Biological Effects of Electrolyzed Water in Hemodialysis
Background/Aims: The application of electrolyzed water (EW) at the cathode side to manufacture reverse osmosis (RO) water and hemodialysis (HD) solution can actually lead to less oxidative capacity in chemical terms. The present study examined the biological actions of this water on human polymorpho...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nephron. Clinical practice 2009-01, Vol.112 (1), p.c9-c15 |
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| creator | Nakayama, Masaaki Kabayama, Shigeru Nakano, Hirofumi Zhu, Wan-Jun Terawaki, Hiroyuki Nakayama, Keisuke Katoh, Kiyoshi Satoh, Toshinobu Ito, Sadayoshi |
| description | Background/Aims: The application of electrolyzed water (EW) at the cathode side to manufacture reverse osmosis (RO) water and hemodialysis (HD) solution can actually lead to less oxidative capacity in chemical terms. The present study examined the biological actions of this water on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the clinical feasibility of applying this technology to HD treatment. Methods: RO water using EW (e-RO) exhibited less chemiluminescence in luminol-hydrogen peroxide and higher dissolved hydrogen levels (–99.0 ppb) compared with control RO water. The effects of e-RO on PMN viability were tested. HD using e-RO was performed for 12 consecutive sessions in 8 patients for the feasibility test. Results: Basal cellular viability and function to generate superoxide radicals of PMNs were better preserved by e-RO application. In the clinical trial, reductions of blood pressure were noted, but no adverse events were observed. There were no changes in the blood dialysis parameters, although methylguanidine levels were significantly decreased at the end of study. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the capacity of e-RO to preserve the viability of PMNs, and the clinical feasibility of applying this water for HD treatment. The clinical application of this technology may improve the bio-compatibility of HD treatment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1159/000210569 |
| format | Article |
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The present study examined the biological actions of this water on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the clinical feasibility of applying this technology to HD treatment. Methods: RO water using EW (e-RO) exhibited less chemiluminescence in luminol-hydrogen peroxide and higher dissolved hydrogen levels (–99.0 ppb) compared with control RO water. The effects of e-RO on PMN viability were tested. HD using e-RO was performed for 12 consecutive sessions in 8 patients for the feasibility test. Results: Basal cellular viability and function to generate superoxide radicals of PMNs were better preserved by e-RO application. In the clinical trial, reductions of blood pressure were noted, but no adverse events were observed. There were no changes in the blood dialysis parameters, although methylguanidine levels were significantly decreased at the end of study. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the capacity of e-RO to preserve the viability of PMNs, and the clinical feasibility of applying this water for HD treatment. The clinical application of this technology may improve the bio-compatibility of HD treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-2110</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-2110</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1159/000210569</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19342864</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel, Switzerland</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Cytochromes c - metabolism ; Electrodes ; Electrolysis ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Hemodialysis Solutions - analysis ; Hemodialysis Solutions - pharmacology ; Hemodynamics - drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic - blood ; Kidney Failure, Chronic - therapy ; Luminescent Measurements ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils - drug effects ; Neutrophils - metabolism ; Original Paper ; Osmosis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Pyruvaldehyde - blood ; Renal Dialysis ; Respiratory Burst - drug effects ; Superoxides - metabolism ; Water - chemistry ; Water - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>Nephron. Clinical practice, 2009-01, Vol.112 (1), p.c9-c15</ispartof><rights>2009 S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><rights>Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-8e2855c6ee717dad54f6446d3b41faf8c66b384efd63e8d6f3f69fc7b9a48dfc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-8e2855c6ee717dad54f6446d3b41faf8c66b384efd63e8d6f3f69fc7b9a48dfc3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2423,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342864$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Masaaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabayama, Shigeru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakano, Hirofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Wan-Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Terawaki, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Keisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katoh, Kiyoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Satoh, Toshinobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Sadayoshi</creatorcontrib><title>Biological Effects of Electrolyzed Water in Hemodialysis</title><title>Nephron. Clinical practice</title><addtitle>Nephron Clin Pract</addtitle><description>Background/Aims: The application of electrolyzed water (EW) at the cathode side to manufacture reverse osmosis (RO) water and hemodialysis (HD) solution can actually lead to less oxidative capacity in chemical terms. The present study examined the biological actions of this water on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the clinical feasibility of applying this technology to HD treatment. Methods: RO water using EW (e-RO) exhibited less chemiluminescence in luminol-hydrogen peroxide and higher dissolved hydrogen levels (–99.0 ppb) compared with control RO water. The effects of e-RO on PMN viability were tested. HD using e-RO was performed for 12 consecutive sessions in 8 patients for the feasibility test. Results: Basal cellular viability and function to generate superoxide radicals of PMNs were better preserved by e-RO application. In the clinical trial, reductions of blood pressure were noted, but no adverse events were observed. There were no changes in the blood dialysis parameters, although methylguanidine levels were significantly decreased at the end of study. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the capacity of e-RO to preserve the viability of PMNs, and the clinical feasibility of applying this water for HD treatment. The clinical application of this technology may improve the bio-compatibility of HD treatment.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Cytochromes c - metabolism</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Electrolysis</subject><subject>Feasibility Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hemodialysis Solutions - analysis</subject><subject>Hemodialysis Solutions - pharmacology</subject><subject>Hemodynamics - drug effects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Kidney Failure, Chronic - blood</subject><subject>Kidney Failure, Chronic - therapy</subject><subject>Luminescent Measurements</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neutrophils - drug effects</subject><subject>Neutrophils - metabolism</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Osmosis</subject><subject>Oxidation-Reduction</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress</subject><subject>Pyruvaldehyde - blood</subject><subject>Renal Dialysis</subject><subject>Respiratory Burst - drug effects</subject><subject>Superoxides - metabolism</subject><subject>Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Water - pharmacology</subject><issn>1660-2110</issn><issn>1660-2110</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpN0DFPwzAQBWALgWgpDOwIZUJiCNixYzsjrQpFqsQCYowc-1wZnLrY6VB-PUGNCtO94bs3PIQuCb4jpKzuMcYFwSWvjtCYcI7zghB8_C-P0FlKH73qWXWKRqSirJCcjZGcuuDDymnls7m1oLuUBZvNfZ9i8LtvMNm76iBmbp0toA3GKb9LLp2jE6t8govhTtDb4_x1tsiXL0_Ps4dlrqnAXS6hkGWpOYAgwihTMssZ44Y2jFhlpea8oZKBNZyCNNxSyyurRVMpJo3VdIJu9r2bGL62kLq6dUmD92oNYZtqLgqBS1H18HYPdQwpRbD1JrpWxV1NcP07U32YqbfXQ-m2acH8yWGXHlztwaeKK4gHMPz_AL4cavc</recordid><startdate>20090101</startdate><enddate>20090101</enddate><creator>Nakayama, Masaaki</creator><creator>Kabayama, Shigeru</creator><creator>Nakano, Hirofumi</creator><creator>Zhu, Wan-Jun</creator><creator>Terawaki, Hiroyuki</creator><creator>Nakayama, Keisuke</creator><creator>Katoh, Kiyoshi</creator><creator>Satoh, Toshinobu</creator><creator>Ito, Sadayoshi</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090101</creationdate><title>Biological Effects of Electrolyzed Water in Hemodialysis</title><author>Nakayama, Masaaki ; Kabayama, Shigeru ; Nakano, Hirofumi ; Zhu, Wan-Jun ; Terawaki, Hiroyuki ; Nakayama, Keisuke ; Katoh, Kiyoshi ; Satoh, Toshinobu ; Ito, Sadayoshi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-8e2855c6ee717dad54f6446d3b41faf8c66b384efd63e8d6f3f69fc7b9a48dfc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Cytochromes c - metabolism</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Electrolysis</topic><topic>Feasibility Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hemodialysis Solutions - analysis</topic><topic>Hemodialysis Solutions - pharmacology</topic><topic>Hemodynamics - drug effects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kidney Failure, Chronic - blood</topic><topic>Kidney Failure, Chronic - therapy</topic><topic>Luminescent Measurements</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neutrophils - drug effects</topic><topic>Neutrophils - metabolism</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Osmosis</topic><topic>Oxidation-Reduction</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress</topic><topic>Pyruvaldehyde - blood</topic><topic>Renal Dialysis</topic><topic>Respiratory Burst - drug effects</topic><topic>Superoxides - metabolism</topic><topic>Water - chemistry</topic><topic>Water - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Masaaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabayama, Shigeru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakano, Hirofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Wan-Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Terawaki, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Keisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katoh, Kiyoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Satoh, Toshinobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Sadayoshi</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Nephron. Clinical practice</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nakayama, Masaaki</au><au>Kabayama, Shigeru</au><au>Nakano, Hirofumi</au><au>Zhu, Wan-Jun</au><au>Terawaki, Hiroyuki</au><au>Nakayama, Keisuke</au><au>Katoh, Kiyoshi</au><au>Satoh, Toshinobu</au><au>Ito, Sadayoshi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Biological Effects of Electrolyzed Water in Hemodialysis</atitle><jtitle>Nephron. Clinical practice</jtitle><addtitle>Nephron Clin Pract</addtitle><date>2009-01-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>c9</spage><epage>c15</epage><pages>c9-c15</pages><issn>1660-2110</issn><eissn>1660-2110</eissn><abstract>Background/Aims: The application of electrolyzed water (EW) at the cathode side to manufacture reverse osmosis (RO) water and hemodialysis (HD) solution can actually lead to less oxidative capacity in chemical terms. The present study examined the biological actions of this water on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the clinical feasibility of applying this technology to HD treatment. Methods: RO water using EW (e-RO) exhibited less chemiluminescence in luminol-hydrogen peroxide and higher dissolved hydrogen levels (–99.0 ppb) compared with control RO water. The effects of e-RO on PMN viability were tested. HD using e-RO was performed for 12 consecutive sessions in 8 patients for the feasibility test. Results: Basal cellular viability and function to generate superoxide radicals of PMNs were better preserved by e-RO application. In the clinical trial, reductions of blood pressure were noted, but no adverse events were observed. There were no changes in the blood dialysis parameters, although methylguanidine levels were significantly decreased at the end of study. 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| subjects | Adult Aged Cytochromes c - metabolism Electrodes Electrolysis Feasibility Studies Female Hemodialysis Solutions - analysis Hemodialysis Solutions - pharmacology Hemodynamics - drug effects Humans Kidney Failure, Chronic - blood Kidney Failure, Chronic - therapy Luminescent Measurements Male Middle Aged Neutrophils - drug effects Neutrophils - metabolism Original Paper Osmosis Oxidation-Reduction Oxidative Stress Pyruvaldehyde - blood Renal Dialysis Respiratory Burst - drug effects Superoxides - metabolism Water - chemistry Water - pharmacology |
| title | Biological Effects of Electrolyzed Water in Hemodialysis |
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