Differential Transitions Between Cocaine Use and Abstinence for Men and Women
The longitudinal course of cocaine dependence is characterized by alternating periods of abstinence and relapse. Although gender has emerged as an important predictor of relapse, previous studies have examined mean differences in use by gender. Focusing strictly on differences in averages between me...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 2007-02, Vol.75 (1), p.95-103 |
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| creator | Gallop, Robert J Crits-Christoph, Paul Ten Have, Thomas R Barber, Jacques P Frank, Arlene Griffin, Margaret L Thase, Michael E |
| description | The longitudinal course of cocaine dependence is characterized by alternating periods of abstinence and relapse. Although gender has emerged as an important predictor of relapse, previous studies have examined mean differences in use by gender. Focusing strictly on differences in averages between men and women does not address potential gender differences in transitions between use and abstinence. Transition rates for men and women were compared using data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Abstinence and nonabstinence for each of the 6 months of active treatment was determined by using a composite measure of use that incorporated information from weekly and monthly self-reports and urine toxicology screenings. Random effects were introduced to describe intersubject heterogeneity in transition rates. In this sample of 454 patients, rates of transition between abstinence and use were significantly different between men and women, with men showing twice the rate of transition between states despite similar average levels of use. These data may have important implications for both treatment planning and the types of outcomes considered in clinical practice and research. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0022-006X.75.1.95 |
| format | Article |
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Although gender has emerged as an important predictor of relapse, previous studies have examined mean differences in use by gender. Focusing strictly on differences in averages between men and women does not address potential gender differences in transitions between use and abstinence. Transition rates for men and women were compared using data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Abstinence and nonabstinence for each of the 6 months of active treatment was determined by using a composite measure of use that incorporated information from weekly and monthly self-reports and urine toxicology screenings. Random effects were introduced to describe intersubject heterogeneity in transition rates. In this sample of 454 patients, rates of transition between abstinence and use were significantly different between men and women, with men showing twice the rate of transition between states despite similar average levels of use. These data may have important implications for both treatment planning and the types of outcomes considered in clinical practice and research.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-006X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-2117</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0022-006X.75.1.95</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17295568</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JCLPBC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Abstinence ; Addictive behaviors ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Behavior ; Behavior, Addictive ; Biological and medical sciences ; Clinical psychology ; Cocaine ; Cocaine-Related Disorders - epidemiology ; Drug Abstinence ; Drug Abuse ; Drug addiction ; Drug dependency ; Drug use ; Female ; Gender Differences ; Human ; Human Sex Differences ; Humans ; Incidence ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Markov analysis ; Markov Models ; Matched Groups ; Medical Care Evaluation ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Models, Psychological ; Neuropharmacology ; Outcomes of Treatment ; Patients ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Predictor Variables ; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease) ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. 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Although gender has emerged as an important predictor of relapse, previous studies have examined mean differences in use by gender. Focusing strictly on differences in averages between men and women does not address potential gender differences in transitions between use and abstinence. Transition rates for men and women were compared using data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Abstinence and nonabstinence for each of the 6 months of active treatment was determined by using a composite measure of use that incorporated information from weekly and monthly self-reports and urine toxicology screenings. Random effects were introduced to describe intersubject heterogeneity in transition rates. In this sample of 454 patients, rates of transition between abstinence and use were significantly different between men and women, with men showing twice the rate of transition between states despite similar average levels of use. These data may have important implications for both treatment planning and the types of outcomes considered in clinical practice and research.</description><subject>Abstinence</subject><subject>Addictive behaviors</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Behavior, Addictive</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Clinical psychology</subject><subject>Cocaine</subject><subject>Cocaine-Related Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Drug Abstinence</subject><subject>Drug Abuse</subject><subject>Drug addiction</subject><subject>Drug dependency</subject><subject>Drug use</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender Differences</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Human Sex Differences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Markov analysis</subject><subject>Markov Models</subject><subject>Matched Groups</subject><subject>Medical Care Evaluation</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Models, Psychological</subject><subject>Neuropharmacology</subject><subject>Outcomes of Treatment</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pharmacology. 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Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopharmacology</subject><subject>Recurrence</subject><subject>Relapse</subject><subject>Self Disclosure (Individuals)</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Transition</subject><issn>0022-006X</issn><issn>1939-2117</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNp90VtrFDEUB_Agit1WP4AgMlj0QZg198tjXeuNFl9a9C1kMyeQMpsZkxmk394Mu7Qq4lNI_r8TDucg9IzgNcFMvcWY0hZj-X2txJqsjXiAVsQw01JC1EO0usuP0HEpNxhjIrF4jI6IokYIqVfo8n0MATKkKbq-ucoulTjFIZXmHUw_AVKzGbyLCZrrAo1LXXO2LVO9Jw9NGHJzWcny_G3YQXqCHgXXF3h6OE_Q9Yfzq82n9uLrx8-bs4vWCS6nFoLsgpaBM-2wdmarGTU-KKoECYYoz7aSeaYoldh3ulM8CKBAMRdbIzvHTtDr_b9jHn7MUCa7i8VD37sEw1ysUERrYkiFL_-CN8OcU-3NSsK5EETp_yFKsGSMUl4R2SOfh1IyBDvmuHP51hJsl23YZdp2mbZVwhJrRK15cfh43u6gu684jL-CVwfgind9qOP3sdw7zY3gGFf3fO8gR38Xn39RgnNNa_xmH7vR2bHcepen6Hsofs7Laq33429Nnf4b_6F-AXT8tHM</recordid><startdate>20070201</startdate><enddate>20070201</enddate><creator>Gallop, Robert J</creator><creator>Crits-Christoph, Paul</creator><creator>Ten Have, Thomas R</creator><creator>Barber, Jacques P</creator><creator>Frank, Arlene</creator><creator>Griffin, Margaret L</creator><creator>Thase, Michael E</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070201</creationdate><title>Differential Transitions Between Cocaine Use and Abstinence for Men and Women</title><author>Gallop, Robert J ; Crits-Christoph, Paul ; Ten Have, Thomas R ; Barber, Jacques P ; Frank, Arlene ; Griffin, Margaret L ; Thase, Michael E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a546t-ef6df86f438a08a9b8329cf72751f917c3b63c372260cd8d74f5e2e2045b96da3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Abstinence</topic><topic>Addictive behaviors</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Behavior, Addictive</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Clinical psychology</topic><topic>Cocaine</topic><topic>Cocaine-Related Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Drug Abstinence</topic><topic>Drug Abuse</topic><topic>Drug addiction</topic><topic>Drug dependency</topic><topic>Drug use</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender Differences</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Human Sex Differences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Markov analysis</topic><topic>Markov Models</topic><topic>Matched Groups</topic><topic>Medical Care Evaluation</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Models, Psychological</topic><topic>Neuropharmacology</topic><topic>Outcomes of Treatment</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pharmacology. 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Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopharmacology</topic><topic>Recurrence</topic><topic>Relapse</topic><topic>Self Disclosure (Individuals)</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Transition</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gallop, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crits-Christoph, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ten Have, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barber, Jacques P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frank, Arlene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Griffin, Margaret L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thase, Michael E</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Access via APA PsycArticles® (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><jtitle>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gallop, Robert J</au><au>Crits-Christoph, Paul</au><au>Ten Have, Thomas R</au><au>Barber, Jacques P</au><au>Frank, Arlene</au><au>Griffin, Margaret L</au><au>Thase, Michael E</au><au>La Greca, Annette M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ754482</ericid><atitle>Differential Transitions Between Cocaine Use and Abstinence for Men and Women</atitle><jtitle>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Consult Clin Psychol</addtitle><date>2007-02-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>95</spage><epage>103</epage><pages>95-103</pages><issn>0022-006X</issn><eissn>1939-2117</eissn><coden>JCLPBC</coden><abstract>The longitudinal course of cocaine dependence is characterized by alternating periods of abstinence and relapse. Although gender has emerged as an important predictor of relapse, previous studies have examined mean differences in use by gender. Focusing strictly on differences in averages between men and women does not address potential gender differences in transitions between use and abstinence. Transition rates for men and women were compared using data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Abstinence and nonabstinence for each of the 6 months of active treatment was determined by using a composite measure of use that incorporated information from weekly and monthly self-reports and urine toxicology screenings. Random effects were introduced to describe intersubject heterogeneity in transition rates. In this sample of 454 patients, rates of transition between abstinence and use were significantly different between men and women, with men showing twice the rate of transition between states despite similar average levels of use. These data may have important implications for both treatment planning and the types of outcomes considered in clinical practice and research.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>17295568</pmid><doi>10.1037/0022-006X.75.1.95</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abstinence Addictive behaviors Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Behavior Behavior, Addictive Biological and medical sciences Clinical psychology Cocaine Cocaine-Related Disorders - epidemiology Drug Abstinence Drug Abuse Drug addiction Drug dependency Drug use Female Gender Differences Human Human Sex Differences Humans Incidence Longitudinal Studies Male Markov analysis Markov Models Matched Groups Medical Care Evaluation Medical sciences Middle Aged Models, Psychological Neuropharmacology Outcomes of Treatment Patients Pharmacology. Drug treatments Predictor Variables Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease) Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychopharmacology Recurrence Relapse Self Disclosure (Individuals) Toxicology Transition |
| title | Differential Transitions Between Cocaine Use and Abstinence for Men and Women |
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