Vaginal gel adsorption and retention by human vaginal cells: Visual analysis by means of inorganic and organic markers
To improve efficiency and prolong protection, modern gynecological preparations frequently incorporate polymeric molecules that add a certain degree of viscosity in order to increase adhesion with vaginal cells and prolong local delivery of active molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of pharmaceutics 2009-05, Vol.373 (1), p.10-15 |
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| creator | Braga, Pier Carlo Dal Sasso, Monica Spallino, Alessandra Sturla, Carla Culici, Maria |
| description | To improve efficiency and prolong protection, modern gynecological preparations frequently incorporate polymeric molecules that add a certain degree of viscosity in order to increase adhesion with vaginal cells and prolong local delivery of active molecules.
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of visualising the ability of a commercial medicated gynecological gel to bind to and be retained by human vaginal cells. The gel formulation included the essential oils of
Thymus vulgaris and
Eugenia cariophylla, which contain active molecules such as thymol and eugenol that are known to have useful antibacterial and antimycotic activities.
The adherence of different dilutions of the gel to human vaginal cells was visualised by means of Nomarski interference contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy using ferric oxide particles and
Escherichia coli as inorganic and organic markers, both of which made it possible to visualise the binding of the thin transparent layer of gel and the retaining effect, which was proportional to the degree of dilution. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.01.021 |
| format | Article |
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The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of visualising the ability of a commercial medicated gynecological gel to bind to and be retained by human vaginal cells. The gel formulation included the essential oils of
Thymus vulgaris and
Eugenia cariophylla, which contain active molecules such as thymol and eugenol that are known to have useful antibacterial and antimycotic activities.
The adherence of different dilutions of the gel to human vaginal cells was visualised by means of Nomarski interference contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy using ferric oxide particles and
Escherichia coli as inorganic and organic markers, both of which made it possible to visualise the binding of the thin transparent layer of gel and the retaining effect, which was proportional to the degree of dilution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-5173</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3476</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.01.021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19429283</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJPHDE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adsorption ; Adult ; Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects ; Biological and medical sciences ; Elasticity ; Epithelial Cells - cytology ; Epithelial Cells - metabolism ; Epithelial Cells - microbiology ; Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli - cytology ; Eugenia ; Eugenol ; Female ; Ferric Compounds - metabolism ; Ferric oxide particles ; General pharmacology ; Humans ; Medical sciences ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Middle Aged ; Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Retention ; Rheology ; Saugella gel ; Thymol ; Thymus vulgaris ; Vagina - cytology ; Vagina - metabolism ; Vaginal cells ; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - analysis ; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - chemistry ; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacokinetics ; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacology ; Viscosity ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>International journal of pharmaceutics, 2009-05, Vol.373 (1), p.10-15</ispartof><rights>2009 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f62cf1f79c6c3066d7f9b8d32bd18bfa6a6803d47b3f80b252bfb9360c92fea23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f62cf1f79c6c3066d7f9b8d32bd18bfa6a6803d47b3f80b252bfb9360c92fea23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037851730900060X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21544762$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19429283$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Braga, Pier Carlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dal Sasso, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spallino, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sturla, Carla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Culici, Maria</creatorcontrib><title>Vaginal gel adsorption and retention by human vaginal cells: Visual analysis by means of inorganic and organic markers</title><title>International journal of pharmaceutics</title><addtitle>Int J Pharm</addtitle><description>To improve efficiency and prolong protection, modern gynecological preparations frequently incorporate polymeric molecules that add a certain degree of viscosity in order to increase adhesion with vaginal cells and prolong local delivery of active molecules.
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of visualising the ability of a commercial medicated gynecological gel to bind to and be retained by human vaginal cells. The gel formulation included the essential oils of
Thymus vulgaris and
Eugenia cariophylla, which contain active molecules such as thymol and eugenol that are known to have useful antibacterial and antimycotic activities.
The adherence of different dilutions of the gel to human vaginal cells was visualised by means of Nomarski interference contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy using ferric oxide particles and
Escherichia coli as inorganic and organic markers, both of which made it possible to visualise the binding of the thin transparent layer of gel and the retaining effect, which was proportional to the degree of dilution.</description><subject>Adsorption</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Elasticity</subject><subject>Epithelial Cells - cytology</subject><subject>Epithelial Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Epithelial Cells - microbiology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - cytology</subject><subject>Eugenia</subject><subject>Eugenol</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Ferric Compounds - metabolism</subject><subject>Ferric oxide particles</subject><subject>General pharmacology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Retention</subject><subject>Rheology</subject><subject>Saugella gel</subject><subject>Thymol</subject><subject>Thymus vulgaris</subject><subject>Vagina - cytology</subject><subject>Vagina - metabolism</subject><subject>Vaginal cells</subject><subject>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - analysis</subject><subject>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - chemistry</subject><subject>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacology</subject><subject>Viscosity</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0378-5173</issn><issn>1873-3476</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU9v1DAQxS0EokvhI4B8gVvC2M7aCRdUVVCQKnGBXi3_3XpJnMVOVtpvj9MN5diTPdZv3jzPQ-gtgZoA4R_3ddgf7lUaagrQ1UBqoOQZ2pBWsIo1gj9HG2CirbZEsAv0Kuc9AHBK2Et0QbqGdrRlG3S8U7sQVY93rsfK5jEdpjBGrKLFyU0uPlT6hO_nQUV8XGnj-j5_wnchz6VS5emUQ164wamY8ehxiGPaqRjMg9a_-6DSb5fya_TCqz67N-t5iX59_fLz-lt1--Pm-_XVbWUa2kyV59R44kVnuGHAuRW-061lVFvSaq-44i0w2wjNfAuabqn2umMcTEe9U5Rdog9n3UMa_8wuT3IIeTGvohvnLLmgTJR1PglS4A0Dtihuz6BJY87JeXlIofzqJAnIJRm5l2sycklGApElmdL3bh0w68HZ_11rFAV4vwIqG9X7pKIJ-ZGjZNuUVBcDn8-cK3s7BpdkNsFF42xIzkzSjuEJK38BEm6wsA</recordid><startdate>20090521</startdate><enddate>20090521</enddate><creator>Braga, Pier Carlo</creator><creator>Dal Sasso, Monica</creator><creator>Spallino, Alessandra</creator><creator>Sturla, Carla</creator><creator>Culici, Maria</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090521</creationdate><title>Vaginal gel adsorption and retention by human vaginal cells: Visual analysis by means of inorganic and organic markers</title><author>Braga, Pier Carlo ; Dal Sasso, Monica ; Spallino, Alessandra ; Sturla, Carla ; Culici, Maria</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-f62cf1f79c6c3066d7f9b8d32bd18bfa6a6803d47b3f80b252bfb9360c92fea23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adsorption</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Elasticity</topic><topic>Epithelial Cells - cytology</topic><topic>Epithelial Cells - metabolism</topic><topic>Epithelial Cells - microbiology</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - cytology</topic><topic>Eugenia</topic><topic>Eugenol</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Ferric Compounds - metabolism</topic><topic>Ferric oxide particles</topic><topic>General pharmacology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Retention</topic><topic>Rheology</topic><topic>Saugella gel</topic><topic>Thymol</topic><topic>Thymus vulgaris</topic><topic>Vagina - cytology</topic><topic>Vagina - metabolism</topic><topic>Vaginal cells</topic><topic>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - analysis</topic><topic>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - chemistry</topic><topic>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacology</topic><topic>Viscosity</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Braga, Pier Carlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dal Sasso, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spallino, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sturla, Carla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Culici, Maria</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of pharmaceutics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Braga, Pier Carlo</au><au>Dal Sasso, Monica</au><au>Spallino, Alessandra</au><au>Sturla, Carla</au><au>Culici, Maria</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Vaginal gel adsorption and retention by human vaginal cells: Visual analysis by means of inorganic and organic markers</atitle><jtitle>International journal of pharmaceutics</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Pharm</addtitle><date>2009-05-21</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>373</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>10</spage><epage>15</epage><pages>10-15</pages><issn>0378-5173</issn><eissn>1873-3476</eissn><coden>IJPHDE</coden><abstract>To improve efficiency and prolong protection, modern gynecological preparations frequently incorporate polymeric molecules that add a certain degree of viscosity in order to increase adhesion with vaginal cells and prolong local delivery of active molecules.
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of visualising the ability of a commercial medicated gynecological gel to bind to and be retained by human vaginal cells. The gel formulation included the essential oils of
Thymus vulgaris and
Eugenia cariophylla, which contain active molecules such as thymol and eugenol that are known to have useful antibacterial and antimycotic activities.
The adherence of different dilutions of the gel to human vaginal cells was visualised by means of Nomarski interference contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy using ferric oxide particles and
Escherichia coli as inorganic and organic markers, both of which made it possible to visualise the binding of the thin transparent layer of gel and the retaining effect, which was proportional to the degree of dilution.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>19429283</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.01.021</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adsorption Adult Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects Biological and medical sciences Elasticity Epithelial Cells - cytology Epithelial Cells - metabolism Epithelial Cells - microbiology Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - cytology Eugenia Eugenol Female Ferric Compounds - metabolism Ferric oxide particles General pharmacology Humans Medical sciences Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Middle Aged Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry Pharmacology. Drug treatments Retention Rheology Saugella gel Thymol Thymus vulgaris Vagina - cytology Vagina - metabolism Vaginal cells Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - analysis Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - chemistry Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacokinetics Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacology Viscosity Young Adult |
| title | Vaginal gel adsorption and retention by human vaginal cells: Visual analysis by means of inorganic and organic markers |
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