Are the Soviets Really Outspending the U.S. on Defense?
ARTICLE IDENTIFIES SOURCES OF BIAS IN THE CIA'S ESTIMATES OF SOVIET DEFENSE EXPENDITURES, THE RESULT OF WHICH IS TO EXAGGERATE USSR SPENDING. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLAWED ESTIMATES FOR THE NATIONAL SECURITY DEBATE ARE THEN DISCUSSED. ONE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF BIAS, IT IS ARGUED, IS THE CIA FAIL...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | International security 1980-04, Vol.4 (4), p.86-104 |
|---|---|
| 1. Verfasser: | |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 104 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 4 |
| container_start_page | 86 |
| container_title | International security |
| container_volume | 4 |
| creator | Holzman, Franklyn D. |
| description | ARTICLE IDENTIFIES SOURCES OF BIAS IN THE CIA'S ESTIMATES OF SOVIET DEFENSE EXPENDITURES, THE RESULT OF WHICH IS TO EXAGGERATE USSR SPENDING. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLAWED ESTIMATES FOR THE NATIONAL SECURITY DEBATE ARE THEN DISCUSSED. ONE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF BIAS, IT IS ARGUED, IS THE CIA FAILURE TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE HIGHER QUALITY OF BOTH US PERSONNEL AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2307/2626669 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_60739602</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>2626669</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>2626669</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2342-2431ee09babdbf16e5906b4051af959bf212629754e726ce1921e155bc19d09b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkVtLw0AQhRdRsFbxLwQUfUrd2Wv2SUq9QqFg7fOSpBNNSJO6mwj9926tKAgiDOzDfOfM7BlCToGOGKf6iimmlDJ7ZACSQywSKvbJgIJiMUsSc0iOvK8opSphfED02GHUvWI0b99L7Hz0hGldb6JZ3_k1NsuyeflsL0bzUdQ20Q0W2Hi8PiYHRVp7PPl6h2Rxd_s8eYins_vHyXga54yLMFFwQKQmS7NlVoBCaajKBJWQFkaarGAQ9jVaCtRM5QiGAYKUWQ5mGWR8SC52vmvXvvXoO7sqfY51nTbY9t4qqrlRlP0LSgNcaJoE8OwXWLW9a8InLPCQi9GJMoG63FG5a713WNi1K1ep21igdpuz_co5kOLbr8K8W_UefyyFUEILO9_eYnuKUGEGhyA738kq37XuT_cPODeGSg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1300097869</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Are the Soviets Really Outspending the U.S. on Defense?</title><source>PAIS Index</source><source>Worldwide Political Science Abstracts</source><source>Periodicals Index Online</source><source>JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing</source><creator>Holzman, Franklyn D.</creator><creatorcontrib>Holzman, Franklyn D.</creatorcontrib><description>ARTICLE IDENTIFIES SOURCES OF BIAS IN THE CIA'S ESTIMATES OF SOVIET DEFENSE EXPENDITURES, THE RESULT OF WHICH IS TO EXAGGERATE USSR SPENDING. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLAWED ESTIMATES FOR THE NATIONAL SECURITY DEBATE ARE THEN DISCUSSED. ONE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF BIAS, IT IS ARGUED, IS THE CIA FAILURE TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE HIGHER QUALITY OF BOTH US PERSONNEL AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0162-2889</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1531-4804</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2307/2626669</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press</publisher><subject>CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY ; Cost estimates ; Defense expenditures ; Defenses ; DEFICIT SPENDING ; Finance ; Human resources ; Index numbers ; Military defense ; Military spending ; Military technology ; PUBLIC POLICY ; Ratios ; Rethinking Intelligence ; SECURITY ; Soviet satellites ; Soviet Union ; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ; UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS ; United States ; US POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES & BEHAVIOR ; Weapons</subject><ispartof>International security, 1980-04, Vol.4 (4), p.86-104</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1980 President and Fellows of Harvard College and of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2342-2431ee09babdbf16e5906b4051af959bf212629754e726ce1921e155bc19d09b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2626669$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2626669$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27865,27869,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Holzman, Franklyn D.</creatorcontrib><title>Are the Soviets Really Outspending the U.S. on Defense?</title><title>International security</title><description>ARTICLE IDENTIFIES SOURCES OF BIAS IN THE CIA'S ESTIMATES OF SOVIET DEFENSE EXPENDITURES, THE RESULT OF WHICH IS TO EXAGGERATE USSR SPENDING. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLAWED ESTIMATES FOR THE NATIONAL SECURITY DEBATE ARE THEN DISCUSSED. ONE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF BIAS, IT IS ARGUED, IS THE CIA FAILURE TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE HIGHER QUALITY OF BOTH US PERSONNEL AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT.</description><subject>CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY</subject><subject>Cost estimates</subject><subject>Defense expenditures</subject><subject>Defenses</subject><subject>DEFICIT SPENDING</subject><subject>Finance</subject><subject>Human resources</subject><subject>Index numbers</subject><subject>Military defense</subject><subject>Military spending</subject><subject>Military technology</subject><subject>PUBLIC POLICY</subject><subject>Ratios</subject><subject>Rethinking Intelligence</subject><subject>SECURITY</subject><subject>Soviet satellites</subject><subject>Soviet Union</subject><subject>U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE</subject><subject>UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>US POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES & BEHAVIOR</subject><subject>Weapons</subject><issn>0162-2889</issn><issn>1531-4804</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1980</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><sourceid>7UB</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkVtLw0AQhRdRsFbxLwQUfUrd2Wv2SUq9QqFg7fOSpBNNSJO6mwj9926tKAgiDOzDfOfM7BlCToGOGKf6iimmlDJ7ZACSQywSKvbJgIJiMUsSc0iOvK8opSphfED02GHUvWI0b99L7Hz0hGldb6JZ3_k1NsuyeflsL0bzUdQ20Q0W2Hi8PiYHRVp7PPl6h2Rxd_s8eYins_vHyXga54yLMFFwQKQmS7NlVoBCaajKBJWQFkaarGAQ9jVaCtRM5QiGAYKUWQ5mGWR8SC52vmvXvvXoO7sqfY51nTbY9t4qqrlRlP0LSgNcaJoE8OwXWLW9a8InLPCQi9GJMoG63FG5a713WNi1K1ep21igdpuz_co5kOLbr8K8W_UefyyFUEILO9_eYnuKUGEGhyA738kq37XuT_cPODeGSg</recordid><startdate>19800401</startdate><enddate>19800401</enddate><creator>Holzman, Franklyn D.</creator><general>MIT Press</general><general>The MIT Press</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>HFIND</scope><scope>IOIBA</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>7UB</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19800401</creationdate><title>Are the Soviets Really Outspending the U.S. on Defense?</title><author>Holzman, Franklyn D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2342-2431ee09babdbf16e5906b4051af959bf212629754e726ce1921e155bc19d09b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1980</creationdate><topic>CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY</topic><topic>Cost estimates</topic><topic>Defense expenditures</topic><topic>Defenses</topic><topic>DEFICIT SPENDING</topic><topic>Finance</topic><topic>Human resources</topic><topic>Index numbers</topic><topic>Military defense</topic><topic>Military spending</topic><topic>Military technology</topic><topic>PUBLIC POLICY</topic><topic>Ratios</topic><topic>Rethinking Intelligence</topic><topic>SECURITY</topic><topic>Soviet satellites</topic><topic>Soviet Union</topic><topic>U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE</topic><topic>UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>US POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES & BEHAVIOR</topic><topic>Weapons</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Holzman, Franklyn D.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 16</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 29</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - West</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segments 1-50</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - MEA</collection><collection>PAIS Index</collection><collection>PAIS International</collection><collection>PAIS International (Ovid)</collection><collection>Worldwide Political Science Abstracts</collection><jtitle>International security</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Holzman, Franklyn D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Are the Soviets Really Outspending the U.S. on Defense?</atitle><jtitle>International security</jtitle><date>1980-04-01</date><risdate>1980</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>86</spage><epage>104</epage><pages>86-104</pages><issn>0162-2889</issn><eissn>1531-4804</eissn><abstract>ARTICLE IDENTIFIES SOURCES OF BIAS IN THE CIA'S ESTIMATES OF SOVIET DEFENSE EXPENDITURES, THE RESULT OF WHICH IS TO EXAGGERATE USSR SPENDING. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLAWED ESTIMATES FOR THE NATIONAL SECURITY DEBATE ARE THEN DISCUSSED. ONE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF BIAS, IT IS ARGUED, IS THE CIA FAILURE TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE HIGHER QUALITY OF BOTH US PERSONNEL AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, Mass</cop><pub>MIT Press</pub><doi>10.2307/2626669</doi><tpages>19</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0162-2889 |
| ispartof | International security, 1980-04, Vol.4 (4), p.86-104 |
| issn | 0162-2889 1531-4804 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_60739602 |
| source | PAIS Index; Worldwide Political Science Abstracts; Periodicals Index Online; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing |
| subjects | CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Cost estimates Defense expenditures Defenses DEFICIT SPENDING Finance Human resources Index numbers Military defense Military spending Military technology PUBLIC POLICY Ratios Rethinking Intelligence SECURITY Soviet satellites Soviet Union U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS United States US POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES & BEHAVIOR Weapons |
| title | Are the Soviets Really Outspending the U.S. on Defense? |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-19T23%3A49%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Are%20the%20Soviets%20Really%20Outspending%20the%20U.S.%20on%20Defense?&rft.jtitle=International%20security&rft.au=Holzman,%20Franklyn%20D.&rft.date=1980-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=86&rft.epage=104&rft.pages=86-104&rft.issn=0162-2889&rft.eissn=1531-4804&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307/2626669&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E2626669%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1300097869&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_jstor_id=2626669&rfr_iscdi=true |