An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities
Several cross-sectional investigations have found associations between mortality rates and particulate air pollution in U.S. metropolitan areas 1 – 3 . A recent study reported associations between infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the Czech Republic 4 . These studies have often been...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The New England journal of medicine 1993-12, Vol.329 (24), p.1753-1759 |
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| container_title | The New England journal of medicine |
| container_volume | 329 |
| creator | Dockery, Douglas W Pope, C. Arden Xu, Xiping Spengler, John D Ware, James H Fay, Martha E Ferris, Benjamin G Speizer, Frank E |
| description | Several cross-sectional investigations have found associations between mortality rates and particulate air pollution in U.S. metropolitan areas
1
–
3
. A recent study reported associations between infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the Czech Republic
4
. These studies have often been criticized because they did not control directly for cigarette smoking or other covariates. Recent daily time-series studies, which are likely to be free of confounding by individual characteristics, have reported associations between daily mortality rates and changes in air pollution, specifically particulate pollution, in London
5
and in several cities in the United States
6
–
12
.
Particulate air pollution is . . . |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1056/NEJM199312093292401 |
| format | Article |
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1
–
3
. A recent study reported associations between infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the Czech Republic
4
. These studies have often been criticized because they did not control directly for cigarette smoking or other covariates. Recent daily time-series studies, which are likely to be free of confounding by individual characteristics, have reported associations between daily mortality rates and changes in air pollution, specifically particulate pollution, in London
5
and in several cities in the United States
6
–
12
.
Particulate air pollution is . . .</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-4793</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1533-4406</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199312093292401</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8179653</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NEJMAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston, MA: Massachusetts Medical Society</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Air Pollution ; Air Pollution - adverse effects ; Analysis. Health state ; Asthma ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cause of Death ; Cigarette smoking ; Cities ; Confidence Intervals ; Environmental health ; Epidemiology ; Family medical history ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; General aspects ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Lung cancer ; Lung diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Mortality Rates ; Outdoor air quality ; Particulate matter ; Pollution ; Population studies ; Prospective Studies ; Public health ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Smoking - mortality ; Statistical analysis ; Survival Analysis ; United States - epidemiology ; United States of America ; Urban Health - statistics & numerical data</subject><ispartof>The New England journal of medicine, 1993-12, Vol.329 (24), p.1753-1759</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 1993 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>1994 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5801-fc7bce93c03ce984707bdd92de6b952b400c9f25fe5ed2d5666e4156d4dace793</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5801-fc7bce93c03ce984707bdd92de6b952b400c9f25fe5ed2d5666e4156d4dace793</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM199312093292401$$EPDF$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199312093292401$$EHTML$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2746,2747,26080,27901,27902,33752,52357,54039</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3843371$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8179653$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dockery, Douglas W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pope, C. Arden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Xiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spengler, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ware, James H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fay, Martha E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferris, Benjamin G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Speizer, Frank E</creatorcontrib><title>An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities</title><title>The New England journal of medicine</title><addtitle>N Engl J Med</addtitle><description>Several cross-sectional investigations have found associations between mortality rates and particulate air pollution in U.S. metropolitan areas
1
–
3
. A recent study reported associations between infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the Czech Republic
4
. These studies have often been criticized because they did not control directly for cigarette smoking or other covariates. Recent daily time-series studies, which are likely to be free of confounding by individual characteristics, have reported associations between daily mortality rates and changes in air pollution, specifically particulate pollution, in London
5
and in several cities in the United States
6
–
12
.
Particulate air pollution is . . .</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Air Pollution</subject><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects</subject><subject>Analysis. Health state</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cause of Death</subject><subject>Cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>Environmental health</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lung cancer</subject><subject>Lung diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mortality Rates</subject><subject>Outdoor air quality</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - mortality</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Survival Analysis</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>United States of America</subject><subject>Urban Health - statistics & numerical data</subject><issn>0028-4793</issn><issn>1533-4406</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1993</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkW1rFDEQx4NY6ln9BCIsKlKQPTOZPGxeHsfVB1pbqH29ZJMs5NiHmuzS9ts39Y6-EK3zZmDmN_9h5k_IG6BLoEJ-_rH5fgZaIzCqkWnGKTwjCxCIJedUPicLSllVcqXxBXmZ0pbmAK4PyWEFSkuBC7JZDcUqpdEGM4VxKBo_3XifayEWF2PXzb-rZnDF2Rgn04XprghDcRlui6vl5bJYhyn49IoctKZL_vU-H5Grk83P9dfy9PzLt_XqtLSiolC2VjXWa7QUc6q4oqpxTjPnZaMFazilVrdMtF54x5yQUnoOQjrujPX5jCPycad7Hcdfs09T3YdkfdeZwY9zqiVIzJtkBo-fBEFJUPmJlfivJkiJnCPP4Ls_wO04xyHfWzOGWiFnmKH3_4JAVyhlBYJmCneUjWNK0bf1dQy9iXc10PrB2_ov3uapt3vtuem9e5zZm5n7H_Z9k6zp2mgGG9IjhhVHVA8yn3ZY36d68Nv-yaX3j5qz0A</recordid><startdate>19931209</startdate><enddate>19931209</enddate><creator>Dockery, Douglas W</creator><creator>Pope, C. Arden</creator><creator>Xu, Xiping</creator><creator>Spengler, John D</creator><creator>Ware, James H</creator><creator>Fay, Martha E</creator><creator>Ferris, Benjamin G</creator><creator>Speizer, Frank E</creator><general>Massachusetts Medical Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0TZ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K0Y</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7U3</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19931209</creationdate><title>An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities</title><author>Dockery, Douglas W ; Pope, C. Arden ; Xu, Xiping ; Spengler, John D ; Ware, James H ; Fay, Martha E ; Ferris, Benjamin G ; Speizer, Frank E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5801-fc7bce93c03ce984707bdd92de6b952b400c9f25fe5ed2d5666e4156d4dace793</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1993</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Air Pollution</topic><topic>Air Pollution - adverse effects</topic><topic>Analysis. Health state</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cause of Death</topic><topic>Cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Cities</topic><topic>Confidence Intervals</topic><topic>Environmental health</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Family medical history</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Lung diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mortality Rates</topic><topic>Outdoor air quality</topic><topic>Particulate matter</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. 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1
–
3
. A recent study reported associations between infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the Czech Republic
4
. These studies have often been criticized because they did not control directly for cigarette smoking or other covariates. Recent daily time-series studies, which are likely to be free of confounding by individual characteristics, have reported associations between daily mortality rates and changes in air pollution, specifically particulate pollution, in London
5
and in several cities in the United States
6
–
12
.
Particulate air pollution is . . .</abstract><cop>Boston, MA</cop><pub>Massachusetts Medical Society</pub><pmid>8179653</pmid><doi>10.1056/NEJM199312093292401</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0028-4793 |
| ispartof | The New England journal of medicine, 1993-12, Vol.329 (24), p.1753-1759 |
| issn | 0028-4793 1533-4406 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_61635806 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Sociological Abstracts; New England Journal of Medicine |
| subjects | Adult Age Aged Air Pollution Air Pollution - adverse effects Analysis. Health state Asthma Biological and medical sciences Cause of Death Cigarette smoking Cities Confidence Intervals Environmental health Epidemiology Family medical history Female Follow-Up Studies General aspects Hospitals Humans Lung cancer Lung diseases Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Mortality Mortality Rates Outdoor air quality Particulate matter Pollution Population studies Prospective Studies Public health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Risk Factors Smoking Smoking - mortality Statistical analysis Survival Analysis United States - epidemiology United States of America Urban Health - statistics & numerical data |
| title | An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities |
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