EMS-Based Environmental Regimes as Club Goods: Examining Variations in Firm-Level Adoption of ISO 14001 and EMAS in U.K., U.S. and Germany

This paper examines variations in firm-level adoption of environmental management systems (EMS) - ISO 14001 and the European Union's Eco-Audit and Management Scheme (EMAS) - in the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States. Drawing on insights from club theory, institutional theory, and sta...

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Veröffentlicht in:Policy sciences 2002-03, Vol.35 (1), p.43-67
Hauptverfasser: Kollman, Kelly, Prakash, Aseem
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description This paper examines variations in firm-level adoption of environmental management systems (EMS) - ISO 14001 and the European Union's Eco-Audit and Management Scheme (EMAS) - in the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States. Drawing on insights from club theory, institutional theory, and stakeholder theory, it argues that despite the fact that these EMS are created by supranational organizations (one regional and one international), firms' perceptions of their costs and benefits are largely determined by domestic factors. In particular, these perceptions are shaped by how EMS are promoted and information about them is disseminated in each country (supply aspects) and how the constellation of stakeholders (suppliers, environmental groups, regulators, general public) support their introduction (demand aspects). The paper concludes that there are numerous ways governments and interested stakeholders can encourage companies to adopt voluntary environmental codes. The key is to find the right mix of incentives for specific national contexts.
doi_str_mv 10.1023/A:1016071810725
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source Jstor Complete Legacy; EBSCOhost Political Science Complete; PAIS Index; Worldwide Political Science Abstracts; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings; EBSCOhost Business Source Complete
subjects Adoption of Innovations
Auditing
Business structures
Consumption
Costs
Economic regulation
Enterprises
Environmental agencies
Environmental management
Environmental management systems
Environmental Policy
Environmental regulation
Environmental regulations
European Union
Federal Republic of Germany
Germany
Globalization
Government Regulation
Industrial regulation
ISO standards
Management
Organizational Behavior
Policy studies
Quality standards
Stakeholder
Stakeholders
Standardization
Standards organizations
Studies
Suppliers
Supply & demand
Supranationalism
U.S.A
United Kingdom
United States environmental policy
United States of America
World Trade Organization
title EMS-Based Environmental Regimes as Club Goods: Examining Variations in Firm-Level Adoption of ISO 14001 and EMAS in U.K., U.S. and Germany
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