N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals
1 Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance; Centre for Aging, Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport Science, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne 8001; 2 Department of Anaesthesia, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne 3084; and 3 Departm...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2004-10, Vol.97 (4), p.1477-1485 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 1485 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 4 |
| container_start_page | 1477 |
| container_title | Journal of applied physiology (1985) |
| container_volume | 97 |
| creator | Medved, I Brown, M. J Bjorksten, A. R Murphy, K. T Petersen, A. C Sostaric, S Gong, X McKenna, M. J |
| description | 1 Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance; Centre for Aging, Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport Science, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne 8001; 2 Department of Anaesthesia, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne 3084; and 3 Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Submitted 6 April 2004
; accepted in final form 7 June 2004
The production of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle is linked with muscle fatigue. This study investigated the effects of the antioxidant compound N -acetylcysteine (NAC) on muscle cysteine, cystine, and glutathione and on time to fatigue during prolonged, submaximal exercise in endurance athletes. Eight men completed a double-blind, crossover study, receiving NAC or placebo before and during cycling for 45 min at 71% peak oxygen consumption ( O 2 peak ) and then to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak . NAC was intravenously infused at 125 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 15 min and then at 25 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 20 min before and throughout exercise. Arterialized venous blood was analyzed for NAC, glutathione status, and cysteine concentration. A vastus lateralis biopsy was taken preinfusion, at 45 min of exercise, and at fatigue and was analyzed for NAC, total glutathione (TGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and cystine. Time to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak was reproducible in preliminary trials (coefficient of variation 5.6 ± 0.6%) and with NAC was enhanced by 26.3 ± 9.1% (NAC 6.4 ± 0.6 min vs. Con 5.3 ± 0.7 min; P < 0.05). NAC increased muscle total and reduced NAC at both 45 min and fatigue ( P < 0.005). Muscle cysteine and cystine were unchanged during Con, but were elevated above preinfusion levels with NAC ( P < 0.001). Muscle TGSH ( P < 0.05) declined and muscle GSH tended to decline ( P = 0.06) during exercise. Both were greater with NAC ( P < 0.05). Neither exercise nor NAC affected whole blood TGSH. Whereas blood GSH was decreased and calculated oxidized glutathione increased with exercise ( P < 0.05), both were unaffected by NAC. In conclusion, NAC improved performance in well-trained individuals, with enhanced muscle cysteine and GSH availability a likely mechanism.
reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; muscle fatigue; cysteine; cystine
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. J. McKenna, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance (FO22), Victoria University of Technology, PO |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/japplphysiol.00371.2004 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_66863495</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>66863495</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-20aa87842e24739e1d10a639bbfa0b7c15bc2e52067364c1188c9be7d20f03c93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kcFu1DAQhi0EosvCK0CEBOoli-04cXKsKkqRKriUs-XYk6xXXifEdmnehMfF6UYtQsKXkf1__8zIP0LvCN4RUtJPBzmOdtzP3gx2h3HByY5izJ6hTVJpTipMnqNNzUuc87LmZ-iV9weMCWMleYnOSEkaVvFyg35_y6WCMFs1-wDGQQZuL50Cnx2jVxayR0E6nfU2Bhn2Zljud9JY2RprwvwgyhDARRmSt5PB9BEyHSfj-mycBju4HnQG9zAp4yEzLk1K8jIrD5NME3R61ObO6Citf41edKnAm7Vu0Y-rz7eX1_nN9y9fLy9ucsUYCznFUta8ZhQo40UDRBMsq6Jp207ilitStopCSXHFi4opQupaNS1wTXGHC9UUW_Tx1Dft-DOCD-JovAJrpYMhelFVdVWwpkzg-3_AwxAnl3YTNB3csJTDFvETpKbB-wk6MU7mKKdZECyW5MTfyYmH5MSSXHK-XdvH9gj6ybdGlYAPKyC9krZbfs74J64iRUp3acRO3N70-19mArFOG_pZXEVrb-E-LGs0XDBBGOdi1F2ynf_flmjxiBd_AKYXysc</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>222209400</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>American Physiological Society Paid</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>EZB Electronic Journals Library</source><creator>Medved, I ; Brown, M. J ; Bjorksten, A. R ; Murphy, K. T ; Petersen, A. C ; Sostaric, S ; Gong, X ; McKenna, M. J</creator><creatorcontrib>Medved, I ; Brown, M. J ; Bjorksten, A. R ; Murphy, K. T ; Petersen, A. C ; Sostaric, S ; Gong, X ; McKenna, M. J</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[1 Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance; Centre for Aging, Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport Science, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne 8001; 2 Department of Anaesthesia, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne 3084; and 3 Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Submitted 6 April 2004
; accepted in final form 7 June 2004
The production of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle is linked with muscle fatigue. This study investigated the effects of the antioxidant compound N -acetylcysteine (NAC) on muscle cysteine, cystine, and glutathione and on time to fatigue during prolonged, submaximal exercise in endurance athletes. Eight men completed a double-blind, crossover study, receiving NAC or placebo before and during cycling for 45 min at 71% peak oxygen consumption ( O 2 peak ) and then to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak . NAC was intravenously infused at 125 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 15 min and then at 25 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 20 min before and throughout exercise. Arterialized venous blood was analyzed for NAC, glutathione status, and cysteine concentration. A vastus lateralis biopsy was taken preinfusion, at 45 min of exercise, and at fatigue and was analyzed for NAC, total glutathione (TGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and cystine. Time to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak was reproducible in preliminary trials (coefficient of variation 5.6 ± 0.6%) and with NAC was enhanced by 26.3 ± 9.1% (NAC 6.4 ± 0.6 min vs. Con 5.3 ± 0.7 min; P < 0.05). NAC increased muscle total and reduced NAC at both 45 min and fatigue ( P < 0.005). Muscle cysteine and cystine were unchanged during Con, but were elevated above preinfusion levels with NAC ( P < 0.001). Muscle TGSH ( P < 0.05) declined and muscle GSH tended to decline ( P = 0.06) during exercise. Both were greater with NAC ( P < 0.05). Neither exercise nor NAC affected whole blood TGSH. Whereas blood GSH was decreased and calculated oxidized glutathione increased with exercise ( P < 0.05), both were unaffected by NAC. In conclusion, NAC improved performance in well-trained individuals, with enhanced muscle cysteine and GSH availability a likely mechanism.
reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; muscle fatigue; cysteine; cystine
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. J. McKenna, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance (FO22), Victoria University of Technology, PO Box 14428, MCMC, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia (E-mail: michael.mckenna{at}vu.edu.au ).]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 8750-7587</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00371.2004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15194675</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPHEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Am Physiological Soc</publisher><subject>Acetylcysteine - administration & dosage ; Adult ; Antioxidants ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Availability ; Cross-Over Studies ; Cysteine - pharmacokinetics ; Double-Blind Method ; Exercise ; Exercise Test ; Fatigue ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Glutathione - pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Muscle Fatigue - drug effects ; Muscle Fatigue - physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Muscular system ; Physical Endurance - drug effects ; Physical Endurance - physiology ; Physical Exertion - drug effects ; Physical Exertion - physiology ; Physical Fitness - physiology</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2004-10, Vol.97 (4), p.1477-1485</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Physiological Society Oct 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-20aa87842e24739e1d10a639bbfa0b7c15bc2e52067364c1188c9be7d20f03c93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-20aa87842e24739e1d10a639bbfa0b7c15bc2e52067364c1188c9be7d20f03c93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3026,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16134454$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15194675$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Medved, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, M. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjorksten, A. R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murphy, K. T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petersen, A. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sostaric, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gong, X</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenna, M. J</creatorcontrib><title>N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals</title><title>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</title><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><description><![CDATA[1 Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance; Centre for Aging, Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport Science, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne 8001; 2 Department of Anaesthesia, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne 3084; and 3 Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Submitted 6 April 2004
; accepted in final form 7 June 2004
The production of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle is linked with muscle fatigue. This study investigated the effects of the antioxidant compound N -acetylcysteine (NAC) on muscle cysteine, cystine, and glutathione and on time to fatigue during prolonged, submaximal exercise in endurance athletes. Eight men completed a double-blind, crossover study, receiving NAC or placebo before and during cycling for 45 min at 71% peak oxygen consumption ( O 2 peak ) and then to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak . NAC was intravenously infused at 125 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 15 min and then at 25 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 20 min before and throughout exercise. Arterialized venous blood was analyzed for NAC, glutathione status, and cysteine concentration. A vastus lateralis biopsy was taken preinfusion, at 45 min of exercise, and at fatigue and was analyzed for NAC, total glutathione (TGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and cystine. Time to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak was reproducible in preliminary trials (coefficient of variation 5.6 ± 0.6%) and with NAC was enhanced by 26.3 ± 9.1% (NAC 6.4 ± 0.6 min vs. Con 5.3 ± 0.7 min; P < 0.05). NAC increased muscle total and reduced NAC at both 45 min and fatigue ( P < 0.005). Muscle cysteine and cystine were unchanged during Con, but were elevated above preinfusion levels with NAC ( P < 0.001). Muscle TGSH ( P < 0.05) declined and muscle GSH tended to decline ( P = 0.06) during exercise. Both were greater with NAC ( P < 0.05). Neither exercise nor NAC affected whole blood TGSH. Whereas blood GSH was decreased and calculated oxidized glutathione increased with exercise ( P < 0.05), both were unaffected by NAC. In conclusion, NAC improved performance in well-trained individuals, with enhanced muscle cysteine and GSH availability a likely mechanism.
reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; muscle fatigue; cysteine; cystine
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. J. McKenna, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance (FO22), Victoria University of Technology, PO Box 14428, MCMC, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia (E-mail: michael.mckenna{at}vu.edu.au ).]]></description><subject>Acetylcysteine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological Availability</subject><subject>Cross-Over Studies</subject><subject>Cysteine - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Exercise Test</subject><subject>Fatigue</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Glutathione - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infusions, Intravenous</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Muscle Fatigue - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscle Fatigue - physiology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Muscular system</subject><subject>Physical Endurance - drug effects</subject><subject>Physical Endurance - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Exertion - drug effects</subject><subject>Physical Exertion - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Fitness - physiology</subject><issn>8750-7587</issn><issn>1522-1601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcFu1DAQhi0EosvCK0CEBOoli-04cXKsKkqRKriUs-XYk6xXXifEdmnehMfF6UYtQsKXkf1__8zIP0LvCN4RUtJPBzmOdtzP3gx2h3HByY5izJ6hTVJpTipMnqNNzUuc87LmZ-iV9weMCWMleYnOSEkaVvFyg35_y6WCMFs1-wDGQQZuL50Cnx2jVxayR0E6nfU2Bhn2Zljud9JY2RprwvwgyhDARRmSt5PB9BEyHSfj-mycBju4HnQG9zAp4yEzLk1K8jIrD5NME3R61ObO6Citf41edKnAm7Vu0Y-rz7eX1_nN9y9fLy9ucsUYCznFUta8ZhQo40UDRBMsq6Jp207ilitStopCSXHFi4opQupaNS1wTXGHC9UUW_Tx1Dft-DOCD-JovAJrpYMhelFVdVWwpkzg-3_AwxAnl3YTNB3csJTDFvETpKbB-wk6MU7mKKdZECyW5MTfyYmH5MSSXHK-XdvH9gj6ybdGlYAPKyC9krZbfs74J64iRUp3acRO3N70-19mArFOG_pZXEVrb-E-LGs0XDBBGOdi1F2ynf_flmjxiBd_AKYXysc</recordid><startdate>20041001</startdate><enddate>20041001</enddate><creator>Medved, I</creator><creator>Brown, M. J</creator><creator>Bjorksten, A. R</creator><creator>Murphy, K. T</creator><creator>Petersen, A. C</creator><creator>Sostaric, S</creator><creator>Gong, X</creator><creator>McKenna, M. J</creator><general>Am Physiological Soc</general><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20041001</creationdate><title>N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals</title><author>Medved, I ; Brown, M. J ; Bjorksten, A. R ; Murphy, K. T ; Petersen, A. C ; Sostaric, S ; Gong, X ; McKenna, M. J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-20aa87842e24739e1d10a639bbfa0b7c15bc2e52067364c1188c9be7d20f03c93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Acetylcysteine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biological Availability</topic><topic>Cross-Over Studies</topic><topic>Cysteine - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Exercise Test</topic><topic>Fatigue</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Glutathione - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infusions, Intravenous</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Muscle Fatigue - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscle Fatigue - physiology</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Muscular system</topic><topic>Physical Endurance - drug effects</topic><topic>Physical Endurance - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Exertion - drug effects</topic><topic>Physical Exertion - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Fitness - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Medved, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, M. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjorksten, A. R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murphy, K. T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petersen, A. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sostaric, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gong, X</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenna, M. J</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Medved, I</au><au>Brown, M. J</au><au>Bjorksten, A. R</au><au>Murphy, K. T</au><au>Petersen, A. C</au><au>Sostaric, S</au><au>Gong, X</au><au>McKenna, M. J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><date>2004-10-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>97</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1477</spage><epage>1485</epage><pages>1477-1485</pages><issn>8750-7587</issn><eissn>1522-1601</eissn><coden>JAPHEV</coden><abstract><![CDATA[1 Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance; Centre for Aging, Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport Science, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne 8001; 2 Department of Anaesthesia, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne 3084; and 3 Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Submitted 6 April 2004
; accepted in final form 7 June 2004
The production of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle is linked with muscle fatigue. This study investigated the effects of the antioxidant compound N -acetylcysteine (NAC) on muscle cysteine, cystine, and glutathione and on time to fatigue during prolonged, submaximal exercise in endurance athletes. Eight men completed a double-blind, crossover study, receiving NAC or placebo before and during cycling for 45 min at 71% peak oxygen consumption ( O 2 peak ) and then to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak . NAC was intravenously infused at 125 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 15 min and then at 25 mg·kg 1 ·h 1 for 20 min before and throughout exercise. Arterialized venous blood was analyzed for NAC, glutathione status, and cysteine concentration. A vastus lateralis biopsy was taken preinfusion, at 45 min of exercise, and at fatigue and was analyzed for NAC, total glutathione (TGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and cystine. Time to fatigue at 92% O 2 peak was reproducible in preliminary trials (coefficient of variation 5.6 ± 0.6%) and with NAC was enhanced by 26.3 ± 9.1% (NAC 6.4 ± 0.6 min vs. Con 5.3 ± 0.7 min; P < 0.05). NAC increased muscle total and reduced NAC at both 45 min and fatigue ( P < 0.005). Muscle cysteine and cystine were unchanged during Con, but were elevated above preinfusion levels with NAC ( P < 0.001). Muscle TGSH ( P < 0.05) declined and muscle GSH tended to decline ( P = 0.06) during exercise. Both were greater with NAC ( P < 0.05). Neither exercise nor NAC affected whole blood TGSH. Whereas blood GSH was decreased and calculated oxidized glutathione increased with exercise ( P < 0.05), both were unaffected by NAC. In conclusion, NAC improved performance in well-trained individuals, with enhanced muscle cysteine and GSH availability a likely mechanism.
reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; muscle fatigue; cysteine; cystine
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. J. McKenna, School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance (FO22), Victoria University of Technology, PO Box 14428, MCMC, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia (E-mail: michael.mckenna{at}vu.edu.au ).]]></abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Am Physiological Soc</pub><pmid>15194675</pmid><doi>10.1152/japplphysiol.00371.2004</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 8750-7587 |
| ispartof | Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2004-10, Vol.97 (4), p.1477-1485 |
| issn | 8750-7587 1522-1601 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_66863495 |
| source | MEDLINE; American Physiological Society Paid; Alma/SFX Local Collection; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Acetylcysteine - administration & dosage Adult Antioxidants Biological and medical sciences Biological Availability Cross-Over Studies Cysteine - pharmacokinetics Double-Blind Method Exercise Exercise Test Fatigue Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glutathione - pharmacokinetics Humans Infusions, Intravenous Male Muscle Fatigue - drug effects Muscle Fatigue - physiology Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Muscular system Physical Endurance - drug effects Physical Endurance - physiology Physical Exertion - drug effects Physical Exertion - physiology Physical Fitness - physiology |
| title | N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-11T18%3A23%3A13IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=N-acetylcysteine%20enhances%20muscle%20cysteine%20and%20glutathione%20availability%20and%20attenuates%20fatigue%20during%20prolonged%20exercise%20in%20endurance-trained%20individuals&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20applied%20physiology%20(1985)&rft.au=Medved,%20I&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1477&rft.epage=1485&rft.pages=1477-1485&rft.issn=8750-7587&rft.eissn=1522-1601&rft.coden=JAPHEV&rft_id=info:doi/10.1152/japplphysiol.00371.2004&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E66863495%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=222209400&rft_id=info:pmid/15194675&rfr_iscdi=true |