Expression and Functional Role of CCR9 in Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion

Purpose: Metastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths; hence, therapies designed to minimize metastasis are greatly needed. The precise cellular and molecular mechanisms used by cancer cells for metastasis are not fully understood; however, the metastatic spread of neoplastic cells is pr...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical cancer research 2004-12, Vol.10 (24), p.8743-8750
Hauptverfasser: SINGH, Shailesh, SINGH, Udai P, STILES, Jonathan K, GRIZZLE, William E, LILLARD, James W
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container_end_page 8750
container_issue 24
container_start_page 8743
container_title Clinical cancer research
container_volume 10
creator SINGH, Shailesh
SINGH, Udai P
STILES, Jonathan K
GRIZZLE, William E
LILLARD, James W
description Purpose: Metastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths; hence, therapies designed to minimize metastasis are greatly needed. The precise cellular and molecular mechanisms used by cancer cells for metastasis are not fully understood; however, the metastatic spread of neoplastic cells is probably related to the ability of these cells to migrate, invade, home, and survive locally. The migration of tumor cells shares many similarities with leukocyte trafficking, which is regulated by chemokine receptor–ligand interactions. The current study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of CCL25 and CCR9 in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Experimental Design: In the current study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry analysis, and in vitro migration as well as invasion chamber analysis (with and without antibody-mediated inhibition) were used to ascertain the biological and functional significance of CCR9 expression by normal prostatic epithelial cells (PrEC) or prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP-10995 and PC3). Results: We report that functional CCR9 is highly expressed by LNCaP cells and modestly, yet significantly, expressed by PC3 cells when compared with PrEC cells. Neutralization of CCL25–CCR9 interactions impaired the migration and invasion potential of the LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. CCL25 differentially modulated the expression of collagenase-1 or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromalysin-2 (MMP-10), stromalysin-3 (MMP-11), and gelatinase-A (MMP-2), but not MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, or MMP-14 in prostate cancer cells. Conclusions: These studies suggest that the expression and activation of CCR9 affect cancer cell migration, invasion, and MMP expression, which together may affect prostate cancer metastasis.
doi_str_mv 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0266
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The precise cellular and molecular mechanisms used by cancer cells for metastasis are not fully understood; however, the metastatic spread of neoplastic cells is probably related to the ability of these cells to migrate, invade, home, and survive locally. The migration of tumor cells shares many similarities with leukocyte trafficking, which is regulated by chemokine receptor–ligand interactions. The current study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of CCL25 and CCR9 in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Experimental Design: In the current study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry analysis, and in vitro migration as well as invasion chamber analysis (with and without antibody-mediated inhibition) were used to ascertain the biological and functional significance of CCR9 expression by normal prostatic epithelial cells (PrEC) or prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP-10995 and PC3). Results: We report that functional CCR9 is highly expressed by LNCaP cells and modestly, yet significantly, expressed by PC3 cells when compared with PrEC cells. Neutralization of CCL25–CCR9 interactions impaired the migration and invasion potential of the LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. CCL25 differentially modulated the expression of collagenase-1 or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromalysin-2 (MMP-10), stromalysin-3 (MMP-11), and gelatinase-A (MMP-2), but not MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, or MMP-14 in prostate cancer cells. 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Obstetrics ; Humans ; Male ; Male genital diseases ; Matrix Metalloproteinases - genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism ; Medical sciences ; Neoplasm Invasiveness - pathology ; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Prostate - metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms - genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology ; Receptors, CCR ; Receptors, Chemokine - genetics ; Receptors, Chemokine - metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger - analysis ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumors ; Tumors of the urinary system ; Urinary tract. 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The precise cellular and molecular mechanisms used by cancer cells for metastasis are not fully understood; however, the metastatic spread of neoplastic cells is probably related to the ability of these cells to migrate, invade, home, and survive locally. The migration of tumor cells shares many similarities with leukocyte trafficking, which is regulated by chemokine receptor–ligand interactions. The current study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of CCL25 and CCR9 in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Experimental Design: In the current study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry analysis, and in vitro migration as well as invasion chamber analysis (with and without antibody-mediated inhibition) were used to ascertain the biological and functional significance of CCR9 expression by normal prostatic epithelial cells (PrEC) or prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP-10995 and PC3). Results: We report that functional CCR9 is highly expressed by LNCaP cells and modestly, yet significantly, expressed by PC3 cells when compared with PrEC cells. Neutralization of CCL25–CCR9 interactions impaired the migration and invasion potential of the LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. CCL25 differentially modulated the expression of collagenase-1 or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromalysin-2 (MMP-10), stromalysin-3 (MMP-11), and gelatinase-A (MMP-2), but not MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, or MMP-14 in prostate cancer cells. Conclusions: These studies suggest that the expression and activation of CCR9 affect cancer cell migration, invasion, and MMP expression, which together may affect prostate cancer metastasis.</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Adenocarcinoma - secondary</subject><subject>Antineoplastic agents</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell Movement</subject><subject>Chemokines, CC - genetics</subject><subject>Chemokines, CC - metabolism</subject><subject>Epithelial Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Flow Cytometry</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Male genital diseases</subject><subject>Matrix Metalloproteinases - genetics</subject><subject>Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Neoplasm Invasiveness - pathology</subject><subject>Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Prostate - metabolism</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - genetics</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Receptors, CCR</subject><subject>Receptors, Chemokine - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Chemokine - metabolism</subject><subject>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - analysis</subject><subject>Tumor Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Tumors of the urinary system</subject><subject>Urinary tract. 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Prostate gland</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>SINGH, Shailesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SINGH, Udai P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>STILES, Jonathan K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GRIZZLE, William E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LILLARD, James W</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical cancer research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>SINGH, Shailesh</au><au>SINGH, Udai P</au><au>STILES, Jonathan K</au><au>GRIZZLE, William E</au><au>LILLARD, James W</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Expression and Functional Role of CCR9 in Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion</atitle><jtitle>Clinical cancer research</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Cancer Res</addtitle><date>2004-12-15</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>8743</spage><epage>8750</epage><pages>8743-8750</pages><issn>1078-0432</issn><eissn>1557-3265</eissn><abstract>Purpose: Metastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths; hence, therapies designed to minimize metastasis are greatly needed. 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Results: We report that functional CCR9 is highly expressed by LNCaP cells and modestly, yet significantly, expressed by PC3 cells when compared with PrEC cells. Neutralization of CCL25–CCR9 interactions impaired the migration and invasion potential of the LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. CCL25 differentially modulated the expression of collagenase-1 or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromalysin-2 (MMP-10), stromalysin-3 (MMP-11), and gelatinase-A (MMP-2), but not MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, or MMP-14 in prostate cancer cells. Conclusions: These studies suggest that the expression and activation of CCR9 affect cancer cell migration, invasion, and MMP expression, which together may affect prostate cancer metastasis.</abstract><cop>Philadelphia, PA</cop><pub>American Association for Cancer Research</pub><pmid>15623660</pmid><doi>10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0266</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adenocarcinoma - metabolism
Adenocarcinoma - secondary
Antineoplastic agents
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Movement
Chemokines, CC - genetics
Chemokines, CC - metabolism
Epithelial Cells - metabolism
Flow Cytometry
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Male
Male genital diseases
Matrix Metalloproteinases - genetics
Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism
Medical sciences
Neoplasm Invasiveness - pathology
Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prostate - metabolism
Prostatic Neoplasms - genetics
Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism
Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology
Receptors, CCR
Receptors, Chemokine - genetics
Receptors, Chemokine - metabolism
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger - analysis
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Tumors
Tumors of the urinary system
Urinary tract. Prostate gland
title Expression and Functional Role of CCR9 in Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion
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