart Conduction System - physiology ; Heart Rate ; Laboratory animals ; Nervous system ; Pericardium - physiology ; Poultry ; Sinuses ; Time Factors ; Ventricular Function, Left</subject><ispartof>Physiological research, 2009-01, Vol.58 (3), p.351-361</ispartof><rights>Copyright Institute of Physiology 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,861,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18637705$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kharin, S N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shmakov, D N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antonova, N A</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of ectopic pacing on repolarization of the chicken left ventricle</title><title>Physiological research</title><addtitle>Physiol Res</addtitle><description>Effects of ectopic pacing on left ventricular repolarization were studied in six anesthetized open-chest chickens. In each animal, unipolar electrograms were acquired from as many as 98 sites with 14 plunge needles (seven transmural locations between epicardium and endocardium in each needle). Activation-recovery intervals (ARIs), corrected to the cycle length, were used for estimating repolarization. At baseline, the nonuniform ARI distribution in the left ventricle resulted in the apicobasal differences being greater than the transmural gradient. Nonuniform ARI prolongation caused by ectopic pacing resulted in decreasing the transmural repolarization gradient and increasing the differences in the apex-to-base direction. The basal, but not apical transmural differences contributed to the total left ventricular transmural gradient. The total left ventricular apicobasal gradient was contributed by the apicobasal differences in mid-myocardial and subendocardial layers more than in subepicardial ones. Thus, in in situ chicken hearts, the transmural and apicobasal ARI gradients exist within the left ventricle with the shortest ARIs in the basal subepicardium and the longest ARIs in the subendocardium of the apical and middle parts of the left ventricle. Apicobasal compared to transmural heterogeneity of local repolarization properties contributes more to the total left ventricular repolarization gradient.</description><subject>Action Potentials</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cardiac Pacing, Artificial</subject><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Chickens</subject><subject>Electrocardiography</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Endocardium - physiology</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart Conduction System - physiology</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>Pericardium - physiology</subject><subject>Poultry</subject><subject>Sinuses</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Ventricular Function, Left</subject><issn>0862-8408</issn><issn>1802-9973</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkEtLw0AUhQdRbK3-ARcyuHCXOq_MYymlaqHgRtdhOrmxU9NMnEmE-utNbUFwdbnwncPhQ-iakinnuTD37XqXfKgjpKnhNKfiBI2pJiwzRvFTNCZaskwLokfoIqUNIUwRxc_RiGrJlSL5GC3mVQWuSzhUeLih9Q631vnmHYcGR2hDbaP_tp0f3oHp1oDd2rsPaHANVYe_oOmidzVcorPK1gmujneC3h7nr7PnbPnytJg9LDPHGe8yrSy1VCkhWc6FFSDlsNKUypQrWoG11kBpSkeYliCdFMxKBbqyUjgtlOYTdHfobWP47CF1xdYnB3VtGwh9KqQaRFCyB2__gZvQx2bYVjDKqKb7BRPEDpCLIaUIVdFGv7VxV1BS_Fou_iwXB8tD6ObY3K-2UP5Fjlr5D-ElevY</recordid><startdate>20090101</startdate><enddate>20090101</enddate><creator>Kharin, S N</creator><creator>Shmakov, D N</creator><creator>Antonova, N A</creator><general>Institute of Physiology</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BYOGL</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090101</creationdate><title>Effects of ectopic pacing on repolarization of the chicken left ventricle</title><author>Kharin, S N ; Shmakov, D N ; Antonova, N A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c323t-87a1a177462534a4e668629d79db1feaaa9ed9dc0286e6c642a67e8fa64c84783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Action Potentials</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cardiac Pacing, Artificial</topic><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Chickens</topic><topic>Electrocardiography</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Endocardium - physiology</topic><topic>Epoxy resins</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart Conduction System - physiology</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>Laboratory animals</topic><topic>Nervous system</topic><topic>Pericardium - physiology</topic><topic>Poultry</topic><topic>Sinuses</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Ventricular Function, Left</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kharin, S N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shmakov, D N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antonova, N A</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>East Europe, Central Europe Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Physiological research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kharin, S N</au><au>Shmakov, D N</au><au>Antonova, N A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of ectopic pacing on repolarization of the chicken left ventricle</atitle><jtitle>Physiological research</jtitle><addtitle>Physiol Res</addtitle><date>2009-01-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>58</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>351</spage><epage>361</epage><pages>351-361</pages><issn>0862-8408</issn><eissn>1802-9973</eissn><abstract>Effects of ectopic pacing on left ventricular repolarization were studied in six anesthetized open-chest chickens. In each animal, unipolar electrograms were acquired from as many as 98 sites with 14 plunge needles (seven transmural locations between epicardium and endocardium in each needle). Activation-recovery intervals (ARIs), corrected to the cycle length, were used for estimating repolarization. At baseline, the nonuniform ARI distribution in the left ventricle resulted in the apicobasal differences being greater than the transmural gradient. Nonuniform ARI prolongation caused by ectopic pacing resulted in decreasing the transmural repolarization gradient and increasing the differences in the apex-to-base direction. The basal, but not apical transmural differences contributed to the total left ventricular transmural gradient. The total left ventricular apicobasal gradient was contributed by the apicobasal differences in mid-myocardial and subendocardial layers more than in subepicardial ones. Thus, in in situ chicken hearts, the transmural and apicobasal ARI gradients exist within the left ventricle with the shortest ARIs in the basal subepicardium and the longest ARIs in the subendocardium of the apical and middle parts of the left ventricle. Apicobasal compared to transmural heterogeneity of local repolarization properties contributes more to the total left ventricular repolarization gradient.</abstract><cop>Czech Republic</cop><pub>Institute of Physiology</pub><pmid>18637705</pmid><doi>10.33549/physiolres.931514</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Action Potentials Animals Cardiac Pacing, Artificial Cardiology Chickens Electrocardiography Electrodes Endocardium - physiology Epoxy resins Female Heart Conduction System - physiology Heart Rate Laboratory animals Nervous system Pericardium - physiology Poultry Sinuses Time Factors Ventricular Function, Left |
| title | Effects of ectopic pacing on repolarization of the chicken left ventricle |
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