Exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus spores induces chemokine expression in mouse macrophages
Inhalation of fungal spores may cause inflammation and respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, allergic alveolitis, and asthma. Alveolar macrophages provide the first line of defense in the respiratory tract. To examine the cellular mechanisms involved in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced airway infla...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Toxicology (Amsterdam) 2004-08, Vol.200 (2-3), p.255-263 |
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creator | Pylkkänen, Lea Gullstén, Harriet Majuri, Marja-Leena Andersson, Ulpu Vanhala, Esa Määttä, Juha Meklin, Teija Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta Alenius, Harri Savolainen, Kai |
description | Inhalation of fungal spores may cause inflammation and respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, allergic alveolitis, and asthma. Alveolar macrophages provide the first line of defense in the respiratory tract. To examine the cellular mechanisms involved in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced airway inflammation, mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) cells were exposed for 2h or 6h to graded doses of A. fumigatus spores that were either alive or heat-killed. Furthermore, the ability of the cells to phagocytize the spores was visualized by electron microscopy. Expression of selected cytokines and chemokines was assessed by a real time quantitative PCR method and by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) after exposure. A significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MCP-1 was observed with a maximal induction at 6h after exposure to the highest (1×107) concentration of live spores. Similar response was not detected with heat-killed spores in the expression of chemokines and cytokines, even though there were no differences between the phagocytosis of live and heat-killed spores. These results suggest that exposure to live spores of A. fumigatus can modulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in mouse macrophages and thus influence the development of inflammatory processes in the airways. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.019 |
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Alveolar macrophages provide the first line of defense in the respiratory tract. To examine the cellular mechanisms involved in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced airway inflammation, mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) cells were exposed for 2h or 6h to graded doses of A. fumigatus spores that were either alive or heat-killed. Furthermore, the ability of the cells to phagocytize the spores was visualized by electron microscopy. Expression of selected cytokines and chemokines was assessed by a real time quantitative PCR method and by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) after exposure. A significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MCP-1 was observed with a maximal induction at 6h after exposure to the highest (1×107) concentration of live spores. Similar response was not detected with heat-killed spores in the expression of chemokines and cytokines, even though there were no differences between the phagocytosis of live and heat-killed spores. These results suggest that exposure to live spores of A. fumigatus can modulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in mouse macrophages and thus influence the development of inflammatory processes in the airways.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0300-483X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3185</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.019</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15212821</identifier><identifier>CODEN: TXICDD</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Shannon: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cell Line ; Chemokine ; Chemokine CCL2 - biosynthesis ; Chemokines - biosynthesis ; Cytokine ; Cytokines - biosynthesis ; DNA, Complementary - biosynthesis ; DNA, Complementary - genetics ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis ; Macrophages - metabolism ; Medical sciences ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mouse macrophage ; Phagocytosis ; Phagocytosis - physiology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis ; Spores, Fungal ; Toxicology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis</subject><ispartof>Toxicology (Amsterdam), 2004-08, Vol.200 (2-3), p.255-263</ispartof><rights>2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-3fe2bf88b88edeef58ffd33988b459647c402282b19a1a639dbd17f6c52477bb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-3fe2bf88b88edeef58ffd33988b459647c402282b19a1a639dbd17f6c52477bb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300483X04001921$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15912923$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15212821$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pylkkänen, Lea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gullstén, Harriet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Majuri, Marja-Leena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andersson, Ulpu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanhala, Esa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Määttä, Juha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meklin, Teija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alenius, Harri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savolainen, Kai</creatorcontrib><title>Exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus spores induces chemokine expression in mouse macrophages</title><title>Toxicology (Amsterdam)</title><addtitle>Toxicology</addtitle><description>Inhalation of fungal spores may cause inflammation and respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, allergic alveolitis, and asthma. Alveolar macrophages provide the first line of defense in the respiratory tract. To examine the cellular mechanisms involved in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced airway inflammation, mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) cells were exposed for 2h or 6h to graded doses of A. fumigatus spores that were either alive or heat-killed. Furthermore, the ability of the cells to phagocytize the spores was visualized by electron microscopy. Expression of selected cytokines and chemokines was assessed by a real time quantitative PCR method and by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) after exposure. A significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MCP-1 was observed with a maximal induction at 6h after exposure to the highest (1×107) concentration of live spores. Similar response was not detected with heat-killed spores in the expression of chemokines and cytokines, even though there were no differences between the phagocytosis of live and heat-killed spores. These results suggest that exposure to live spores of A. fumigatus can modulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in mouse macrophages and thus influence the development of inflammatory processes in the airways.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aspergillus fumigatus</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Chemokine</subject><subject>Chemokine CCL2 - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Chemokines - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Cytokine</subject><subject>Cytokines - biosynthesis</subject><subject>DNA, Complementary - biosynthesis</subject><subject>DNA, Complementary - genetics</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Macrophages - metabolism</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron</subject><subject>Mouse macrophage</subject><subject>Phagocytosis</subject><subject>Phagocytosis - physiology</subject><subject>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Spores, Fungal</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis</subject><issn>0300-483X</issn><issn>1879-3185</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1v1DAQhi0EokvhB3BBucAtwWPnwxanqiofUiUuICEuluOMt16SOHiSavn3uNqV4ASnsTzPjN55GHsJvAIO7dtDtcZjJTivKy4rDvoR24HqdClBNY_ZjkvOy1rJbxfsGdGBcy5k3T5lF9AIEErAjn2_OS6RtoTFGosrWjDtwzhuVPhtCnu75hctMSEVYR42l6u7wyn-CDMWeFxyg0Kcc7OY4kZYTNaluNzZPdJz9sTbkfDFuV6yr-9vvlx_LG8_f_h0fXVbuhr4WkqPovdK9UrhgOgb5f0gpc4_daPbunM1FzlsD9qCbaUe-gE637pG1F3X9_KSvTntXVL8uSGtZgrkcBztjDmTadu8RDTNf0HotJJdqzIIJzDfQpTQmyWFyaZfBrh5MG8OJps3D-YNlyabzzOvzsu3fsLhz8RZdQZenwFLzo4-2dkF-ovTILSQmXt34jA7uw-YDLmAs8MhJHSrGWL4R4zf9S2ixw</recordid><startdate>20040805</startdate><enddate>20040805</enddate><creator>Pylkkänen, Lea</creator><creator>Gullstén, Harriet</creator><creator>Majuri, Marja-Leena</creator><creator>Andersson, Ulpu</creator><creator>Vanhala, Esa</creator><creator>Määttä, Juha</creator><creator>Meklin, Teija</creator><creator>Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta</creator><creator>Alenius, Harri</creator><creator>Savolainen, Kai</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040805</creationdate><title>Exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus spores induces chemokine expression in mouse macrophages</title><author>Pylkkänen, Lea ; Gullstén, Harriet ; Majuri, Marja-Leena ; Andersson, Ulpu ; Vanhala, Esa ; Määttä, Juha ; Meklin, Teija ; Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta ; Alenius, Harri ; Savolainen, Kai</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-3fe2bf88b88edeef58ffd33988b459647c402282b19a1a639dbd17f6c52477bb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aspergillus fumigatus</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell Line</topic><topic>Chemokine</topic><topic>Chemokine CCL2 - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Chemokines - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Cytokine</topic><topic>Cytokines - biosynthesis</topic><topic>DNA, Complementary - biosynthesis</topic><topic>DNA, Complementary - genetics</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Macrophages - metabolism</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron</topic><topic>Mouse macrophage</topic><topic>Phagocytosis</topic><topic>Phagocytosis - physiology</topic><topic>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Spores, Fungal</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pylkkänen, Lea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gullstén, Harriet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Majuri, Marja-Leena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andersson, Ulpu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanhala, Esa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Määttä, Juha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meklin, Teija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alenius, Harri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savolainen, Kai</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Toxicology (Amsterdam)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pylkkänen, Lea</au><au>Gullstén, Harriet</au><au>Majuri, Marja-Leena</au><au>Andersson, Ulpu</au><au>Vanhala, Esa</au><au>Määttä, Juha</au><au>Meklin, Teija</au><au>Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta</au><au>Alenius, Harri</au><au>Savolainen, Kai</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus spores induces chemokine expression in mouse macrophages</atitle><jtitle>Toxicology (Amsterdam)</jtitle><addtitle>Toxicology</addtitle><date>2004-08-05</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>200</volume><issue>2-3</issue><spage>255</spage><epage>263</epage><pages>255-263</pages><issn>0300-483X</issn><eissn>1879-3185</eissn><coden>TXICDD</coden><abstract>Inhalation of fungal spores may cause inflammation and respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, allergic alveolitis, and asthma. Alveolar macrophages provide the first line of defense in the respiratory tract. To examine the cellular mechanisms involved in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced airway inflammation, mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) cells were exposed for 2h or 6h to graded doses of A. fumigatus spores that were either alive or heat-killed. Furthermore, the ability of the cells to phagocytize the spores was visualized by electron microscopy. Expression of selected cytokines and chemokines was assessed by a real time quantitative PCR method and by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) after exposure. A significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF-α, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MCP-1 was observed with a maximal induction at 6h after exposure to the highest (1×107) concentration of live spores. Similar response was not detected with heat-killed spores in the expression of chemokines and cytokines, even though there were no differences between the phagocytosis of live and heat-killed spores. These results suggest that exposure to live spores of A. fumigatus can modulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in mouse macrophages and thus influence the development of inflammatory processes in the airways.</abstract><cop>Shannon</cop><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>15212821</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.019</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Aspergillus fumigatus Biological and medical sciences Cell Line Chemokine Chemokine CCL2 - biosynthesis Chemokines - biosynthesis Cytokine Cytokines - biosynthesis DNA, Complementary - biosynthesis DNA, Complementary - genetics Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis Macrophages - metabolism Medical sciences Mice Microscopy, Electron Mouse macrophage Phagocytosis Phagocytosis - physiology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis Spores, Fungal Toxicology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - biosynthesis |
title | Exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus spores induces chemokine expression in mouse macrophages |
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