An analysis of using entomopathogenic nematodes against above-ground pests
Applications of entomopathogenic nematodes in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae have traditionally been targeted against soil insects. Nonetheless, research over the last two decades highlights the potential of such agents against above-ground pests under certain circumstances. A g...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bulletin of entomological research 2004-08, Vol.94 (4), p.297-306 |
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| creator | Arthurs, S. Heinz, K.M. Prasifka, J.R. |
| description | Applications of entomopathogenic nematodes in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae have traditionally been targeted against soil insects. Nonetheless, research over the last two decades highlights the potential of such agents against above-ground pests under certain circumstances. A general linear model was used to test for patterns in efficacy among 136 published trials with Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, the most common species applied against foliar and other above-ground pests. The focus was on field and greenhouse assessments, rather than laboratory assays where relevant ecological barriers to infection are typically removed. The model showed differences in nematode treatment efficacy depending on the pests’ target habitat (bore holes > cryptic foliage > exposed foliage) and trial location (greenhouse > field studies). Relative humidity and temperature during and up to 8 h post-application were also predicted to influence rates of nematode infection obtained. Conversely, spray adjuvants (both wetting agents and anti-desiccants) and nematode dosage applied (both concentration and use of consecutive applications 3–4 days apart) did not explain a significant amount of variance in nematode performance. With reference to case studies the model is used to discuss the relative importance of different factors on nematode efficacy and highlight priorities for workers considering using entomopathogenic nematodes to target pests in novel environments. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1079/BER2003309 |
| format | Article |
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Nonetheless, research over the last two decades highlights the potential of such agents against above-ground pests under certain circumstances. A general linear model was used to test for patterns in efficacy among 136 published trials with Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, the most common species applied against foliar and other above-ground pests. The focus was on field and greenhouse assessments, rather than laboratory assays where relevant ecological barriers to infection are typically removed. The model showed differences in nematode treatment efficacy depending on the pests’ target habitat (bore holes > cryptic foliage > exposed foliage) and trial location (greenhouse > field studies). Relative humidity and temperature during and up to 8 h post-application were also predicted to influence rates of nematode infection obtained. Conversely, spray adjuvants (both wetting agents and anti-desiccants) and nematode dosage applied (both concentration and use of consecutive applications 3–4 days apart) did not explain a significant amount of variance in nematode performance. With reference to case studies the model is used to discuss the relative importance of different factors on nematode efficacy and highlight priorities for workers considering using entomopathogenic nematodes to target pests in novel environments.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-4853</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1079/BER2003309</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15301695</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BEREA2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>adjuvants ; Agriculture - methods ; Animals ; application parameters ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological control ; biological control agents ; Boreholes ; Case studies ; Control ; Desiccants ; entomopathogenic nematodes ; Foliage ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; general linear model ; Greenhouses ; habitats ; Heterorhabditidae ; Humidity ; infection ; Infections ; insect pests ; Insecta - growth & development ; Insecticides ; Laboratories ; Leaves ; Linear Models ; Nematoda - physiology ; Nematodes ; Pest Control, Biological ; Pests ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection ; Protozoa. Invertebrates ; Relative humidity ; Soil - parasitology ; Steinernema carpocapsae ; Steinernematidae ; Temperature</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of entomological research, 2004-08, Vol.94 (4), p.297-306</ispartof><rights>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2004</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Cambridge University Press</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-36d53d5d4f0ddb938fd0e833af01dc1ee3124fcb927bbf1575d3454ec22a1e383</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-36d53d5d4f0ddb938fd0e833af01dc1ee3124fcb927bbf1575d3454ec22a1e383</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007485304000318/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,314,776,780,27903,27904,55606</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15978089$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15301695$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Arthurs, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinz, K.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prasifka, J.R.</creatorcontrib><title>An analysis of using entomopathogenic nematodes against above-ground pests</title><title>Bulletin of entomological research</title><addtitle>Bull. Entomol. Res</addtitle><description>Applications of entomopathogenic nematodes in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae have traditionally been targeted against soil insects. Nonetheless, research over the last two decades highlights the potential of such agents against above-ground pests under certain circumstances. A general linear model was used to test for patterns in efficacy among 136 published trials with Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, the most common species applied against foliar and other above-ground pests. The focus was on field and greenhouse assessments, rather than laboratory assays where relevant ecological barriers to infection are typically removed. The model showed differences in nematode treatment efficacy depending on the pests’ target habitat (bore holes > cryptic foliage > exposed foliage) and trial location (greenhouse > field studies). Relative humidity and temperature during and up to 8 h post-application were also predicted to influence rates of nematode infection obtained. Conversely, spray adjuvants (both wetting agents and anti-desiccants) and nematode dosage applied (both concentration and use of consecutive applications 3–4 days apart) did not explain a significant amount of variance in nematode performance. With reference to case studies the model is used to discuss the relative importance of different factors on nematode efficacy and highlight priorities for workers considering using entomopathogenic nematodes to target pests in novel environments.</description><subject>adjuvants</subject><subject>Agriculture - methods</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>application parameters</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological control</subject><subject>biological control agents</subject><subject>Boreholes</subject><subject>Case studies</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Desiccants</subject><subject>entomopathogenic nematodes</subject><subject>Foliage</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>general linear model</subject><subject>Greenhouses</subject><subject>habitats</subject><subject>Heterorhabditidae</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>infection</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>insect pests</subject><subject>Insecta - growth & development</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Nematoda - physiology</subject><subject>Nematodes</subject><subject>Pest Control, Biological</subject><subject>Pests</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Protozoa. Invertebrates</subject><subject>Relative humidity</subject><subject>Soil - parasitology</subject><subject>Steinernema carpocapsae</subject><subject>Steinernematidae</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><issn>0007-4853</issn><issn>1475-2670</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0V2L1DAUBuAgijuO3vgDtCzohVg9aZImuVyX_XAZ8Gv3OqRNUru2yZi04v57M0xxRASvQsjDG95zEHqK4Q0GLt--O_tcARAC8h5aYcpZWdUc7qMVAPCSCkaO0KOUbvOVSiofoiPMCOBashW6OvGF9nq4S30qgivm1PuusH4KY9jq6WvorO_bwttRT8HYVOhO9z5NhW7CD1t2MczeFFubpvQYPXB6SPbJcq7RzfnZ9elluflw8f70ZFO2lMNUktowYpihDoxpJBHOgBWEaAfYtNhagivq2kZWvGkcZpwZQhm1bVVpbIkga_Ryn7uN4fucf1Zjn1o7DNrbMCdV15zTmsj_QizyPET-eo2O_4K3YY55KklVQLAQIHFGr_aojSGlaJ3axn7U8U5hULs9qMMeMn62JM7NaM2BLoPP4MUCdGr14KL2bZ_-cJILELugcu_6NNmfv991_KZqTjhT9cUndX69-XhF60u1q_J8750OSncxZ958qQATAElprpLF66WHHpvYm84e2v6jyS8qmbTp</recordid><startdate>20040801</startdate><enddate>20040801</enddate><creator>Arthurs, S.</creator><creator>Heinz, K.M.</creator><creator>Prasifka, J.R.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040801</creationdate><title>An analysis of using entomopathogenic nematodes against above-ground pests</title><author>Arthurs, S. ; Heinz, K.M. ; Prasifka, J.R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-36d53d5d4f0ddb938fd0e833af01dc1ee3124fcb927bbf1575d3454ec22a1e383</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>adjuvants</topic><topic>Agriculture - methods</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>application parameters</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biological control</topic><topic>biological control agents</topic><topic>Boreholes</topic><topic>Case studies</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Desiccants</topic><topic>entomopathogenic nematodes</topic><topic>Foliage</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>general linear model</topic><topic>Greenhouses</topic><topic>habitats</topic><topic>Heterorhabditidae</topic><topic>Humidity</topic><topic>infection</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>insect pests</topic><topic>Insecta - growth & development</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Nematoda - physiology</topic><topic>Nematodes</topic><topic>Pest Control, Biological</topic><topic>Pests</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Protozoa. 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Entomol. Res</addtitle><date>2004-08-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>94</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>297</spage><epage>306</epage><pages>297-306</pages><issn>0007-4853</issn><eissn>1475-2670</eissn><coden>BEREA2</coden><abstract>Applications of entomopathogenic nematodes in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae have traditionally been targeted against soil insects. Nonetheless, research over the last two decades highlights the potential of such agents against above-ground pests under certain circumstances. A general linear model was used to test for patterns in efficacy among 136 published trials with Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, the most common species applied against foliar and other above-ground pests. The focus was on field and greenhouse assessments, rather than laboratory assays where relevant ecological barriers to infection are typically removed. The model showed differences in nematode treatment efficacy depending on the pests’ target habitat (bore holes > cryptic foliage > exposed foliage) and trial location (greenhouse > field studies). Relative humidity and temperature during and up to 8 h post-application were also predicted to influence rates of nematode infection obtained. Conversely, spray adjuvants (both wetting agents and anti-desiccants) and nematode dosage applied (both concentration and use of consecutive applications 3–4 days apart) did not explain a significant amount of variance in nematode performance. With reference to case studies the model is used to discuss the relative importance of different factors on nematode efficacy and highlight priorities for workers considering using entomopathogenic nematodes to target pests in novel environments.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>15301695</pmid><doi>10.1079/BER2003309</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | adjuvants Agriculture - methods Animals application parameters Biological and medical sciences Biological control biological control agents Boreholes Case studies Control Desiccants entomopathogenic nematodes Foliage Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology general linear model Greenhouses habitats Heterorhabditidae Humidity infection Infections insect pests Insecta - growth & development Insecticides Laboratories Leaves Linear Models Nematoda - physiology Nematodes Pest Control, Biological Pests Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Protozoa. Invertebrates Relative humidity Soil - parasitology Steinernema carpocapsae Steinernematidae Temperature |
| title | An analysis of using entomopathogenic nematodes against above-ground pests |
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