Chromosomes of tuatara, Sphenodon, a chromosome heteromorphism and an archaic reptilian karyotype
We examined karyotypes of the endemic New Zealand reptile genus Sphenodon (tuatara) from five populations, finding a karyotype unchanged for at least one million years. Animals karyotyped were from five geographically distinct populations, representing three groups, namely S. guntheri, S. punctatus...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Cytogenetic and genome research 2004-01, Vol.105 (1), p.93-99 |
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| creator | Norris, T.B. Rickards, G.K. Daugherty, C.H. |
| description | We examined karyotypes of the endemic New Zealand reptile genus Sphenodon (tuatara) from five populations, finding a karyotype unchanged for at least one million years. Animals karyotyped were from five geographically distinct populations, representing three groups, namely S. guntheri, S. punctatus (Cook Strait group), and S. punctatus (northeastern North Island group). All five populations have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 36, consisting of 14 pairs of macrochromosomes and four pairs of microchromosomes. Chromosomal differences were not found between the five populations nor between female and male animals, except for one animal with a structural heteromorphism. Similarity between Sphenodon and Testudine karyotypes suggests an ancestral karyotype with a macrochromosome complement of 14 pairs and the ability to accumulate variable numbers of microchromosome pairs. Our research supports molecular phylogenies of the Reptilia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1159/000078014 |
| format | Article |
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Animals karyotyped were from five geographically distinct populations, representing three groups, namely S. guntheri, S. punctatus (Cook Strait group), and S. punctatus (northeastern North Island group). All five populations have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 36, consisting of 14 pairs of macrochromosomes and four pairs of microchromosomes. Chromosomal differences were not found between the five populations nor between female and male animals, except for one animal with a structural heteromorphism. Similarity between Sphenodon and Testudine karyotypes suggests an ancestral karyotype with a macrochromosome complement of 14 pairs and the ability to accumulate variable numbers of microchromosome pairs. 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| subjects | Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Mapping Animals Chromosome Banding Chromosomes Evolution, Molecular Female Karyotyping Lizards - classification Lizards - genetics Male Phylogeny |
| title | Chromosomes of tuatara, Sphenodon, a chromosome heteromorphism and an archaic reptilian karyotype |
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