Evidence for Heme Oxygenase Activity in a Heme Peroxidase

The heme peroxidase and heme oxygenase enzymes share a common heme prosthetic group but catalyze fundamentally different reactions, the first being H2O2-dependent oxidation of substrate using an oxidized Compound I intermediate, and the second O2-dependent degradation of heme. It has been proposed that these enzymes utilize a common reaction intermediate, a ferric hydroperoxide species, that sits at a crossroads in the mechanism and beyond which there are two mutually exclusive mechanistic pathways. Here, we present evidence to support this proposal in a heme peroxidase. Hence, we describe kinetic data for a variant of ascorbate peroxidase (W41A) which reacts slowly with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and does not form the usual peroxidase Compound I intermediate; instead, structural data show that a product is formed in which the heme has been cleaved at the α-meso position, analogous to the heme oxygenase mechanism. We interpret this to mean that the Compound I (peroxidase) pathway is shut down, so that instead the reaction intermediate diverts through the alternative (heme oxygenase) route. A mechanism for formation of the product is proposed and discussed in the light of what is known about the heme oxygenase reaction mechanism.