Demilitarization in Costa Rica: A Farewell to Arms?
Costa Rica is an apparent exception to the trend towards military regimes, violent changes of power and local wars in Third World countries. In this Central American republic with about 2 million inhabitants, the armed forces were disbanded in 1948. For over 30 years Costa Rica has maintained a stab...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of peace research 1981-01, Vol.18 (4), p.333-351 |
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| creator | Høivik, Tord Aas, Solveig |
| description | Costa Rica is an apparent exception to the trend towards military regimes, violent changes of power and local wars in Third World countries. In this Central American republic with about 2 million inhabitants, the armed forces were disbanded in 1948. For over 30 years Costa Rica has maintained a stable civilian government without a regular army, though surrounded by dictatorships. We discuss the history behind the abolition of the Costa Rican army, consider the country's handling of external and internal conflicts since 1948, present the growth of its paramilitary forces, and evaluate the reality of its public policy of demilitarization. Our main conclusion is that Costa Rican demilitarization was a response to an internal conflict rather than a deliberate international policy. The country has actually built up police forces that are used against labor and peasant unrest. But it is also the case that demilitarization has been stressed so consistently in policy declarations that regular military build up has been inhibited. Costa Rica is partly demilitarized, but may become more or less so in the future. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/002234338101800403 |
| format | Article |
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In this Central American republic with about 2 million inhabitants, the armed forces were disbanded in 1948. For over 30 years Costa Rica has maintained a stable civilian government without a regular army, though surrounded by dictatorships. We discuss the history behind the abolition of the Costa Rican army, consider the country's handling of external and internal conflicts since 1948, present the growth of its paramilitary forces, and evaluate the reality of its public policy of demilitarization. Our main conclusion is that Costa Rican demilitarization was a response to an internal conflict rather than a deliberate international policy. The country has actually built up police forces that are used against labor and peasant unrest. But it is also the case that demilitarization has been stressed so consistently in policy declarations that regular military build up has been inhibited. Costa Rica is partly demilitarized, but may become more or less so in the future.</abstract><cop>Thousand Oaks, CA</cop><pub>Universitetsforlaget</pub><doi>10.1177/002234338101800403</doi><tpages>19</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of peace research, 1981-01, Vol.18 (4), p.333-351 |
| issn | 0022-3433 1460-3578 |
| language | eng |
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| source | PAIS Index; Periodicals Index Online; SAGE Complete A-Z List; Jstor Complete Legacy |
| subjects | Armed forces Armies Civil wars Civil-military relations Costa Rica Demilitarization Exile Government Government and politics Peasant class Police Political parties War conflict |
| title | Demilitarization in Costa Rica: A Farewell to Arms? |
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