Breeding systems and continuing evolution in the endemic Sorbus taxa on Arran
The Arran whitebeams Sorbus arranensis and S. pseudofennica are two endemic woody plant taxa that have evolved on Arran through hybridisation. S. arranensis is a triploid hybrid between the widespread diploid S. aucuparia and the rare tetraploid S. rupicola. S. pseudofennica is a tetraploid formed b...
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| description | The Arran whitebeams Sorbus arranensis and S. pseudofennica are two endemic woody plant taxa that have evolved on Arran through hybridisation. S. arranensis is a triploid hybrid between the widespread diploid S. aucuparia and the rare tetraploid S. rupicola. S. pseudofennica is a tetraploid formed by crossing between S. arranensis and S. aucuparia. In order to determine the mating systems of the two endemic species six maternal trees of each taxon together with 10-12 of their seed offspring were scored for their phenotype at three microsatellite loci and one nuclear intron locus. All seeds of S. arranensis were identical in phenotype to their maternal parents. In S. pseudofennica, 17.5% of all seeds differed in marker phenotype from their maternal parent. The proportion of seed with nonmaternal phenotypes varied significantly among maternal trees of S. pseudofennica. The results suggest that the triploid S. arranensis is an obligate apomict, whereas the tetraploid S. pseudofennica is a facultative apomict. Molecular marker analysis of three trees from Arran with an unusual leaf morphology indicates that they are the product of sexual reproduction by S. pseudofennica, and may originate from hybridisation with S. aucuparia. This research demonstrates that the Sorbus taxa on Arran are participants in an active evolutionary process generating novel biodiversity. Conservation programmes for these taxa should aim to preserve this evolutionary process rather than the individual taxonomic entities that it produces. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800528 |
| format | Article |
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S. arranensis is a triploid hybrid between the widespread diploid S. aucuparia and the rare tetraploid S. rupicola. S. pseudofennica is a tetraploid formed by crossing between S. arranensis and S. aucuparia. In order to determine the mating systems of the two endemic species six maternal trees of each taxon together with 10-12 of their seed offspring were scored for their phenotype at three microsatellite loci and one nuclear intron locus. All seeds of S. arranensis were identical in phenotype to their maternal parents. In S. pseudofennica, 17.5% of all seeds differed in marker phenotype from their maternal parent. The proportion of seed with nonmaternal phenotypes varied significantly among maternal trees of S. pseudofennica. The results suggest that the triploid S. arranensis is an obligate apomict, whereas the tetraploid S. pseudofennica is a facultative apomict. Molecular marker analysis of three trees from Arran with an unusual leaf morphology indicates that they are the product of sexual reproduction by S. pseudofennica, and may originate from hybridisation with S. aucuparia. This research demonstrates that the Sorbus taxa on Arran are participants in an active evolutionary process generating novel biodiversity. Conservation programmes for these taxa should aim to preserve this evolutionary process rather than the individual taxonomic entities that it produces.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-067X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2540</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800528</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15254493</identifier><identifier>CODEN: HDTYAT</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>apomixis ; Biodiversity ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Breeding - methods ; Cytogenetics ; DNA, Plant - analysis ; Ecology ; Endemic plants ; Endemic species ; evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Evolutionary Biology ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Variation ; Human Genetics ; indigenous species ; islands ; Leaves ; loci ; mating systems ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Offspring ; original-article ; Phenotypes ; Plant Genetics and Genomics ; Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; plant morphology ; Polyploidy ; Scotland ; Seeds ; Sorbus ; Sorbus - genetics ; Sorbus arranensis ; Sorbus pseudofennica ; Taxa ; Trees ; Woody plants</subject><ispartof>Heredity, 2004-11, Vol.93 (5), p.487-495</ispartof><rights>The Genetics Society 2004</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Nov 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d14e06ecbab97c4975b6f7170efbb5175087c557ef444fe9309a774f347675b73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d14e06ecbab97c4975b6f7170efbb5175087c557ef444fe9309a774f347675b73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800528$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800528$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15254493$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Robertson, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newton, A.C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ennos, R.A</creatorcontrib><title>Breeding systems and continuing evolution in the endemic Sorbus taxa on Arran</title><title>Heredity</title><addtitle>Heredity</addtitle><addtitle>Heredity (Edinb)</addtitle><description>The Arran whitebeams Sorbus arranensis and S. pseudofennica are two endemic woody plant taxa that have evolved on Arran through hybridisation. S. arranensis is a triploid hybrid between the widespread diploid S. aucuparia and the rare tetraploid S. rupicola. S. pseudofennica is a tetraploid formed by crossing between S. arranensis and S. aucuparia. In order to determine the mating systems of the two endemic species six maternal trees of each taxon together with 10-12 of their seed offspring were scored for their phenotype at three microsatellite loci and one nuclear intron locus. All seeds of S. arranensis were identical in phenotype to their maternal parents. In S. pseudofennica, 17.5% of all seeds differed in marker phenotype from their maternal parent. The proportion of seed with nonmaternal phenotypes varied significantly among maternal trees of S. pseudofennica. The results suggest that the triploid S. arranensis is an obligate apomict, whereas the tetraploid S. pseudofennica is a facultative apomict. Molecular marker analysis of three trees from Arran with an unusual leaf morphology indicates that they are the product of sexual reproduction by S. pseudofennica, and may originate from hybridisation with S. aucuparia. This research demonstrates that the Sorbus taxa on Arran are participants in an active evolutionary process generating novel biodiversity. Conservation programmes for these taxa should aim to preserve this evolutionary process rather than the individual taxonomic entities that it produces.</description><subject>apomixis</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Breeding - methods</subject><subject>Cytogenetics</subject><subject>DNA, Plant - analysis</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Endemic plants</subject><subject>Endemic species</subject><subject>evolution</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subject>Genetic Markers</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Human Genetics</subject><subject>indigenous species</subject><subject>islands</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>loci</subject><subject>mating systems</subject><subject>Microsatellite Repeats</subject><subject>Offspring</subject><subject>original-article</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Plant Genetics and Genomics</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - chemistry</subject><subject>plant morphology</subject><subject>Polyploidy</subject><subject>Scotland</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Sorbus</subject><subject>Sorbus - genetics</subject><subject>Sorbus arranensis</subject><subject>Sorbus pseudofennica</subject><subject>Taxa</subject><subject>Trees</subject><subject>Woody plants</subject><issn>0018-067X</issn><issn>1365-2540</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U1r3DAQBmBRUppt0muOieihN29G39YxCf2ClB6SQG9CtscbL2spkezS_ffVsguBQOlJoHnmFaMh5IzBkoGoL_N6-dhtl7oGULx-QxZMaFVxJeGILABYXYE2v47J-5zXACAMt-_IMVNFSCsW5Md1QuyGsKJ5myccM_Who20M0xDm3TX-jpt5GmKgQ6DTI1IMHY5DS-9iauZMJ__H01K9SsmHU_K295uMHw7nCXn48vn-5lt1-_Pr95ur26qVSkxVxySCxrbxjTWttEY1ujfMAPZNo5hRUJtWKYO9lLJHK8B6Y2QvpNHFGnFCPu1zn1J8njFPbhxyi5uNDxjn7LS21taS_xcyo62UNSvw4yu4jnMKZQjHeckyUu3Qco_aFHNO2LunNIw-bR0Dt1uHy2tX1uEO6ygN54fUuRmxe-GH_y_gcg9yKYUVppdn_xl5se_ofXR-lYbsHu44MAFga84NE38BAdOewQ</recordid><startdate>20041101</startdate><enddate>20041101</enddate><creator>Robertson, A</creator><creator>Newton, A.C</creator><creator>Ennos, R.A</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20041101</creationdate><title>Breeding systems and continuing evolution in the endemic Sorbus taxa on Arran</title><author>Robertson, A ; Newton, A.C ; Ennos, R.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d14e06ecbab97c4975b6f7170efbb5175087c557ef444fe9309a774f347675b73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>apomixis</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Breeding - methods</topic><topic>Cytogenetics</topic><topic>DNA, Plant - analysis</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Endemic plants</topic><topic>Endemic species</topic><topic>evolution</topic><topic>Evolution, Molecular</topic><topic>Evolutionary Biology</topic><topic>Genetic Markers</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Human Genetics</topic><topic>indigenous species</topic><topic>islands</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>loci</topic><topic>mating systems</topic><topic>Microsatellite Repeats</topic><topic>Offspring</topic><topic>original-article</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Plant Genetics and Genomics</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - chemistry</topic><topic>plant morphology</topic><topic>Polyploidy</topic><topic>Scotland</topic><topic>Seeds</topic><topic>Sorbus</topic><topic>Sorbus - genetics</topic><topic>Sorbus arranensis</topic><topic>Sorbus pseudofennica</topic><topic>Taxa</topic><topic>Trees</topic><topic>Woody plants</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Robertson, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newton, A.C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ennos, R.A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Heredity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Robertson, A</au><au>Newton, A.C</au><au>Ennos, R.A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Breeding systems and continuing evolution in the endemic Sorbus taxa on Arran</atitle><jtitle>Heredity</jtitle><stitle>Heredity</stitle><addtitle>Heredity (Edinb)</addtitle><date>2004-11-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>93</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>487</spage><epage>495</epage><pages>487-495</pages><issn>0018-067X</issn><eissn>1365-2540</eissn><coden>HDTYAT</coden><abstract>The Arran whitebeams Sorbus arranensis and S. pseudofennica are two endemic woody plant taxa that have evolved on Arran through hybridisation. S. arranensis is a triploid hybrid between the widespread diploid S. aucuparia and the rare tetraploid S. rupicola. S. pseudofennica is a tetraploid formed by crossing between S. arranensis and S. aucuparia. In order to determine the mating systems of the two endemic species six maternal trees of each taxon together with 10-12 of their seed offspring were scored for their phenotype at three microsatellite loci and one nuclear intron locus. All seeds of S. arranensis were identical in phenotype to their maternal parents. In S. pseudofennica, 17.5% of all seeds differed in marker phenotype from their maternal parent. The proportion of seed with nonmaternal phenotypes varied significantly among maternal trees of S. pseudofennica. The results suggest that the triploid S. arranensis is an obligate apomict, whereas the tetraploid S. pseudofennica is a facultative apomict. Molecular marker analysis of three trees from Arran with an unusual leaf morphology indicates that they are the product of sexual reproduction by S. pseudofennica, and may originate from hybridisation with S. aucuparia. This research demonstrates that the Sorbus taxa on Arran are participants in an active evolutionary process generating novel biodiversity. Conservation programmes for these taxa should aim to preserve this evolutionary process rather than the individual taxonomic entities that it produces.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>15254493</pmid><doi>10.1038/sj.hdy.6800528</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | apomixis Biodiversity Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Breeding - methods Cytogenetics DNA, Plant - analysis Ecology Endemic plants Endemic species evolution Evolution, Molecular Evolutionary Biology Genetic Markers Genetic Variation Human Genetics indigenous species islands Leaves loci mating systems Microsatellite Repeats Offspring original-article Phenotypes Plant Genetics and Genomics Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology Plant Leaves - chemistry plant morphology Polyploidy Scotland Seeds Sorbus Sorbus - genetics Sorbus arranensis Sorbus pseudofennica Taxa Trees Woody plants |
| title | Breeding systems and continuing evolution in the endemic Sorbus taxa on Arran |
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