Prophylactic effect of Andrographis paniculata extracts against Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus)

Six herbs were assessed for their antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae, a major fish pathogen causing streptococcosis. Each herb was extracted with 3 solvents: water, 95% ethanol, and methanol. Using swab paper disc assays, aqueous extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Allium sa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 2009-05, Vol.107 (5), p.579-582
Hauptverfasser: Rattanachaikunsopon, Pongsak, Phumkhachorn, Parichat
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description Six herbs were assessed for their antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae, a major fish pathogen causing streptococcosis. Each herb was extracted with 3 solvents: water, 95% ethanol, and methanol. Using swab paper disc assays, aqueous extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Allium sativum produced the largest (27.5 mm) and smallest (10.3 mm) inhibition zones, respectively. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of herb extracts against S. agalactiae showed that the aqueous extract of A. paniculata had the lowest MIC value (31.25 μg/mL). Aqueous extract of A. sativum was the only herb extract with a MIC > 500 μg/mL. Based on mortalities in 2 weeks after intraperitoneal S. agalactiae injection, the median lethal dose (LD 50) of S. agalactiae for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) was 3.79 × 10 5 CFU/mL. In vivo experiments showed that fish feed supplemented with either A. paniculata leaf powder or dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract reduced mortality of S. agalactiae infected Nile tilapia. In addition, no mortality was found in fish receiving dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract supplemented feeds at ratios (w/w) of 4:36 and 5:35. During 2 weeks of feeding with A. paniculata supplemented feeds, no adverse effects on appearance, behavior, or feeding responses were observed.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.01.024
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Each herb was extracted with 3 solvents: water, 95% ethanol, and methanol. Using swab paper disc assays, aqueous extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Allium sativum produced the largest (27.5 mm) and smallest (10.3 mm) inhibition zones, respectively. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of herb extracts against S. agalactiae showed that the aqueous extract of A. paniculata had the lowest MIC value (31.25 μg/mL). Aqueous extract of A. sativum was the only herb extract with a MIC &gt; 500 μg/mL. Based on mortalities in 2 weeks after intraperitoneal S. agalactiae injection, the median lethal dose (LD 50) of S. agalactiae for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) was 3.79 × 10 5 CFU/mL. In vivo experiments showed that fish feed supplemented with either A. paniculata leaf powder or dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract reduced mortality of S. agalactiae infected Nile tilapia. In addition, no mortality was found in fish receiving dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract supplemented feeds at ratios (w/w) of 4:36 and 5:35. 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Each herb was extracted with 3 solvents: water, 95% ethanol, and methanol. Using swab paper disc assays, aqueous extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Allium sativum produced the largest (27.5 mm) and smallest (10.3 mm) inhibition zones, respectively. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of herb extracts against S. agalactiae showed that the aqueous extract of A. paniculata had the lowest MIC value (31.25 μg/mL). Aqueous extract of A. sativum was the only herb extract with a MIC &gt; 500 μg/mL. Based on mortalities in 2 weeks after intraperitoneal S. agalactiae injection, the median lethal dose (LD 50) of S. agalactiae for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) was 3.79 × 10 5 CFU/mL. In vivo experiments showed that fish feed supplemented with either A. paniculata leaf powder or dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract reduced mortality of S. agalactiae infected Nile tilapia. In addition, no mortality was found in fish receiving dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract supplemented feeds at ratios (w/w) of 4:36 and 5:35. During 2 weeks of feeding with A. paniculata supplemented feeds, no adverse effects on appearance, behavior, or feeding responses were observed.</description><subject>ALIMENTACION DE PECES</subject><subject>ALIMENTATION DES POISSONS</subject><subject>Allium sativum</subject><subject>Andrographis - chemistry</subject><subject>Andrographis paniculata</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>ANTIBIOTICOS</subject><subject>ANTIBIOTICS</subject><subject>ANTIBIOTIQUE</subject><subject>Antimicrobial activity</subject><subject>ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>DOSAGE</subject><subject>DOSE</subject><subject>DOSIFICACION</subject><subject>DRUG PLANTS</subject><subject>Fish Diseases - drug therapy</subject><subject>Fish Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>FISH FEEDING</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Each herb was extracted with 3 solvents: water, 95% ethanol, and methanol. Using swab paper disc assays, aqueous extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Allium sativum produced the largest (27.5 mm) and smallest (10.3 mm) inhibition zones, respectively. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of herb extracts against S. agalactiae showed that the aqueous extract of A. paniculata had the lowest MIC value (31.25 μg/mL). Aqueous extract of A. sativum was the only herb extract with a MIC &gt; 500 μg/mL. Based on mortalities in 2 weeks after intraperitoneal S. agalactiae injection, the median lethal dose (LD 50) of S. agalactiae for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) was 3.79 × 10 5 CFU/mL. In vivo experiments showed that fish feed supplemented with either A. paniculata leaf powder or dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract reduced mortality of S. agalactiae infected Nile tilapia. In addition, no mortality was found in fish receiving dried matter of A. paniculata aqueous extract supplemented feeds at ratios (w/w) of 4:36 and 5:35. During 2 weeks of feeding with A. paniculata supplemented feeds, no adverse effects on appearance, behavior, or feeding responses were observed.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>19393561</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.01.024</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects ALIMENTACION DE PECES
ALIMENTATION DES POISSONS
Allium sativum
Andrographis - chemistry
Andrographis paniculata
Animals
ANTIBIOTICOS
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIBIOTIQUE
Antimicrobial activity
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES
Biological and medical sciences
Biotechnology
DOSAGE
DOSE
DOSIFICACION
DRUG PLANTS
Fish Diseases - drug therapy
Fish Diseases - microbiology
FISH FEEDING
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)
OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS
Phytotherapy - methods
Plant Extracts - administration & dosage
PLANTAS MEDICINALES
PLANTE MEDICINALE
PROPIEDADES ANTIMICROBIANAS
PROPRIETE ANTIMICROBIENNE
Streptococcal Infections - drug therapy
Streptococcal Infections - veterinary
Streptococcus
STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE
Streptococcus agalactiae - drug effects
Tilapia - microbiology
Treatment Outcome
title Prophylactic effect of Andrographis paniculata extracts against Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus)
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