Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1–3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender

The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators galanin (GAL) and galanin-like peptide (GALP) are known to operate through three G protein-coupled receptors, GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in expression of mRNA for galanin, GALP and GALR1–3 in the hypothalamus and pit...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Reproduction (Cambridge, England) England), 2009-01, Vol.137 (1), p.141-150
Hauptverfasser: Whitelaw, Christine Margaret, Robinson, Jane Elizabeth, Chambers, George Ballantine, Hastie, Peter, Padmanabhan, Vasantha, Thompson, Robert Charles, Evans, Neil Price
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 150
container_issue 1
container_start_page 141
container_title Reproduction (Cambridge, England)
container_volume 137
creator Whitelaw, Christine Margaret
Robinson, Jane Elizabeth
Chambers, George Ballantine
Hastie, Peter
Padmanabhan, Vasantha
Thompson, Robert Charles
Evans, Neil Price
description The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators galanin (GAL) and galanin-like peptide (GALP) are known to operate through three G protein-coupled receptors, GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in expression of mRNA for galanin, GALP and GALR1–3 in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, of male and female sheep, to determine how expression changed in association with growth and the attainment of reproductive competence. Tissue samples from the hypothalami and pituitary glands were analysed from late foetal and pre-pubertal lambs and adult sheep. Although mRNA for galanin and GALR1-3 was present in both tissues, at all ages and in both genders, quantification of GALP mRNA was not possible due to its low levels of expression. mRNA expression for both galanin and its receptors was seen to change significantly in both tissues as a function of age. Specifically, hypothalamic galanin mRNA expression increased with age in the male, but decreased with age in the female pituitary gland. mRNA expression for all receptors increased between foetal and pre-pubertal age groups and decreased significantly between pre-pubertal and adult animals. The results indicate that the expression of mRNA for galanin and its receptors changes dynamically with age and those significant differences exist with regard to tissue type and gender. These changes suggest that galaninergic neuroendocrine systems could be involved in the regulation of ovine growth and or the development of reproductive competence. The roles played by these systems in the sheep, however, may differ from other species, in particular the neuroendocrine link between nutrition and reproduction and GALR1's role in pituitary signalling.
doi_str_mv 10.1530/REP-08-0266
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_66783386</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>66783386</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-b395t-d20615d83d33376478172d8a683a5b9e432b8276d14e9f0f1f4640a31fa1e5dd3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc1u1TAQhS0EoqWwYg9esYGAfxLbYVdVlx-pAlTo2nLicWK4iVM7AbrjHVjxejwJvuRegViw8mj8nTNjH4TuU_KUVpw8u9i8K4gqCBPiBjqmsqSFVHV9M9elJAUVTByhOyl9JIRWSorb6Igqxeq65Mfox-brFCElH0YcHB4u3pxiFyLuzNaMfnxyKIqt_wR4gmn2FrAZ7eECR2hzN8SE6c9v3znOrbkHHD77EXB_PYW5z-SwpN-qyc-Ln028xl2W2-cYnIN2Trvhpts7w2gh3kW3nNkmuLc_T9Dli82Hs1fF-duXr89Oz4uG19VcWEYErazilnMuRSkVlcwqIxQ3VVNDyVmjmBSWllA74qgrRUkMp85QqKzlJ-jR6jvFcLVAmvXgUwvbvB6EJWkhpOJciQw-XsE2hpQiOD1FP-SnaEr0Lgmdk9BE6V0SmX6wt12aAewfdv_1GWAr0Puu_-Ij6MaH1HoYZ-98a_52PeSbRQ9XkTNBmy76pC_fM0J5jlZWqt7Z0pX4x-1_u_4CNkSvGA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>66783386</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1–3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret ; Robinson, Jane Elizabeth ; Chambers, George Ballantine ; Hastie, Peter ; Padmanabhan, Vasantha ; Thompson, Robert Charles ; Evans, Neil Price</creator><creatorcontrib>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret ; Robinson, Jane Elizabeth ; Chambers, George Ballantine ; Hastie, Peter ; Padmanabhan, Vasantha ; Thompson, Robert Charles ; Evans, Neil Price</creatorcontrib><description>The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators galanin (GAL) and galanin-like peptide (GALP) are known to operate through three G protein-coupled receptors, GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in expression of mRNA for galanin, GALP and GALR1–3 in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, of male and female sheep, to determine how expression changed in association with growth and the attainment of reproductive competence. Tissue samples from the hypothalami and pituitary glands were analysed from late foetal and pre-pubertal lambs and adult sheep. Although mRNA for galanin and GALR1-3 was present in both tissues, at all ages and in both genders, quantification of GALP mRNA was not possible due to its low levels of expression. mRNA expression for both galanin and its receptors was seen to change significantly in both tissues as a function of age. Specifically, hypothalamic galanin mRNA expression increased with age in the male, but decreased with age in the female pituitary gland. mRNA expression for all receptors increased between foetal and pre-pubertal age groups and decreased significantly between pre-pubertal and adult animals. The results indicate that the expression of mRNA for galanin and its receptors changes dynamically with age and those significant differences exist with regard to tissue type and gender. These changes suggest that galaninergic neuroendocrine systems could be involved in the regulation of ovine growth and or the development of reproductive competence. The roles played by these systems in the sheep, however, may differ from other species, in particular the neuroendocrine link between nutrition and reproduction and GALR1's role in pituitary signalling.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1470-1626</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-7899</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1530/REP-08-0266</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18829943</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioScientifica</publisher><subject>Aging - metabolism ; Animals ; Female ; Galanin - genetics ; Galanin-Like Peptide - genetics ; Gender Identity ; Gene Expression ; Hypothalamus - metabolism ; Male ; Pituitary Gland - metabolism ; Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 - genetics ; Receptor, Galanin, Type 2 - genetics ; Receptor, Galanin, Type 3 - genetics ; Receptors, Galanin - genetics ; Receptors, Galanin - metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods ; RNA, Messenger - analysis ; Sheep - embryology ; Sheep - genetics ; Sheep - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Reproduction (Cambridge, England), 2009-01, Vol.137 (1), p.141-150</ispartof><rights>2009 Society for Reproduction and Fertility</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b395t-d20615d83d33376478172d8a683a5b9e432b8276d14e9f0f1f4640a31fa1e5dd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b395t-d20615d83d33376478172d8a683a5b9e432b8276d14e9f0f1f4640a31fa1e5dd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4010,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18829943$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Jane Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chambers, George Ballantine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hastie, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Padmanabhan, Vasantha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, Robert Charles</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evans, Neil Price</creatorcontrib><title>Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1–3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender</title><title>Reproduction (Cambridge, England)</title><addtitle>Reproduction</addtitle><description>The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators galanin (GAL) and galanin-like peptide (GALP) are known to operate through three G protein-coupled receptors, GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in expression of mRNA for galanin, GALP and GALR1–3 in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, of male and female sheep, to determine how expression changed in association with growth and the attainment of reproductive competence. Tissue samples from the hypothalami and pituitary glands were analysed from late foetal and pre-pubertal lambs and adult sheep. Although mRNA for galanin and GALR1-3 was present in both tissues, at all ages and in both genders, quantification of GALP mRNA was not possible due to its low levels of expression. mRNA expression for both galanin and its receptors was seen to change significantly in both tissues as a function of age. Specifically, hypothalamic galanin mRNA expression increased with age in the male, but decreased with age in the female pituitary gland. mRNA expression for all receptors increased between foetal and pre-pubertal age groups and decreased significantly between pre-pubertal and adult animals. The results indicate that the expression of mRNA for galanin and its receptors changes dynamically with age and those significant differences exist with regard to tissue type and gender. These changes suggest that galaninergic neuroendocrine systems could be involved in the regulation of ovine growth and or the development of reproductive competence. The roles played by these systems in the sheep, however, may differ from other species, in particular the neuroendocrine link between nutrition and reproduction and GALR1's role in pituitary signalling.</description><subject>Aging - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Galanin - genetics</subject><subject>Galanin-Like Peptide - genetics</subject><subject>Gender Identity</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Hypothalamus - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Pituitary Gland - metabolism</subject><subject>Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 - genetics</subject><subject>Receptor, Galanin, Type 2 - genetics</subject><subject>Receptor, Galanin, Type 3 - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Galanin - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Galanin - metabolism</subject><subject>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - analysis</subject><subject>Sheep - embryology</subject><subject>Sheep - genetics</subject><subject>Sheep - metabolism</subject><issn>1470-1626</issn><issn>1741-7899</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1u1TAQhS0EoqWwYg9esYGAfxLbYVdVlx-pAlTo2nLicWK4iVM7AbrjHVjxejwJvuRegViw8mj8nTNjH4TuU_KUVpw8u9i8K4gqCBPiBjqmsqSFVHV9M9elJAUVTByhOyl9JIRWSorb6Igqxeq65Mfox-brFCElH0YcHB4u3pxiFyLuzNaMfnxyKIqt_wR4gmn2FrAZ7eECR2hzN8SE6c9v3znOrbkHHD77EXB_PYW5z-SwpN-qyc-Ln028xl2W2-cYnIN2Trvhpts7w2gh3kW3nNkmuLc_T9Dli82Hs1fF-duXr89Oz4uG19VcWEYErazilnMuRSkVlcwqIxQ3VVNDyVmjmBSWllA74qgrRUkMp85QqKzlJ-jR6jvFcLVAmvXgUwvbvB6EJWkhpOJciQw-XsE2hpQiOD1FP-SnaEr0Lgmdk9BE6V0SmX6wt12aAewfdv_1GWAr0Puu_-Ij6MaH1HoYZ-98a_52PeSbRQ9XkTNBmy76pC_fM0J5jlZWqt7Z0pX4x-1_u_4CNkSvGA</recordid><startdate>200901</startdate><enddate>200901</enddate><creator>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret</creator><creator>Robinson, Jane Elizabeth</creator><creator>Chambers, George Ballantine</creator><creator>Hastie, Peter</creator><creator>Padmanabhan, Vasantha</creator><creator>Thompson, Robert Charles</creator><creator>Evans, Neil Price</creator><general>BioScientifica</general><general>BioScientifica Ltd</general><general>Society for Reproduction and Fertility</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200901</creationdate><title>Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1–3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender</title><author>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret ; Robinson, Jane Elizabeth ; Chambers, George Ballantine ; Hastie, Peter ; Padmanabhan, Vasantha ; Thompson, Robert Charles ; Evans, Neil Price</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b395t-d20615d83d33376478172d8a683a5b9e432b8276d14e9f0f1f4640a31fa1e5dd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Aging - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Galanin - genetics</topic><topic>Galanin-Like Peptide - genetics</topic><topic>Gender Identity</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Hypothalamus - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Pituitary Gland - metabolism</topic><topic>Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 - genetics</topic><topic>Receptor, Galanin, Type 2 - genetics</topic><topic>Receptor, Galanin, Type 3 - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Galanin - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Galanin - metabolism</topic><topic>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - analysis</topic><topic>Sheep - embryology</topic><topic>Sheep - genetics</topic><topic>Sheep - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Jane Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chambers, George Ballantine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hastie, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Padmanabhan, Vasantha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, Robert Charles</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evans, Neil Price</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Reproduction (Cambridge, England)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Whitelaw, Christine Margaret</au><au>Robinson, Jane Elizabeth</au><au>Chambers, George Ballantine</au><au>Hastie, Peter</au><au>Padmanabhan, Vasantha</au><au>Thompson, Robert Charles</au><au>Evans, Neil Price</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1–3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender</atitle><jtitle>Reproduction (Cambridge, England)</jtitle><addtitle>Reproduction</addtitle><date>2009-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>137</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>141</spage><epage>150</epage><pages>141-150</pages><issn>1470-1626</issn><eissn>1741-7899</eissn><abstract>The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators galanin (GAL) and galanin-like peptide (GALP) are known to operate through three G protein-coupled receptors, GALR1, GALR2 and GALR3. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in expression of mRNA for galanin, GALP and GALR1–3 in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, of male and female sheep, to determine how expression changed in association with growth and the attainment of reproductive competence. Tissue samples from the hypothalami and pituitary glands were analysed from late foetal and pre-pubertal lambs and adult sheep. Although mRNA for galanin and GALR1-3 was present in both tissues, at all ages and in both genders, quantification of GALP mRNA was not possible due to its low levels of expression. mRNA expression for both galanin and its receptors was seen to change significantly in both tissues as a function of age. Specifically, hypothalamic galanin mRNA expression increased with age in the male, but decreased with age in the female pituitary gland. mRNA expression for all receptors increased between foetal and pre-pubertal age groups and decreased significantly between pre-pubertal and adult animals. The results indicate that the expression of mRNA for galanin and its receptors changes dynamically with age and those significant differences exist with regard to tissue type and gender. These changes suggest that galaninergic neuroendocrine systems could be involved in the regulation of ovine growth and or the development of reproductive competence. The roles played by these systems in the sheep, however, may differ from other species, in particular the neuroendocrine link between nutrition and reproduction and GALR1's role in pituitary signalling.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioScientifica</pub><pmid>18829943</pmid><doi>10.1530/REP-08-0266</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1470-1626
ispartof Reproduction (Cambridge, England), 2009-01, Vol.137 (1), p.141-150
issn 1470-1626
1741-7899
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_66783386
source MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Aging - metabolism
Animals
Female
Galanin - genetics
Galanin-Like Peptide - genetics
Gender Identity
Gene Expression
Hypothalamus - metabolism
Male
Pituitary Gland - metabolism
Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 - genetics
Receptor, Galanin, Type 2 - genetics
Receptor, Galanin, Type 3 - genetics
Receptors, Galanin - genetics
Receptors, Galanin - metabolism
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods
RNA, Messenger - analysis
Sheep - embryology
Sheep - genetics
Sheep - metabolism
title Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1–3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-28T17%3A00%3A36IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Expression%20of%20mRNA%20for%20galanin,%20galanin-like%20peptide%20and%20galanin%20receptors%201%E2%80%933%20in%20the%20ovine%20hypothalamus%20and%20pituitary%20gland:%20effects%20of%20age%20and%20gender&rft.jtitle=Reproduction%20(Cambridge,%20England)&rft.au=Whitelaw,%20Christine%20Margaret&rft.date=2009-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=141&rft.epage=150&rft.pages=141-150&rft.issn=1470-1626&rft.eissn=1741-7899&rft_id=info:doi/10.1530/REP-08-0266&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E66783386%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=66783386&rft_id=info:pmid/18829943&rfr_iscdi=true