Glandular trichome extracts from Medicago sativa deter settling by the potato leafhopper Empoasca fabae

Extracts of glandular trichomes from Medicago sativa were tested for their ability to disrupt the settling behavior of the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae. Erect and procumbent glandular trichomes were mechanically isolated from stem sections of resistant genotype "G98A," and nonglandula...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of chemical ecology 2004-05, Vol.30 (5), p.927-943
Hauptverfasser: Ranger, C.M, Backus, E.A, Winter, R.E.K, Rottinghaus, G.E, Ellersieck, M.R, Johnson, D.W
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container_end_page 943
container_issue 5
container_start_page 927
container_title Journal of chemical ecology
container_volume 30
creator Ranger, C.M
Backus, E.A
Winter, R.E.K
Rottinghaus, G.E
Ellersieck, M.R
Johnson, D.W
description Extracts of glandular trichomes from Medicago sativa were tested for their ability to disrupt the settling behavior of the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae. Erect and procumbent glandular trichomes were mechanically isolated from stem sections of resistant genotype "G98A," and nonglandular trichomes were collected from susceptible cultivar "Ranger." Isolated trichomes were extracted with chloroform, acetone, and ethanol, and the resulting crude extracts were applied to the surface of a sachet containing an artificial diet. Leafhoppers were offered a two-way choice between crude trichome extracts from G98A and Ranger. All three of G98A solvent extracts caused various degrees of diet rejection, resulting in the crude Ranger trichome extracts being preferred over G98A extracts. Overall, the fewest leafhoppers settled on the ethanolic extracts. Additional bioassays documented a dose response associated with G98A ethanolic extracts when compared with Ranger trichome extracts and a solvent control. No difference in preference behavior was detected between Ranger trichome extracts and a solvent control. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed a homologous series of nonvolatile fatty acid amides C(n)H(2n+1) NO (n = 19-23) unique to G98A glandular trichome extracts.
doi_str_mv 10.1023/B:JOEC.0000028459.45035.90
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Erect and procumbent glandular trichomes were mechanically isolated from stem sections of resistant genotype "G98A," and nonglandular trichomes were collected from susceptible cultivar "Ranger." Isolated trichomes were extracted with chloroform, acetone, and ethanol, and the resulting crude extracts were applied to the surface of a sachet containing an artificial diet. Leafhoppers were offered a two-way choice between crude trichome extracts from G98A and Ranger. All three of G98A solvent extracts caused various degrees of diet rejection, resulting in the crude Ranger trichome extracts being preferred over G98A extracts. Overall, the fewest leafhoppers settled on the ethanolic extracts. Additional bioassays documented a dose response associated with G98A ethanolic extracts when compared with Ranger trichome extracts and a solvent control. No difference in preference behavior was detected between Ranger trichome extracts and a solvent control. 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Psychology ; Gas chromatography ; Hemiptera - drug effects ; Hemiptera - physiology ; host seeking ; insect pests ; Mass Spectrometry ; Medicago sativa ; Medicago sativa - chemistry ; Pest Control, Biological - methods ; pest resistance ; plant extracts ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; Plant Stems - chemistry ; Population Density ; Potatoes ; Protozoa. 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Erect and procumbent glandular trichomes were mechanically isolated from stem sections of resistant genotype "G98A," and nonglandular trichomes were collected from susceptible cultivar "Ranger." Isolated trichomes were extracted with chloroform, acetone, and ethanol, and the resulting crude extracts were applied to the surface of a sachet containing an artificial diet. Leafhoppers were offered a two-way choice between crude trichome extracts from G98A and Ranger. All three of G98A solvent extracts caused various degrees of diet rejection, resulting in the crude Ranger trichome extracts being preferred over G98A extracts. Overall, the fewest leafhoppers settled on the ethanolic extracts. Additional bioassays documented a dose response associated with G98A ethanolic extracts when compared with Ranger trichome extracts and a solvent control. No difference in preference behavior was detected between Ranger trichome extracts and a solvent control. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed a homologous series of nonvolatile fatty acid amides C(n)H(2n+1) NO (n = 19-23) unique to G98A glandular trichome extracts.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Springer</pub><pmid>15274440</pmid><doi>10.1023/B:JOEC.0000028459.45035.90</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Alfalfa
Amides
Amides - analysis
Amides - metabolism
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Autoecology
Bioassays
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Assay
Chloroform
Chromatography, Gas
Cicadellidae
Cultivars
dose response
Empoasca fabae
Ethanol
Fabaceae
Fatty Acids - analysis
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gas chromatography
Hemiptera - drug effects
Hemiptera - physiology
host seeking
insect pests
Mass Spectrometry
Medicago sativa
Medicago sativa - chemistry
Pest Control, Biological - methods
pest resistance
plant extracts
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Plant Stems - chemistry
Population Density
Potatoes
Protozoa. Invertebrata
Settling behavior
Solanum tuberosum - parasitology
Solvents
Solvents - chemistry
Time
trichomes
title Glandular trichome extracts from Medicago sativa deter settling by the potato leafhopper Empoasca fabae
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