Retinal angiomatous proliferation: clinical characteristics and treatment options
A new form of exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), has been described in which neovascularization begins in the deep retina, extends through the subretinal space, and eventually communicates with choroidal neovascularization. Case series. Common...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Optometry (Saint Louis, Mo.) Mo.), 2004-09, Vol.75 (9), p.577-588 |
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| creator | Hunter, Megan A. Dunbar, Mark T. Rosenfeld, Phillip J. |
| description | A new form of exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), has been described in which neovascularization begins in the deep retina, extends through the subretinal space, and eventually communicates with choroidal neovascularization.
Case series.
Common clinical features of RAP include small multiple intra-retinal hemorrhages, intra-retinal edema, vascularized pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs), and retinal choroidal anastomosis (RCA). Fluorescein angiography (FA) reveals ill-defined, occult choroidal neovascularization. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography is useful in early stages because ’hot spots’ can be detected before clinical or FA characteristics are present. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful in illustrating some of the clinical and FA characteristics. The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT), combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection, was successful in stabilizing the RAP lesion in one case discussed in this report.
Retinal angiomatous proliferation is a newly recognized entity of exudative age-related macular degeneration with its own set of clinical, FA, ICG angiography, and OCT features. Experimental treatments such as the use of PDT combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection demonstrate potential success with this entity. The biggest hope appears to be anti-angiogenic factors currently in clinical trials for the treatment of exudative ARMD. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S1529-1839(04)70190-6 |
| format | Article |
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Case series.
Common clinical features of RAP include small multiple intra-retinal hemorrhages, intra-retinal edema, vascularized pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs), and retinal choroidal anastomosis (RCA). Fluorescein angiography (FA) reveals ill-defined, occult choroidal neovascularization. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography is useful in early stages because ’hot spots’ can be detected before clinical or FA characteristics are present. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful in illustrating some of the clinical and FA characteristics. The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT), combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection, was successful in stabilizing the RAP lesion in one case discussed in this report.
Retinal angiomatous proliferation is a newly recognized entity of exudative age-related macular degeneration with its own set of clinical, FA, ICG angiography, and OCT features. Experimental treatments such as the use of PDT combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection demonstrate potential success with this entity. The biggest hope appears to be anti-angiogenic factors currently in clinical trials for the treatment of exudative ARMD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1529-1839</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1527</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S1529-1839(04)70190-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15481226</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Age-related macular degeneration ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiomatosis - diagnosis ; Angiomatosis - drug therapy ; choroidal neovascularization ; Choroidal Neovascularization - diagnosis ; Choroidal Neovascularization - drug therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; indocyanine green angiography ; intraretinal neovascularization ; Macular Degeneration - diagnosis ; Macular Degeneration - drug therapy ; optical coherence tomography ; Photochemotherapy ; pigment epithelial detachment ; retinal angiomatous proliferation ; retinal choroidal anastomosis ; Retinal Neovascularization - diagnosis ; Retinal Neovascularization - drug therapy ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Triamcinolone Acetonide - therapeutic use</subject><ispartof>Optometry (Saint Louis, Mo.), 2004-09, Vol.75 (9), p.577-588</ispartof><rights>2004 American Optometric Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c278t-fffbfaefb638584915aa47b8047c63fb864d673bdf9bcd4756f4865934ee560f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c278t-fffbfaefb638584915aa47b8047c63fb864d673bdf9bcd4756f4865934ee560f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15481226$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hunter, Megan A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunbar, Mark T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenfeld, Phillip J.</creatorcontrib><title>Retinal angiomatous proliferation: clinical characteristics and treatment options</title><title>Optometry (Saint Louis, Mo.)</title><addtitle>Optometry</addtitle><description>A new form of exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), has been described in which neovascularization begins in the deep retina, extends through the subretinal space, and eventually communicates with choroidal neovascularization.
Case series.
Common clinical features of RAP include small multiple intra-retinal hemorrhages, intra-retinal edema, vascularized pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs), and retinal choroidal anastomosis (RCA). Fluorescein angiography (FA) reveals ill-defined, occult choroidal neovascularization. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography is useful in early stages because ’hot spots’ can be detected before clinical or FA characteristics are present. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful in illustrating some of the clinical and FA characteristics. The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT), combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection, was successful in stabilizing the RAP lesion in one case discussed in this report.
Retinal angiomatous proliferation is a newly recognized entity of exudative age-related macular degeneration with its own set of clinical, FA, ICG angiography, and OCT features. Experimental treatments such as the use of PDT combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection demonstrate potential success with this entity. The biggest hope appears to be anti-angiogenic factors currently in clinical trials for the treatment of exudative ARMD.</description><subject>Age-related macular degeneration</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Angiomatosis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Angiomatosis - drug therapy</subject><subject>choroidal neovascularization</subject><subject>Choroidal Neovascularization - diagnosis</subject><subject>Choroidal Neovascularization - drug therapy</subject><subject>Combined Modality Therapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorescein Angiography</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Indocyanine Green</subject><subject>indocyanine green angiography</subject><subject>intraretinal neovascularization</subject><subject>Macular Degeneration - diagnosis</subject><subject>Macular Degeneration - drug therapy</subject><subject>optical coherence tomography</subject><subject>Photochemotherapy</subject><subject>pigment epithelial detachment</subject><subject>retinal angiomatous proliferation</subject><subject>retinal choroidal anastomosis</subject><subject>Retinal Neovascularization - diagnosis</subject><subject>Retinal Neovascularization - drug therapy</subject><subject>Tomography, Optical Coherence</subject><subject>Triamcinolone Acetonide - therapeutic use</subject><issn>1529-1839</issn><issn>1558-1527</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkMtKxDAUhoMojo4-gtKV6KKaNJembkQGbzAg3tYhTU800suYZATf3sxMwaWrHMj3n8uH0BHB5wQTcfFCeFHlRNLqFLOzEpMK52IL7RHOZZ7-yu1VPSITtB_CJ8ZUCsp30YRwJklRiD309AzR9brNdP_uhk7HYRmyhR9aZ8Hr6Ib-MjOt651JjPnQXpsI3oXoTEiZJosedOygj9mwWOHhAO1Y3QY4HN8peru9eZ3d5_PHu4fZ9Tw3RSljbq2trQZbCyq5ZBXhWrOylpiVRlBbS8EaUdK6sVVtGlZyYZkUvKIMgAts6RSdbPqmbb-WEKLqXDDQtrqHdIQSohJFSXEC-QY0fgjBg1UL7zrtfxTBauVSrV2qlSiFmVq7VCLljscBy7qD5i81ykvA1QaAdOa3A6-CcdAbaJwHE1UzuH9G_AKUxoWz</recordid><startdate>200409</startdate><enddate>200409</enddate><creator>Hunter, Megan A.</creator><creator>Dunbar, Mark T.</creator><creator>Rosenfeld, Phillip J.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200409</creationdate><title>Retinal angiomatous proliferation: clinical characteristics and treatment options</title><author>Hunter, Megan A. ; Dunbar, Mark T. ; Rosenfeld, Phillip J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c278t-fffbfaefb638584915aa47b8047c63fb864d673bdf9bcd4756f4865934ee560f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Age-related macular degeneration</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Angiomatosis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Angiomatosis - drug therapy</topic><topic>choroidal neovascularization</topic><topic>Choroidal Neovascularization - diagnosis</topic><topic>Choroidal Neovascularization - drug therapy</topic><topic>Combined Modality Therapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorescein Angiography</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Indocyanine Green</topic><topic>indocyanine green angiography</topic><topic>intraretinal neovascularization</topic><topic>Macular Degeneration - diagnosis</topic><topic>Macular Degeneration - drug therapy</topic><topic>optical coherence tomography</topic><topic>Photochemotherapy</topic><topic>pigment epithelial detachment</topic><topic>retinal angiomatous proliferation</topic><topic>retinal choroidal anastomosis</topic><topic>Retinal Neovascularization - diagnosis</topic><topic>Retinal Neovascularization - drug therapy</topic><topic>Tomography, Optical Coherence</topic><topic>Triamcinolone Acetonide - therapeutic use</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hunter, Megan A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunbar, Mark T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenfeld, Phillip J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Optometry (Saint Louis, Mo.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hunter, Megan A.</au><au>Dunbar, Mark T.</au><au>Rosenfeld, Phillip J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Retinal angiomatous proliferation: clinical characteristics and treatment options</atitle><jtitle>Optometry (Saint Louis, Mo.)</jtitle><addtitle>Optometry</addtitle><date>2004-09</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>577</spage><epage>588</epage><pages>577-588</pages><issn>1529-1839</issn><eissn>1558-1527</eissn><abstract>A new form of exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), has been described in which neovascularization begins in the deep retina, extends through the subretinal space, and eventually communicates with choroidal neovascularization.
Case series.
Common clinical features of RAP include small multiple intra-retinal hemorrhages, intra-retinal edema, vascularized pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs), and retinal choroidal anastomosis (RCA). Fluorescein angiography (FA) reveals ill-defined, occult choroidal neovascularization. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography is useful in early stages because ’hot spots’ can be detected before clinical or FA characteristics are present. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful in illustrating some of the clinical and FA characteristics. The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT), combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection, was successful in stabilizing the RAP lesion in one case discussed in this report.
Retinal angiomatous proliferation is a newly recognized entity of exudative age-related macular degeneration with its own set of clinical, FA, ICG angiography, and OCT features. Experimental treatments such as the use of PDT combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection demonstrate potential success with this entity. The biggest hope appears to be anti-angiogenic factors currently in clinical trials for the treatment of exudative ARMD.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>15481226</pmid><doi>10.1016/S1529-1839(04)70190-6</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age-related macular degeneration Aged Aged, 80 and over Angiomatosis - diagnosis Angiomatosis - drug therapy choroidal neovascularization Choroidal Neovascularization - diagnosis Choroidal Neovascularization - drug therapy Combined Modality Therapy Female Fluorescein Angiography Humans Indocyanine Green indocyanine green angiography intraretinal neovascularization Macular Degeneration - diagnosis Macular Degeneration - drug therapy optical coherence tomography Photochemotherapy pigment epithelial detachment retinal angiomatous proliferation retinal choroidal anastomosis Retinal Neovascularization - diagnosis Retinal Neovascularization - drug therapy Tomography, Optical Coherence Triamcinolone Acetonide - therapeutic use |
| title | Retinal angiomatous proliferation: clinical characteristics and treatment options |
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