THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL INTOXICATION, STRESSORS AND INJURY IN URBAN VIOLENCE
The relationships between alcohol consumption and intoxication, stressors and injury in urban violence were investigated in parallel case control and cohort studies of injured people presenting at a large Accident and Emergency Department. Alcohol intoxication and consumption were assessed using the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of criminology 1996-10, Vol.36 (4), p.546-566 |
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| container_title | British journal of criminology |
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| creator | Shepherd, Jonathan Brickley, Mark |
| description | The relationships between alcohol consumption and intoxication, stressors and injury in urban violence were investigated in parallel case control and cohort studies of injured people presenting at a large Accident and Emergency Department. Alcohol intoxication and consumption were assessed using the breath analysis and diary method, stressors were assessed using the Holmes and Rahle Life Style Score for the periods up to one week; more than one week but less than one month; more than one month but less than one year; and more than a year prior to injury, and injury severity was calculated by means of four injury severity indices. The Glasgow Coma Score was recorded as a measure of the effect of alcohol on brain function. Cases could not be differentiated from controls on the basis of experience of major life events or minor stressors in the period prior to injury, or on the basis of age, employment status, social class or the types of relationship formed with peers or sexual partners. Cases drank more during an average weekend than controls, drank more on each weekend drinking session than controls, and were more likely to binge drink (consume more than ten units) compared to controls. Consumption of more than ten units of alcohol in the six hours prior to assault and blood alcohol levels of greater than 160 mgm per 100 ml were associated with injury. A predominance of facial injuries was found. While blood alcohol concentration and injury severity were significantly related to levels of alcohol consciousness, there was no significant relationship between injury severity and blood alcohol concentrations. The results of this study suggest that heavy binge drinking increases vulnerability to injury. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a014110 |
| format | Article |
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Alcohol intoxication and consumption were assessed using the breath analysis and diary method, stressors were assessed using the Holmes and Rahle Life Style Score for the periods up to one week; more than one week but less than one month; more than one month but less than one year; and more than a year prior to injury, and injury severity was calculated by means of four injury severity indices. The Glasgow Coma Score was recorded as a measure of the effect of alcohol on brain function. Cases could not be differentiated from controls on the basis of experience of major life events or minor stressors in the period prior to injury, or on the basis of age, employment status, social class or the types of relationship formed with peers or sexual partners. Cases drank more during an average weekend than controls, drank more on each weekend drinking session than controls, and were more likely to binge drink (consume more than ten units) compared to controls. Consumption of more than ten units of alcohol in the six hours prior to assault and blood alcohol levels of greater than 160 mgm per 100 ml were associated with injury. A predominance of facial injuries was found. While blood alcohol concentration and injury severity were significantly related to levels of alcohol consciousness, there was no significant relationship between injury severity and blood alcohol concentrations. The results of this study suggest that heavy binge drinking increases vulnerability to injury.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-0955</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-3529</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a014110</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJCDAR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Accident and emergency departments ; Alcohol Abuse ; Alcohol drinking ; Alcohol intoxication ; Alcohol use ; Alcoholic beverages ; Alcoholic intoxication ; Alcoholism ; Alcoholism and crime ; Analysis ; Assault ; Cities ; Crime ; Criminal sociology. Police. Delinquency. Deviance. Suicide ; Downtowns ; Drinking of alcoholic beverages ; Drunkenness ; England ; Factors ; Friendship ; Injuries ; Males ; Patients ; Personal injuries ; Physical trauma ; Relationship ; Social aspects ; Sociology ; Sociology of law and criminology ; Stress ; Urban Areas ; Urban Crime ; Urban life ; Urban violence ; Violence ; Violent crimes</subject><ispartof>British journal of criminology, 1996-10, Vol.36 (4), p.546-566</ispartof><rights>The Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency 1996</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1996 Oxford University Press</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press(England) Autumn 1996</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c631t-80932c079bdb58f9ad7caf67bb5c38d5835b64454521f84acd3cf059ffc57c4b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23638080$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/23638080$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27846,27901,27902,30977,33751,33752,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=6279709$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shepherd, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brickley, Mark</creatorcontrib><title>THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL INTOXICATION, STRESSORS AND INJURY IN URBAN VIOLENCE</title><title>British journal of criminology</title><description>The relationships between alcohol consumption and intoxication, stressors and injury in urban violence were investigated in parallel case control and cohort studies of injured people presenting at a large Accident and Emergency Department. Alcohol intoxication and consumption were assessed using the breath analysis and diary method, stressors were assessed using the Holmes and Rahle Life Style Score for the periods up to one week; more than one week but less than one month; more than one month but less than one year; and more than a year prior to injury, and injury severity was calculated by means of four injury severity indices. The Glasgow Coma Score was recorded as a measure of the effect of alcohol on brain function. Cases could not be differentiated from controls on the basis of experience of major life events or minor stressors in the period prior to injury, or on the basis of age, employment status, social class or the types of relationship formed with peers or sexual partners. Cases drank more during an average weekend than controls, drank more on each weekend drinking session than controls, and were more likely to binge drink (consume more than ten units) compared to controls. Consumption of more than ten units of alcohol in the six hours prior to assault and blood alcohol levels of greater than 160 mgm per 100 ml were associated with injury. A predominance of facial injuries was found. While blood alcohol concentration and injury severity were significantly related to levels of alcohol consciousness, there was no significant relationship between injury severity and blood alcohol concentrations. The results of this study suggest that heavy binge drinking increases vulnerability to injury.</description><subject>Accident and emergency departments</subject><subject>Alcohol Abuse</subject><subject>Alcohol drinking</subject><subject>Alcohol intoxication</subject><subject>Alcohol use</subject><subject>Alcoholic beverages</subject><subject>Alcoholic intoxication</subject><subject>Alcoholism</subject><subject>Alcoholism and crime</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Assault</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Crime</subject><subject>Criminal sociology. Police. Delinquency. Deviance. Suicide</subject><subject>Downtowns</subject><subject>Drinking of alcoholic beverages</subject><subject>Drunkenness</subject><subject>England</subject><subject>Factors</subject><subject>Friendship</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Personal injuries</subject><subject>Physical trauma</subject><subject>Relationship</subject><subject>Social aspects</subject><subject>Sociology</subject><subject>Sociology of law and criminology</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Urban Areas</subject><subject>Urban Crime</subject><subject>Urban life</subject><subject>Urban violence</subject><subject>Violence</subject><subject>Violent crimes</subject><issn>0007-0955</issn><issn>1464-3529</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFklFv0zAUhSMEEqXwE5CigXhaih3bsc1bGzJaFCWoScfYi-U48ZSSJsNupe3f49JSBBqa_HBln89H99rH884gmEDA0fvhTg-mXg8708vOTqq1mkgAMYTgiTeCOMIBIiF_6o0AADQAnJDn3gtr124bcQxH3qqcJ_4ySaflIs-K-eKLP0vKr0mS-dM0zud56i-yMr9axL-Ac78ol0lR5MvCn2YfnfZ5tfzmir9azqaZf7nI0ySLk5feM-36aV4d69hbXSRlPA_S_JOzSgMVIbgNmBshVIDyqq4I01zWVEkd0aoiCrGaMESqCGOCSQg1w1LVSGlAuNaKUIUrNPbeHXxvzfBj19it2LRWNV0n-2bYWRG5J-AEhI-ChFJKOKCPgohxBBBHDjz7B_z9CwJypzPoqLH35r9QxBBlkGPsqPMDdSO7RrS9HrZGqpumb4zshr7RrTueQsYiCOC-xeAB3K262bTqIf7DgVdmsNY0WtyadiPNvYBA7FMk_k6RcCkSxxS5y2-PE0irZKeN7FVrTw5RSDkF-0FfH7C13Q7mJIcoQgww8Kfn1m6bu5MuzXcRUUSJmF9di3h2XVyGpBAx-gny4t01</recordid><startdate>19961001</startdate><enddate>19961001</enddate><creator>Shepherd, Jonathan</creator><creator>Brickley, Mark</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Stevens</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>FMSEA</scope><scope>GHEHK</scope><scope>ICWRT</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7QJ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19961001</creationdate><title>THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL INTOXICATION, STRESSORS AND INJURY IN URBAN VIOLENCE</title><author>Shepherd, Jonathan ; Brickley, Mark</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c631t-80932c079bdb58f9ad7caf67bb5c38d5835b64454521f84acd3cf059ffc57c4b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>Accident and emergency departments</topic><topic>Alcohol Abuse</topic><topic>Alcohol drinking</topic><topic>Alcohol intoxication</topic><topic>Alcohol use</topic><topic>Alcoholic beverages</topic><topic>Alcoholic intoxication</topic><topic>Alcoholism</topic><topic>Alcoholism and crime</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Assault</topic><topic>Cities</topic><topic>Crime</topic><topic>Criminal sociology. Police. Delinquency. Deviance. Suicide</topic><topic>Downtowns</topic><topic>Drinking of alcoholic beverages</topic><topic>Drunkenness</topic><topic>England</topic><topic>Factors</topic><topic>Friendship</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Personal injuries</topic><topic>Physical trauma</topic><topic>Relationship</topic><topic>Social aspects</topic><topic>Sociology</topic><topic>Sociology of law and criminology</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Urban Areas</topic><topic>Urban Crime</topic><topic>Urban life</topic><topic>Urban violence</topic><topic>Violence</topic><topic>Violent crimes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shepherd, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brickley, Mark</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 05</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 08</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 28</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - 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Alcohol intoxication and consumption were assessed using the breath analysis and diary method, stressors were assessed using the Holmes and Rahle Life Style Score for the periods up to one week; more than one week but less than one month; more than one month but less than one year; and more than a year prior to injury, and injury severity was calculated by means of four injury severity indices. The Glasgow Coma Score was recorded as a measure of the effect of alcohol on brain function. Cases could not be differentiated from controls on the basis of experience of major life events or minor stressors in the period prior to injury, or on the basis of age, employment status, social class or the types of relationship formed with peers or sexual partners. Cases drank more during an average weekend than controls, drank more on each weekend drinking session than controls, and were more likely to binge drink (consume more than ten units) compared to controls. Consumption of more than ten units of alcohol in the six hours prior to assault and blood alcohol levels of greater than 160 mgm per 100 ml were associated with injury. A predominance of facial injuries was found. While blood alcohol concentration and injury severity were significantly related to levels of alcohol consciousness, there was no significant relationship between injury severity and blood alcohol concentrations. The results of this study suggest that heavy binge drinking increases vulnerability to injury.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a014110</doi><tpages>21</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0007-0955 |
| ispartof | British journal of criminology, 1996-10, Vol.36 (4), p.546-566 |
| issn | 0007-0955 1464-3529 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Oxford Academic Journals (OUP); JSTOR Complete Journals; HeinOnline Law Journal Library; Sociological Abstracts; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Accident and emergency departments Alcohol Abuse Alcohol drinking Alcohol intoxication Alcohol use Alcoholic beverages Alcoholic intoxication Alcoholism Alcoholism and crime Analysis Assault Cities Crime Criminal sociology. Police. Delinquency. Deviance. Suicide Downtowns Drinking of alcoholic beverages Drunkenness England Factors Friendship Injuries Males Patients Personal injuries Physical trauma Relationship Social aspects Sociology Sociology of law and criminology Stress Urban Areas Urban Crime Urban life Urban violence Violence Violent crimes |
| title | THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL INTOXICATION, STRESSORS AND INJURY IN URBAN VIOLENCE |
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