Viridans streptococci in endocarditis and neutropenic sepsis: biofilm formation and effects of antibiotics
Objectives: Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are a frequent cause of bacterial endocarditis or sepsis in patients with neutropenia. Endocarditis in particular, is associated with plaque formation on the endocardium and valve leaflets whereas VGS septicaemia in neutropenic patients is caused by the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2005-01, Vol.55 (1), p.45-50 |
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| creator | Presterl, E. Grisold, A. J. Reichmann, S. Hirschl, A. M. Georgopoulos, A. Graninger, W. |
| description | Objectives: Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are a frequent cause of bacterial endocarditis or sepsis in patients with neutropenia. Endocarditis in particular, is associated with plaque formation on the endocardium and valve leaflets whereas VGS septicaemia in neutropenic patients is caused by the influx of oral flora bacteria through mucositic lesions. This study examined the in vitro potency for biofilm formation of clinical VGS bloodstream isolates, and the effects of antibiotics on these biofilms. Methods: During the years 1998–2000, 40 VGS bloodstream isolates from 18 patients with endocarditis and 22 patients with severe sepsis and neutropenia were collected. The MICs of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were determined using the microdilution broth method according to NCCLS criteria. Biofilms were grown in microtitre plates, dyed with Crystal Violet, and the mean optical density (OD) was used for quantification. Biofilms were incubated with penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin at various concentrations starting with the MICs for the respective isolates tested. Results: Isolates from eight out of 18 patients with endocarditis and six out of 22 patients with neutropenia formed biofilms (not significant). For the 14 isolates, the MIC90s (range) of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were 0.5 mg/L (0.001–0.5), 0.125 mg/L (0.025–0.125) and 0.5 mg/L (0.05–0.5), respectively. Generally, biofilms persisted although incubated with the antibiotics up to concentrations of 128× MIC. However, the ODs of biofilms after incubation with an antibiotic were significantly lower than the ODs of biofilms without antibiotic (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jac/dkh479 |
| format | Article |
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J. ; Reichmann, S. ; Hirschl, A. M. ; Georgopoulos, A. ; Graninger, W.</creator><creatorcontrib>Presterl, E. ; Grisold, A. J. ; Reichmann, S. ; Hirschl, A. M. ; Georgopoulos, A. ; Graninger, W.</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives: Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are a frequent cause of bacterial endocarditis or sepsis in patients with neutropenia. Endocarditis in particular, is associated with plaque formation on the endocardium and valve leaflets whereas VGS septicaemia in neutropenic patients is caused by the influx of oral flora bacteria through mucositic lesions. This study examined the in vitro potency for biofilm formation of clinical VGS bloodstream isolates, and the effects of antibiotics on these biofilms. Methods: During the years 1998–2000, 40 VGS bloodstream isolates from 18 patients with endocarditis and 22 patients with severe sepsis and neutropenia were collected. The MICs of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were determined using the microdilution broth method according to NCCLS criteria. Biofilms were grown in microtitre plates, dyed with Crystal Violet, and the mean optical density (OD) was used for quantification. Biofilms were incubated with penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin at various concentrations starting with the MICs for the respective isolates tested. Results: Isolates from eight out of 18 patients with endocarditis and six out of 22 patients with neutropenia formed biofilms (not significant). For the 14 isolates, the MIC90s (range) of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were 0.5 mg/L (0.001–0.5), 0.125 mg/L (0.025–0.125) and 0.5 mg/L (0.05–0.5), respectively. Generally, biofilms persisted although incubated with the antibiotics up to concentrations of 128× MIC. However, the ODs of biofilms after incubation with an antibiotic were significantly lower than the ODs of biofilms without antibiotic (P<0.05). A significant decrease in the biofilms with increasing antibiotic concentrations was observed for teicoplanin and moxifloxacin, but not for penicillin G. Conclusions: VGS isolated from patients with endocarditis and patients with sepsis and neutropenia form biofilms. Biofilms persist even when exposed to antibiotics at concentrations up to 128× MIC. Nevertheless, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin reduced the density of the biofilms at concentrations ≥16×MIC. Thus, testing the effects of antibiotics on biofilms may supply useful information in addition to standard in vitro testing, particularly in diseases where biofilm formation is involved in the pathogenesis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-7453</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2091</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh479</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15563519</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JACHDX</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents ; Aza Compounds - pharmacology ; Bacteremia - microbiology ; Biofilms - drug effects ; Biofilms - growth & development ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood - microbiology ; Culture Media ; Endocarditis, Bacterial - microbiology ; Female ; Fluoroquinolones ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods ; Middle Aged ; moxifloxacin ; neutropenia ; Neutropenia - complications ; penicillin ; Penicillins - pharmacology ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Quinolines - pharmacology ; Streptococcal Infections - microbiology ; teicoplanin ; Teicoplanin - pharmacology ; Viridans Streptococci - drug effects ; Viridans Streptococci - growth & development</subject><ispartof>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2005-01, Vol.55 (1), p.45-50</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press(England) Jan 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-f01deaab7cccd8dc80d1ee880bb07c61c8ea5c354d3e8bcef1ba0d306e62a3a93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c447t-f01deaab7cccd8dc80d1ee880bb07c61c8ea5c354d3e8bcef1ba0d306e62a3a93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4010,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16452039$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15563519$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Presterl, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grisold, A. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reichmann, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirschl, A. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Georgopoulos, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graninger, W.</creatorcontrib><title>Viridans streptococci in endocarditis and neutropenic sepsis: biofilm formation and effects of antibiotics</title><title>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</title><addtitle>J. Antimicrob. Chemother</addtitle><description>Objectives: Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are a frequent cause of bacterial endocarditis or sepsis in patients with neutropenia. Endocarditis in particular, is associated with plaque formation on the endocardium and valve leaflets whereas VGS septicaemia in neutropenic patients is caused by the influx of oral flora bacteria through mucositic lesions. This study examined the in vitro potency for biofilm formation of clinical VGS bloodstream isolates, and the effects of antibiotics on these biofilms. Methods: During the years 1998–2000, 40 VGS bloodstream isolates from 18 patients with endocarditis and 22 patients with severe sepsis and neutropenia were collected. The MICs of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were determined using the microdilution broth method according to NCCLS criteria. Biofilms were grown in microtitre plates, dyed with Crystal Violet, and the mean optical density (OD) was used for quantification. Biofilms were incubated with penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin at various concentrations starting with the MICs for the respective isolates tested. Results: Isolates from eight out of 18 patients with endocarditis and six out of 22 patients with neutropenia formed biofilms (not significant). For the 14 isolates, the MIC90s (range) of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were 0.5 mg/L (0.001–0.5), 0.125 mg/L (0.025–0.125) and 0.5 mg/L (0.05–0.5), respectively. Generally, biofilms persisted although incubated with the antibiotics up to concentrations of 128× MIC. However, the ODs of biofilms after incubation with an antibiotic were significantly lower than the ODs of biofilms without antibiotic (P<0.05). A significant decrease in the biofilms with increasing antibiotic concentrations was observed for teicoplanin and moxifloxacin, but not for penicillin G. Conclusions: VGS isolated from patients with endocarditis and patients with sepsis and neutropenia form biofilms. Biofilms persist even when exposed to antibiotics at concentrations up to 128× MIC. Nevertheless, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin reduced the density of the biofilms at concentrations ≥16×MIC. Thus, testing the effects of antibiotics on biofilms may supply useful information in addition to standard in vitro testing, particularly in diseases where biofilm formation is involved in the pathogenesis.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents</subject><subject>Aza Compounds - pharmacology</subject><subject>Bacteremia - microbiology</subject><subject>Biofilms - drug effects</subject><subject>Biofilms - growth & development</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood - microbiology</subject><subject>Culture Media</subject><subject>Endocarditis, Bacterial - microbiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluoroquinolones</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>moxifloxacin</subject><subject>neutropenia</subject><subject>Neutropenia - complications</subject><subject>penicillin</subject><subject>Penicillins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Quinolines - pharmacology</subject><subject>Streptococcal Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>teicoplanin</subject><subject>Teicoplanin - pharmacology</subject><subject>Viridans Streptococci - drug effects</subject><subject>Viridans Streptococci - growth & development</subject><issn>0305-7453</issn><issn>1460-2091</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0UGL1TAQB_AgivtcvfgBpAh6EOomTZO03mRR38IDLyqLl5BOJpi3bVKTFNZvv32-xy548TQM82Ng5k_IS0bfM9rzi72BC3vzq1X9I7JhraR1Q3v2mGwop6JWreBn5FnOe0qpFLJ7Ss6YEJIL1m_I_odP3pqQq1wSziVCBPCVDxUGG8Ek64vPlQm2CriUFGcMHqqMc_b5QzX46Pw4VS6myRQfw1-JziGUXEW3tsWvqHjIz8kTZ8aML071nHz__Onb5bbeff1ydflxV0PbqlI7yiwaMygAsJ2FjlqG2HV0GKgCyaBDI4CL1nLsBkDHBkMtpxJlY7jp-Tl5e9w7p_h7wVz05DPgOJqAcclaKt6ujxH_hUx1ouftAb7-B-7jksJ6hG6YkoqJRq7o3RFBijkndHpOfjLpj2ZUH3LSa076mNOKX502LsOE9oGeglnBmxMwGczokgng84OTrWgoP7j66HwueHs_N-nmcKcSenv9Uzd8K9T1rtEdvwNl-a1n</recordid><startdate>200501</startdate><enddate>200501</enddate><creator>Presterl, E.</creator><creator>Grisold, A. 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Antiparasitic agents</topic><topic>Aza Compounds - pharmacology</topic><topic>Bacteremia - microbiology</topic><topic>Biofilms - drug effects</topic><topic>Biofilms - growth & development</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood - microbiology</topic><topic>Culture Media</topic><topic>Endocarditis, Bacterial - microbiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluoroquinolones</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>moxifloxacin</topic><topic>neutropenia</topic><topic>Neutropenia - complications</topic><topic>penicillin</topic><topic>Penicillins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Pharmacology. 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M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Georgopoulos, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graninger, W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Presterl, E.</au><au>Grisold, A. J.</au><au>Reichmann, S.</au><au>Hirschl, A. M.</au><au>Georgopoulos, A.</au><au>Graninger, W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Viridans streptococci in endocarditis and neutropenic sepsis: biofilm formation and effects of antibiotics</atitle><jtitle>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</jtitle><addtitle>J. Antimicrob. Chemother</addtitle><date>2005-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>55</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>45</spage><epage>50</epage><pages>45-50</pages><issn>0305-7453</issn><eissn>1460-2091</eissn><coden>JACHDX</coden><abstract>Objectives: Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are a frequent cause of bacterial endocarditis or sepsis in patients with neutropenia. Endocarditis in particular, is associated with plaque formation on the endocardium and valve leaflets whereas VGS septicaemia in neutropenic patients is caused by the influx of oral flora bacteria through mucositic lesions. This study examined the in vitro potency for biofilm formation of clinical VGS bloodstream isolates, and the effects of antibiotics on these biofilms. Methods: During the years 1998–2000, 40 VGS bloodstream isolates from 18 patients with endocarditis and 22 patients with severe sepsis and neutropenia were collected. The MICs of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were determined using the microdilution broth method according to NCCLS criteria. Biofilms were grown in microtitre plates, dyed with Crystal Violet, and the mean optical density (OD) was used for quantification. Biofilms were incubated with penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin at various concentrations starting with the MICs for the respective isolates tested. Results: Isolates from eight out of 18 patients with endocarditis and six out of 22 patients with neutropenia formed biofilms (not significant). For the 14 isolates, the MIC90s (range) of penicillin, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin were 0.5 mg/L (0.001–0.5), 0.125 mg/L (0.025–0.125) and 0.5 mg/L (0.05–0.5), respectively. Generally, biofilms persisted although incubated with the antibiotics up to concentrations of 128× MIC. However, the ODs of biofilms after incubation with an antibiotic were significantly lower than the ODs of biofilms without antibiotic (P<0.05). A significant decrease in the biofilms with increasing antibiotic concentrations was observed for teicoplanin and moxifloxacin, but not for penicillin G. Conclusions: VGS isolated from patients with endocarditis and patients with sepsis and neutropenia form biofilms. Biofilms persist even when exposed to antibiotics at concentrations up to 128× MIC. Nevertheless, teicoplanin and moxifloxacin reduced the density of the biofilms at concentrations ≥16×MIC. Thus, testing the effects of antibiotics on biofilms may supply useful information in addition to standard in vitro testing, particularly in diseases where biofilm formation is involved in the pathogenesis.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>15563519</pmid><doi>10.1093/jac/dkh479</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents Aza Compounds - pharmacology Bacteremia - microbiology Biofilms - drug effects Biofilms - growth & development Biological and medical sciences Blood - microbiology Culture Media Endocarditis, Bacterial - microbiology Female Fluoroquinolones Humans Male Medical sciences Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods Middle Aged moxifloxacin neutropenia Neutropenia - complications penicillin Penicillins - pharmacology Pharmacology. Drug treatments Quinolines - pharmacology Streptococcal Infections - microbiology teicoplanin Teicoplanin - pharmacology Viridans Streptococci - drug effects Viridans Streptococci - growth & development |
| title | Viridans streptococci in endocarditis and neutropenic sepsis: biofilm formation and effects of antibiotics |
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