Pharmacologic prevention of osteoporotic fractures
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and a deterioration in the microarchitecture of bone that increases its susceptibility to fracture. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density that is 2.5 standard deviations or more below the reference mean...
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Veröffentlicht in: | American family physician 2004-10, Vol.70 (7), p.1293-1300 |
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description | Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and a deterioration in the microarchitecture of bone that increases its susceptibility to fracture. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density that is 2.5 standard deviations or more below the reference mean for healthy, young white women. The prevalence of osteoporosis in black women is one half that in white and Hispanic women. In white women 50 years and older, the risk of osteoporotic fracture is nearly 40 percent over their remaining lifetime. Of the drugs that have been approved for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, the bisphosphonates (risedronate and alendronate) are most effective in reducing the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Risedronate has been shown to reduce fracture risk within one year in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Hormone therapy reduces fracture risk, but the benefits may not outweigh the reported risks. Teriparatide, a recombinant human parathyroid hormone, reduces the risk of new fractures and is indicated for use in patients with severe osteoporosis. Raloxifene has been shown to lower the incidence of vertebral fractures in women with osteoporosis. Salmon calcitonin is reserved for use in patients who cannot tolerate bisphosphonates or hormone therapy. |
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The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density that is 2.5 standard deviations or more below the reference mean for healthy, young white women. The prevalence of osteoporosis in black women is one half that in white and Hispanic women. In white women 50 years and older, the risk of osteoporotic fracture is nearly 40 percent over their remaining lifetime. Of the drugs that have been approved for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, the bisphosphonates (risedronate and alendronate) are most effective in reducing the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Risedronate has been shown to reduce fracture risk within one year in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Hormone therapy reduces fracture risk, but the benefits may not outweigh the reported risks. Teriparatide, a recombinant human parathyroid hormone, reduces the risk of new fractures and is indicated for use in patients with severe osteoporosis. Raloxifene has been shown to lower the incidence of vertebral fractures in women with osteoporosis. Salmon calcitonin is reserved for use in patients who cannot tolerate bisphosphonates or hormone therapy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-838X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15508540</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AFPYBF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Academy of Family Physicians</publisher><subject>Aged ; Alendronate - administration & dosage ; Alendronate - therapeutic use ; Bone Density - drug effects ; Clinical trials ; Drug therapy ; Etidronic Acid - administration & dosage ; Etidronic Acid - analogs & derivatives ; Etidronic Acid - therapeutic use ; Female ; Fractures ; Fractures, Bone - etiology ; Fractures, Bone - prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Medical treatment ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - complications ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - drug therapy ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - epidemiology ; Pharmacology ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride - administration & dosage ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride - therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risedronate Sodium ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators - therapeutic use</subject><ispartof>American family physician, 2004-10, Vol.70 (7), p.1293-1300</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Academy of Family Physicians Oct 1, 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15508540$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zizic, Thomas M</creatorcontrib><title>Pharmacologic prevention of osteoporotic fractures</title><title>American family physician</title><addtitle>Am Fam Physician</addtitle><description>Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and a deterioration in the microarchitecture of bone that increases its susceptibility to fracture. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density that is 2.5 standard deviations or more below the reference mean for healthy, young white women. The prevalence of osteoporosis in black women is one half that in white and Hispanic women. In white women 50 years and older, the risk of osteoporotic fracture is nearly 40 percent over their remaining lifetime. Of the drugs that have been approved for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, the bisphosphonates (risedronate and alendronate) are most effective in reducing the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Risedronate has been shown to reduce fracture risk within one year in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Hormone therapy reduces fracture risk, but the benefits may not outweigh the reported risks. Teriparatide, a recombinant human parathyroid hormone, reduces the risk of new fractures and is indicated for use in patients with severe osteoporosis. Raloxifene has been shown to lower the incidence of vertebral fractures in women with osteoporosis. Salmon calcitonin is reserved for use in patients who cannot tolerate bisphosphonates or hormone therapy.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alendronate - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Alendronate - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Bone Density - drug effects</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Etidronic Acid - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Etidronic Acid - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Etidronic Acid - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fractures</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - etiology</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - prevention & control</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - complications</subject><subject>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - drug therapy</subject><subject>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pharmacology</subject><subject>Raloxifene Hydrochloride - 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administration & dosage</topic><topic>Alendronate - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Bone Density - drug effects</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Etidronic Acid - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Etidronic Acid - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Etidronic Acid - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fractures</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - etiology</topic><topic>Fractures, Bone - prevention & control</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Osteoporosis</topic><topic>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - complications</topic><topic>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - drug therapy</topic><topic>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pharmacology</topic><topic>Raloxifene Hydrochloride - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Raloxifene Hydrochloride - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</topic><topic>Risedronate Sodium</topic><topic>Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>American family physician</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zizic, Thomas M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pharmacologic prevention of osteoporotic fractures</atitle><jtitle>American family physician</jtitle><addtitle>Am Fam Physician</addtitle><date>2004-10-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1293</spage><epage>1300</epage><pages>1293-1300</pages><issn>0002-838X</issn><coden>AFPYBF</coden><abstract>Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and a deterioration in the microarchitecture of bone that increases its susceptibility to fracture. The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density that is 2.5 standard deviations or more below the reference mean for healthy, young white women. The prevalence of osteoporosis in black women is one half that in white and Hispanic women. In white women 50 years and older, the risk of osteoporotic fracture is nearly 40 percent over their remaining lifetime. Of the drugs that have been approved for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, the bisphosphonates (risedronate and alendronate) are most effective in reducing the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Risedronate has been shown to reduce fracture risk within one year in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Hormone therapy reduces fracture risk, but the benefits may not outweigh the reported risks. Teriparatide, a recombinant human parathyroid hormone, reduces the risk of new fractures and is indicated for use in patients with severe osteoporosis. Raloxifene has been shown to lower the incidence of vertebral fractures in women with osteoporosis. Salmon calcitonin is reserved for use in patients who cannot tolerate bisphosphonates or hormone therapy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Academy of Family Physicians</pub><pmid>15508540</pmid><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aged Alendronate - administration & dosage Alendronate - therapeutic use Bone Density - drug effects Clinical trials Drug therapy Etidronic Acid - administration & dosage Etidronic Acid - analogs & derivatives Etidronic Acid - therapeutic use Female Fractures Fractures, Bone - etiology Fractures, Bone - prevention & control Humans Male Medical treatment Middle Aged Osteoporosis Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - complications Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - drug therapy Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - epidemiology Pharmacology Raloxifene Hydrochloride - administration & dosage Raloxifene Hydrochloride - therapeutic use Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risedronate Sodium Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators - therapeutic use |
title | Pharmacologic prevention of osteoporotic fractures |
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