Beneficial Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning in Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy: The Role of Neutrophils

HYPOTHESES Temporary vascular clampage (Pringle maneuver) during liver surgery can cause ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this process, activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) might play a major role. Thus, we investigated the effects of hepatic ischemic preconditioning on PMNL functions....

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Veröffentlicht in:Archives of surgery (Chicago. 1960) 2005-02, Vol.140 (2), p.129-136
Hauptverfasser: Choukèr, Alexander, Martignoni, André, Schauer, Rolf, Dugas, Martin, Rau, Horst-Günther, Jauch, Karl-Walter, Peter, Klaus, Thiel, Manfred
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container_end_page 136
container_issue 2
container_start_page 129
container_title Archives of surgery (Chicago. 1960)
container_volume 140
creator Choukèr, Alexander
Martignoni, André
Schauer, Rolf
Dugas, Martin
Rau, Horst-Günther
Jauch, Karl-Walter
Peter, Klaus
Thiel, Manfred
description HYPOTHESES Temporary vascular clampage (Pringle maneuver) during liver surgery can cause ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this process, activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) might play a major role. Thus, we investigated the effects of hepatic ischemic preconditioning on PMNL functions. DESIGN Prospective randomized study. Patients who underwent partial liver resection were randomly assigned to 3 groups: group 1 without Pringle maneuver; group 2 with Pringle maneuver, and group 3 with ischemic preconditioning using 10 minutes of ischemia and 10 minutes of reperfusion prior to Pringle maneuver for resection. SETTING University hospital, Munich, Germany. PATIENTS Seventy-five patients underwent hepatic surgery mostly owing to metastasis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Perioperative factors for PMNL activation, inflammation, and postoperative hepatocellular integrity. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion of the human liver (mean ± SD time to perform the Pringle maneuver, 35.5 ± 2.6 minutes) caused (1) a decrease in the number of circulating PMNLs, (2) their intrahepatic sequestration, (3) their systemic activation, and (4) a significant correlation between the degree of their postischemic activation and the postoperative rise in liver enzyme serum levels. In parallel, cytokines with proinflammatory and chemotactic properties were released reaching the highest values when stimulation of PMNLs was most pronounced. When ischemic preconditioning preceded the Pringle maneuver, activation of PMNLs and cytokine plasma levels was reduced as evidenced by the attenuation of superoxide anion production, β2-integrin up-regulation, and interleukin 8 serum concentrations, followed by a significant reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase levels on the first and second postoperative days. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate in humans that ischemic preconditioning reduces activation of PMNLs elicited by the Pringle maneuver. The down-regulation of potentially cytotoxic functions of PMNLs might be one of yet unknown important pathways that altogether mediate protection by ischemic preconditioning.Arch Surg. 2005;140:129-136-->
doi_str_mv 10.1001/archsurg.140.2.129
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In this process, activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) might play a major role. Thus, we investigated the effects of hepatic ischemic preconditioning on PMNL functions. DESIGN Prospective randomized study. Patients who underwent partial liver resection were randomly assigned to 3 groups: group 1 without Pringle maneuver; group 2 with Pringle maneuver, and group 3 with ischemic preconditioning using 10 minutes of ischemia and 10 minutes of reperfusion prior to Pringle maneuver for resection. SETTING University hospital, Munich, Germany. PATIENTS Seventy-five patients underwent hepatic surgery mostly owing to metastasis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Perioperative factors for PMNL activation, inflammation, and postoperative hepatocellular integrity. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion of the human liver (mean ± SD time to perform the Pringle maneuver, 35.5 ± 2.6 minutes) caused (1) a decrease in the number of circulating PMNLs, (2) their intrahepatic sequestration, (3) their systemic activation, and (4) a significant correlation between the degree of their postischemic activation and the postoperative rise in liver enzyme serum levels. In parallel, cytokines with proinflammatory and chemotactic properties were released reaching the highest values when stimulation of PMNLs was most pronounced. When ischemic preconditioning preceded the Pringle maneuver, activation of PMNLs and cytokine plasma levels was reduced as evidenced by the attenuation of superoxide anion production, β2-integrin up-regulation, and interleukin 8 serum concentrations, followed by a significant reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase levels on the first and second postoperative days. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate in humans that ischemic preconditioning reduces activation of PMNLs elicited by the Pringle maneuver. The down-regulation of potentially cytotoxic functions of PMNLs might be one of yet unknown important pathways that altogether mediate protection by ischemic preconditioning.Arch Surg. 2005;140:129-136--&gt;</description><identifier>ISSN: 0004-0010</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2168-6254</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-3644</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2168-6262</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.140.2.129</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15723993</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ARSUAX</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: American Medical Association</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; CD18 Antigens - blood ; Female ; General aspects ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Injuries ; Interleukin-8 - blood ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Leukocytes ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms - secondary ; Liver Neoplasms - surgery ; Liver, biliary tract, pancreas, portal circulation, spleen ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophil Activation - physiology ; Neutrophils - physiology ; Peroxidase - blood ; Prospective Studies ; Reperfusion Injury - physiopathology ; Risk factors ; Surgery ; Surgery (general aspects). 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In this process, activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) might play a major role. Thus, we investigated the effects of hepatic ischemic preconditioning on PMNL functions. DESIGN Prospective randomized study. Patients who underwent partial liver resection were randomly assigned to 3 groups: group 1 without Pringle maneuver; group 2 with Pringle maneuver, and group 3 with ischemic preconditioning using 10 minutes of ischemia and 10 minutes of reperfusion prior to Pringle maneuver for resection. SETTING University hospital, Munich, Germany. PATIENTS Seventy-five patients underwent hepatic surgery mostly owing to metastasis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Perioperative factors for PMNL activation, inflammation, and postoperative hepatocellular integrity. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion of the human liver (mean ± SD time to perform the Pringle maneuver, 35.5 ± 2.6 minutes) caused (1) a decrease in the number of circulating PMNLs, (2) their intrahepatic sequestration, (3) their systemic activation, and (4) a significant correlation between the degree of their postischemic activation and the postoperative rise in liver enzyme serum levels. In parallel, cytokines with proinflammatory and chemotactic properties were released reaching the highest values when stimulation of PMNLs was most pronounced. When ischemic preconditioning preceded the Pringle maneuver, activation of PMNLs and cytokine plasma levels was reduced as evidenced by the attenuation of superoxide anion production, β2-integrin up-regulation, and interleukin 8 serum concentrations, followed by a significant reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase levels on the first and second postoperative days. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate in humans that ischemic preconditioning reduces activation of PMNLs elicited by the Pringle maneuver. 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In this process, activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) might play a major role. Thus, we investigated the effects of hepatic ischemic preconditioning on PMNL functions. DESIGN Prospective randomized study. Patients who underwent partial liver resection were randomly assigned to 3 groups: group 1 without Pringle maneuver; group 2 with Pringle maneuver, and group 3 with ischemic preconditioning using 10 minutes of ischemia and 10 minutes of reperfusion prior to Pringle maneuver for resection. SETTING University hospital, Munich, Germany. PATIENTS Seventy-five patients underwent hepatic surgery mostly owing to metastasis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Perioperative factors for PMNL activation, inflammation, and postoperative hepatocellular integrity. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion of the human liver (mean ± SD time to perform the Pringle maneuver, 35.5 ± 2.6 minutes) caused (1) a decrease in the number of circulating PMNLs, (2) their intrahepatic sequestration, (3) their systemic activation, and (4) a significant correlation between the degree of their postischemic activation and the postoperative rise in liver enzyme serum levels. In parallel, cytokines with proinflammatory and chemotactic properties were released reaching the highest values when stimulation of PMNLs was most pronounced. When ischemic preconditioning preceded the Pringle maneuver, activation of PMNLs and cytokine plasma levels was reduced as evidenced by the attenuation of superoxide anion production, β2-integrin up-regulation, and interleukin 8 serum concentrations, followed by a significant reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase levels on the first and second postoperative days. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate in humans that ischemic preconditioning reduces activation of PMNLs elicited by the Pringle maneuver. The down-regulation of potentially cytotoxic functions of PMNLs might be one of yet unknown important pathways that altogether mediate protection by ischemic preconditioning.Arch Surg. 2005;140:129-136--&gt;</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>American Medical Association</pub><pmid>15723993</pmid><doi>10.1001/archsurg.140.2.129</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Biological and medical sciences
CD18 Antigens - blood
Female
General aspects
Hepatectomy
Humans
Injuries
Interleukin-8 - blood
Ischemic Preconditioning
Leukocytes
Liver
Liver Neoplasms - secondary
Liver Neoplasms - surgery
Liver, biliary tract, pancreas, portal circulation, spleen
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Neutrophil Activation - physiology
Neutrophils - physiology
Peroxidase - blood
Prospective Studies
Reperfusion Injury - physiopathology
Risk factors
Surgery
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Surgery of the digestive system
title Beneficial Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning in Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy: The Role of Neutrophils
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