Effect of Nitric Oxide on Ethylene Synthesis and Softening of Banana Fruit Slice during Ripening
The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on ethylene synthesis and softening of ripening-initiated banana slice were investigated. Fruit firmness, color, and contents of starch and acid-soluble pectin (ASP) were measured. In addition, ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content,...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2009-07, Vol.57 (13), p.5799-5804 |
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description | The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on ethylene synthesis and softening of ripening-initiated banana slice were investigated. Fruit firmness, color, and contents of starch and acid-soluble pectin (ASP) were measured. In addition, ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, expression and activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), and activities of cell-wall-modifying enzymes, polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methylesterase (PME), and endo-β-1,4-glucanase, were analyzed. Application of NO reduced ethylene production, inhibited degreening of the peel and delayed softening of the pulp. The decrease of ethylene production was associated with the reduction in the activity of ACO and the expression of the MA-ACO1 gene. Moreover, the NO-treated fruit showed a lower expression of the MA-ACS1 gene but higher ACS activity and ACC content. In addition, NO treatment decreased the activities of PG, PME, and endo-β-1,4-glucanase and maintained higher contents of ASP and starch, which may account for the delay of softening. We proposed that the inhibition of ACO activity and transcription of gene MA-ACO1 by NO resulted in decreased ethylene synthesis and the delay of ripening of banana slice. |
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Fruit firmness, color, and contents of starch and acid-soluble pectin (ASP) were measured. In addition, ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, expression and activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), and activities of cell-wall-modifying enzymes, polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methylesterase (PME), and endo-β-1,4-glucanase, were analyzed. Application of NO reduced ethylene production, inhibited degreening of the peel and delayed softening of the pulp. The decrease of ethylene production was associated with the reduction in the activity of ACO and the expression of the MA-ACO1 gene. Moreover, the NO-treated fruit showed a lower expression of the MA-ACS1 gene but higher ACS activity and ACC content. In addition, NO treatment decreased the activities of PG, PME, and endo-β-1,4-glucanase and maintained higher contents of ASP and starch, which may account for the delay of softening. We proposed that the inhibition of ACO activity and transcription of gene MA-ACO1 by NO resulted in decreased ethylene synthesis and the delay of ripening of banana slice.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8561</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/jf901173n</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19534461</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAFCAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase ; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - antagonists & inhibitors ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - genetics ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - metabolism ; aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase ; bananas ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemical Changes Induced by Processing/Storage ; color ; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase ; enzyme activity ; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology ; ethylene ; ethylene production ; Ethylenes - biosynthesis ; firmness ; Food industries ; fresh-cut foods ; Fruit - chemistry ; Fruit - growth & development ; Fruit - metabolism ; Fruit and vegetable industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gene expression ; Gene Expression - drug effects ; Lyases - genetics ; Lyases - metabolism ; Musa ; nitric oxide ; Nitric Oxide - pharmacology ; pectinesterase ; pectins ; Pectins - analysis ; polygalacturonase ; postharvest physiology ; ripening ; starch ; Starch - analysis ; transcription (genetics)</subject><ispartof>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2009-07, Vol.57 (13), p.5799-5804</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a367t-1548d05bae548eeb48c7844fd5df186adce5a769477e34ead7c650011b38ac5e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a367t-1548d05bae548eeb48c7844fd5df186adce5a769477e34ead7c650011b38ac5e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf901173n$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf901173n$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,2763,27075,27923,27924,56737,56787</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22082464$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19534461$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Guiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, En</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Wangjin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jia, Yongxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Yueming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Xuewu</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of Nitric Oxide on Ethylene Synthesis and Softening of Banana Fruit Slice during Ripening</title><title>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</title><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><description>The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on ethylene synthesis and softening of ripening-initiated banana slice were investigated. Fruit firmness, color, and contents of starch and acid-soluble pectin (ASP) were measured. In addition, ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, expression and activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), and activities of cell-wall-modifying enzymes, polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methylesterase (PME), and endo-β-1,4-glucanase, were analyzed. Application of NO reduced ethylene production, inhibited degreening of the peel and delayed softening of the pulp. The decrease of ethylene production was associated with the reduction in the activity of ACO and the expression of the MA-ACO1 gene. Moreover, the NO-treated fruit showed a lower expression of the MA-ACS1 gene but higher ACS activity and ACC content. In addition, NO treatment decreased the activities of PG, PME, and endo-β-1,4-glucanase and maintained higher contents of ASP and starch, which may account for the delay of softening. We proposed that the inhibition of ACO activity and transcription of gene MA-ACO1 by NO resulted in decreased ethylene synthesis and the delay of ripening of banana slice.</description><subject>1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase</subject><subject>1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid</subject><subject>Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - genetics</subject><subject>Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - metabolism</subject><subject>aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase</subject><subject>bananas</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemical Changes Induced by Processing/Storage</subject><subject>color</subject><subject>endo-1,4-beta-glucanase</subject><subject>enzyme activity</subject><subject>Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology</subject><subject>ethylene</subject><subject>ethylene production</subject><subject>Ethylenes - biosynthesis</subject><subject>firmness</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>fresh-cut foods</subject><subject>Fruit - chemistry</subject><subject>Fruit - growth & development</subject><subject>Fruit - metabolism</subject><subject>Fruit and vegetable industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression - drug effects</subject><subject>Lyases - genetics</subject><subject>Lyases - metabolism</subject><subject>Musa</subject><subject>nitric oxide</subject><subject>Nitric Oxide - pharmacology</subject><subject>pectinesterase</subject><subject>pectins</subject><subject>Pectins - analysis</subject><subject>polygalacturonase</subject><subject>postharvest physiology</subject><subject>ripening</subject><subject>starch</subject><subject>Starch - analysis</subject><subject>transcription (genetics)</subject><issn>0021-8561</issn><issn>1520-5118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpt0M1OGzEUBWALFZWUdtEXaL2hEouhvjP-yxJQKJUQSKSsB8e-BkcTT7BnJPL2dZoINpUXtnQ_H9mHkK_AzoDV8HPppwxANfGATEDUrBIA-gOZsDKstJBwRD7lvGSMaaHYR3IEU9FwLmFCHmfeox1o7-ltGFKw9O41OKR9pLPhedNhRDrfxOEZc8jUREfnvR8whvi0vXNhYln0Ko1hoPMuWKRuTNvhfVj_U5_JoTddxi_7_Zg8XM3-XF5XN3e_fl-e31SmkWqoQHDtmFgYLAfEBddWac69E86DlsZZFEbJKVcKG47GKSsFK79eNNpYgc0x-bHLXaf-ZcQ8tKuQLXadidiPuZWKN1NZQ4GnO2hTn3NC365TWJm0aYG12zrbtzqL_bYPHRcrdO9y318BJ3tgsjWdTybakN9cXTNdc8mL-75z3vSteUrFPMxrBg0DKQTj9XuSsbld9mOKpa3_POkv-pWRkA</recordid><startdate>20090708</startdate><enddate>20090708</enddate><creator>Cheng, Guiping</creator><creator>Yang, En</creator><creator>Lu, Wangjin</creator><creator>Jia, Yongxia</creator><creator>Jiang, Yueming</creator><creator>Duan, Xuewu</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090708</creationdate><title>Effect of Nitric Oxide on Ethylene Synthesis and Softening of Banana Fruit Slice during Ripening</title><author>Cheng, Guiping ; Yang, En ; Lu, Wangjin ; Jia, Yongxia ; Jiang, Yueming ; Duan, Xuewu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a367t-1548d05bae548eeb48c7844fd5df186adce5a769477e34ead7c650011b38ac5e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase</topic><topic>1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid</topic><topic>Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - genetics</topic><topic>Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - metabolism</topic><topic>aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase</topic><topic>bananas</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chemical Changes Induced by Processing/Storage</topic><topic>color</topic><topic>endo-1,4-beta-glucanase</topic><topic>enzyme activity</topic><topic>Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology</topic><topic>ethylene</topic><topic>ethylene production</topic><topic>Ethylenes - biosynthesis</topic><topic>firmness</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>fresh-cut foods</topic><topic>Fruit - chemistry</topic><topic>Fruit - growth & development</topic><topic>Fruit - metabolism</topic><topic>Fruit and vegetable industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression - drug effects</topic><topic>Lyases - genetics</topic><topic>Lyases - metabolism</topic><topic>Musa</topic><topic>nitric oxide</topic><topic>Nitric Oxide - pharmacology</topic><topic>pectinesterase</topic><topic>pectins</topic><topic>Pectins - analysis</topic><topic>polygalacturonase</topic><topic>postharvest physiology</topic><topic>ripening</topic><topic>starch</topic><topic>Starch - analysis</topic><topic>transcription (genetics)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Guiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, En</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Wangjin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jia, Yongxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Yueming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Xuewu</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cheng, Guiping</au><au>Yang, En</au><au>Lu, Wangjin</au><au>Jia, Yongxia</au><au>Jiang, Yueming</au><au>Duan, Xuewu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Nitric Oxide on Ethylene Synthesis and Softening of Banana Fruit Slice during Ripening</atitle><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><date>2009-07-08</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>57</volume><issue>13</issue><spage>5799</spage><epage>5804</epage><pages>5799-5804</pages><issn>0021-8561</issn><eissn>1520-5118</eissn><coden>JAFCAU</coden><abstract>The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on ethylene synthesis and softening of ripening-initiated banana slice were investigated. Fruit firmness, color, and contents of starch and acid-soluble pectin (ASP) were measured. In addition, ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, expression and activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), and activities of cell-wall-modifying enzymes, polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methylesterase (PME), and endo-β-1,4-glucanase, were analyzed. Application of NO reduced ethylene production, inhibited degreening of the peel and delayed softening of the pulp. The decrease of ethylene production was associated with the reduction in the activity of ACO and the expression of the MA-ACO1 gene. Moreover, the NO-treated fruit showed a lower expression of the MA-ACS1 gene but higher ACS activity and ACC content. In addition, NO treatment decreased the activities of PG, PME, and endo-β-1,4-glucanase and maintained higher contents of ASP and starch, which may account for the delay of softening. We proposed that the inhibition of ACO activity and transcription of gene MA-ACO1 by NO resulted in decreased ethylene synthesis and the delay of ripening of banana slice.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>19534461</pmid><doi>10.1021/jf901173n</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - antagonists & inhibitors Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - genetics Amino Acid Oxidoreductases - metabolism aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase bananas Biological and medical sciences Chemical Changes Induced by Processing/Storage color endo-1,4-beta-glucanase enzyme activity Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology ethylene ethylene production Ethylenes - biosynthesis firmness Food industries fresh-cut foods Fruit - chemistry Fruit - growth & development Fruit - metabolism Fruit and vegetable industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gene expression Gene Expression - drug effects Lyases - genetics Lyases - metabolism Musa nitric oxide Nitric Oxide - pharmacology pectinesterase pectins Pectins - analysis polygalacturonase postharvest physiology ripening starch Starch - analysis transcription (genetics) |
title | Effect of Nitric Oxide on Ethylene Synthesis and Softening of Banana Fruit Slice during Ripening |
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