Urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment: valuable tools to improve verification of abstention in alcohol-dependent patients during in-patient treatment and at follow-ups
ABSTRACT Aims The aims of this study were (i) to assess the effect of additional urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment on diagnosed relapse rates in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients; and (ii) to compare dropout rates between EtG‐ and EtS‐negative and ‐positive pat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2009-06, Vol.104 (6), p.921-926 |
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| creator | Junghanns, Klaus Graf, Iris Pflüger, Juliane Wetterling, Gunnar Ziems, Christian Ehrenthal, Dieter Zöllner, Maike Dibbelt, Leif Backhaus, Jutta Weinmann, Wolfgang Wurst, Friedrich M. |
| description | ABSTRACT
Aims The aims of this study were (i) to assess the effect of additional urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment on diagnosed relapse rates in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients; and (ii) to compare dropout rates between EtG‐ and EtS‐negative and ‐positive patients.
Design Two studies on detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients. If patients had no indication of relapse they were asked for a urinary sample at discharge from in‐patient treatment 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge (study 1) and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after discharge (study 2), respectively.
Setting Department of Psychiatry, University of Luebeck, Germany.
Participants A total of 107 and 32 detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients having participated in a 3‐week in‐patient motivation enhancement programme.
Measurement Personal interviews, breathalyzer tests, assessment of urinary EtG and EtS with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS analysis).
Finding Urinary EtG and EtS were always positive at the same time. In the first study 13.5% of the patients were already positive before being discharged from hospital. At the follow‐ups 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge 12.2, 19.4 and 28.0%, respectively, of the patients coming to the follow‐up and denying relapse were positive on urinary EtG and EtS. In the second study, of those patients showing up for follow‐up after 1 week and denying relapse, EtG and EtS were positive in four cases (17.4%). Only one EtG‐ and EtS‐positive relapser (3.1%) came to the next follow‐ups. In both studies the rates of detected relapses were significantly higher for early follow‐ups if urinary EtG and EtS results were considered additionally. Dropout rates until the next follow‐up were significantly higher among positive than EtG‐ and EtS‐negative patients.
Conclusion Urinary EtG and EtS improve verification of abstinence in studies of alcohol‐dependent patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02566.x |
| format | Article |
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Aims The aims of this study were (i) to assess the effect of additional urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment on diagnosed relapse rates in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients; and (ii) to compare dropout rates between EtG‐ and EtS‐negative and ‐positive patients.
Design Two studies on detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients. If patients had no indication of relapse they were asked for a urinary sample at discharge from in‐patient treatment 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge (study 1) and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after discharge (study 2), respectively.
Setting Department of Psychiatry, University of Luebeck, Germany.
Participants A total of 107 and 32 detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients having participated in a 3‐week in‐patient motivation enhancement programme.
Measurement Personal interviews, breathalyzer tests, assessment of urinary EtG and EtS with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS analysis).
Finding Urinary EtG and EtS were always positive at the same time. In the first study 13.5% of the patients were already positive before being discharged from hospital. At the follow‐ups 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge 12.2, 19.4 and 28.0%, respectively, of the patients coming to the follow‐up and denying relapse were positive on urinary EtG and EtS. In the second study, of those patients showing up for follow‐up after 1 week and denying relapse, EtG and EtS were positive in four cases (17.4%). Only one EtG‐ and EtS‐positive relapser (3.1%) came to the next follow‐ups. In both studies the rates of detected relapses were significantly higher for early follow‐ups if urinary EtG and EtS results were considered additionally. Dropout rates until the next follow‐up were significantly higher among positive than EtG‐ and EtS‐negative patients.
Conclusion Urinary EtG and EtS improve verification of abstinence in studies of alcohol‐dependent patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0965-2140</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1360-0443</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02566.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19466918</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ADICE5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Addiction ; Addictive behaviors ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Alcohol ; Alcohol dependence ; Alcohol use ; Alcohol-Related Disorders - diagnosis ; Alcohol-Related Disorders - prevention & control ; Alcoholism ; Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - urine ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drug addiction ; EtG ; ethyl glucuronide ; ethyl sulphate ; EtS ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germany ; Glucuronates - urine ; Health ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Interviews ; Medical sciences ; Medical treatment ; Middle Aged ; Patients ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Recurrence ; relapse ; Social problems ; Substance Abuse Detection - methods ; Substance abuse treatment ; Sulfuric Acid Esters - urine ; Temperance ; Toxicology ; Urinalysis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2009-06, Vol.104 (6), p.921-926</ispartof><rights>2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Society for the Study of Addiction</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Journal compilation © 2009 Society for the Study of Addiction</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4936-38ec9d635c4cddefaa3f7f98c14a33ca0a2bcf0d0980920ffcd4eb50b29b027d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4936-38ec9d635c4cddefaa3f7f98c14a33ca0a2bcf0d0980920ffcd4eb50b29b027d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1360-0443.2009.02566.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1360-0443.2009.02566.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21432236$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19466918$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Junghanns, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graf, Iris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pflüger, Juliane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wetterling, Gunnar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ziems, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrenthal, Dieter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zöllner, Maike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dibbelt, Leif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Backhaus, Jutta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weinmann, Wolfgang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wurst, Friedrich M.</creatorcontrib><title>Urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment: valuable tools to improve verification of abstention in alcohol-dependent patients during in-patient treatment and at follow-ups</title><title>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</title><addtitle>Addiction</addtitle><description>ABSTRACT
Aims The aims of this study were (i) to assess the effect of additional urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment on diagnosed relapse rates in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients; and (ii) to compare dropout rates between EtG‐ and EtS‐negative and ‐positive patients.
Design Two studies on detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients. If patients had no indication of relapse they were asked for a urinary sample at discharge from in‐patient treatment 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge (study 1) and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after discharge (study 2), respectively.
Setting Department of Psychiatry, University of Luebeck, Germany.
Participants A total of 107 and 32 detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients having participated in a 3‐week in‐patient motivation enhancement programme.
Measurement Personal interviews, breathalyzer tests, assessment of urinary EtG and EtS with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS analysis).
Finding Urinary EtG and EtS were always positive at the same time. In the first study 13.5% of the patients were already positive before being discharged from hospital. At the follow‐ups 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge 12.2, 19.4 and 28.0%, respectively, of the patients coming to the follow‐up and denying relapse were positive on urinary EtG and EtS. In the second study, of those patients showing up for follow‐up after 1 week and denying relapse, EtG and EtS were positive in four cases (17.4%). Only one EtG‐ and EtS‐positive relapser (3.1%) came to the next follow‐ups. In both studies the rates of detected relapses were significantly higher for early follow‐ups if urinary EtG and EtS results were considered additionally. Dropout rates until the next follow‐up were significantly higher among positive than EtG‐ and EtS‐negative patients.
Conclusion Urinary EtG and EtS improve verification of abstinence in studies of alcohol‐dependent patients.</description><subject>Addiction</subject><subject>Addictive behaviors</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>Alcohol dependence</subject><subject>Alcohol use</subject><subject>Alcohol-Related Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Alcohol-Related Disorders - prevention & control</subject><subject>Alcoholism</subject><subject>Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - urine</subject><subject>Chromatography, Liquid</subject><subject>Drug addiction</subject><subject>EtG</subject><subject>ethyl glucuronide</subject><subject>ethyl sulphate</subject><subject>EtS</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Germany</subject><subject>Glucuronates - urine</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inpatients</subject><subject>Interviews</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Recurrence</subject><subject>relapse</subject><subject>Social problems</subject><subject>Substance Abuse Detection - methods</subject><subject>Substance abuse treatment</subject><subject>Sulfuric Acid Esters - urine</subject><subject>Temperance</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Urinalysis</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0965-2140</issn><issn>1360-0443</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1v0zAUhiMEYmXwF5CFBIKLFDtOnRiJi2kdHaICTWPi0nL8sbq4cbCdrv2B_C-cNioSV_jCH-c87_GxXmcZQHCK0ni_niJMYA7LEk8LCOkUFjNCprtH2eSUeJxNICWzvEAlPMuehbCGEFY1LZ9mZ4iWhFBUT7Lfd9603O-Biqu9Bfe2F713rZEKvL2Ki3eAt3LMhd52Kx4PiduUCEGFsFFt_AC23Pa8sQpE52xIMzCbzrutAlvljTaCR-Na4DTgTYhJMpxMC7gVbuVsLlWnWpnioEtkWgOQfWrsPkH5GALRKx6H-w498Qi0s9Y95H0XnmdPNLdBvRjX8-zu09X3y-t8-W3x-fJimYuSYpLjWgkqCZ6JUkipNOdYV5rWApUcY8EhLxqhoYS0hrSAWgtZqmYGm4I2sKgkPs_eHOumx_3qVYhsY4JQ1vJWuT4wXKGSoKpI4Kt_wLXrfZt6Y4jSCpG6gAmqj5DwLgSvNOu82SQzGIJs8Jmt2WAnG-xkg8_s4DPbJenLsX7fbJT8KxyNTcDrEeBBcKs9b4UJJy59ClwUmCTu45F7MFbt_7sBdjGfD7ukz496k3zdnfTc_2SkwtWM_fi6YPT69mY5_wLZDf4DxCXXuQ</recordid><startdate>200906</startdate><enddate>200906</enddate><creator>Junghanns, Klaus</creator><creator>Graf, Iris</creator><creator>Pflüger, Juliane</creator><creator>Wetterling, Gunnar</creator><creator>Ziems, Christian</creator><creator>Ehrenthal, Dieter</creator><creator>Zöllner, Maike</creator><creator>Dibbelt, Leif</creator><creator>Backhaus, Jutta</creator><creator>Weinmann, Wolfgang</creator><creator>Wurst, Friedrich M.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200906</creationdate><title>Urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment: valuable tools to improve verification of abstention in alcohol-dependent patients during in-patient treatment and at follow-ups</title><author>Junghanns, Klaus ; Graf, Iris ; Pflüger, Juliane ; Wetterling, Gunnar ; Ziems, Christian ; Ehrenthal, Dieter ; Zöllner, Maike ; Dibbelt, Leif ; Backhaus, Jutta ; Weinmann, Wolfgang ; Wurst, Friedrich M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4936-38ec9d635c4cddefaa3f7f98c14a33ca0a2bcf0d0980920ffcd4eb50b29b027d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Addiction</topic><topic>Addictive behaviors</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Alcohol</topic><topic>Alcohol dependence</topic><topic>Alcohol use</topic><topic>Alcohol-Related Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Alcohol-Related Disorders - prevention & control</topic><topic>Alcoholism</topic><topic>Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - urine</topic><topic>Chromatography, Liquid</topic><topic>Drug addiction</topic><topic>EtG</topic><topic>ethyl glucuronide</topic><topic>ethyl sulphate</topic><topic>EtS</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Germany</topic><topic>Glucuronates - urine</topic><topic>Health</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inpatients</topic><topic>Interviews</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Recurrence</topic><topic>relapse</topic><topic>Social problems</topic><topic>Substance Abuse Detection - methods</topic><topic>Substance abuse treatment</topic><topic>Sulfuric Acid Esters - urine</topic><topic>Temperance</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Urinalysis</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Junghanns, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graf, Iris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pflüger, Juliane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wetterling, Gunnar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ziems, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrenthal, Dieter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zöllner, Maike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dibbelt, Leif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Backhaus, Jutta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weinmann, Wolfgang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wurst, Friedrich M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><jtitle>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Junghanns, Klaus</au><au>Graf, Iris</au><au>Pflüger, Juliane</au><au>Wetterling, Gunnar</au><au>Ziems, Christian</au><au>Ehrenthal, Dieter</au><au>Zöllner, Maike</au><au>Dibbelt, Leif</au><au>Backhaus, Jutta</au><au>Weinmann, Wolfgang</au><au>Wurst, Friedrich M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment: valuable tools to improve verification of abstention in alcohol-dependent patients during in-patient treatment and at follow-ups</atitle><jtitle>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</jtitle><addtitle>Addiction</addtitle><date>2009-06</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>921</spage><epage>926</epage><pages>921-926</pages><issn>0965-2140</issn><eissn>1360-0443</eissn><coden>ADICE5</coden><abstract>ABSTRACT
Aims The aims of this study were (i) to assess the effect of additional urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment on diagnosed relapse rates in detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients; and (ii) to compare dropout rates between EtG‐ and EtS‐negative and ‐positive patients.
Design Two studies on detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients. If patients had no indication of relapse they were asked for a urinary sample at discharge from in‐patient treatment 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge (study 1) and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after discharge (study 2), respectively.
Setting Department of Psychiatry, University of Luebeck, Germany.
Participants A total of 107 and 32 detoxified alcohol‐dependent patients having participated in a 3‐week in‐patient motivation enhancement programme.
Measurement Personal interviews, breathalyzer tests, assessment of urinary EtG and EtS with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS analysis).
Finding Urinary EtG and EtS were always positive at the same time. In the first study 13.5% of the patients were already positive before being discharged from hospital. At the follow‐ups 3, 6 and 12 weeks after discharge 12.2, 19.4 and 28.0%, respectively, of the patients coming to the follow‐up and denying relapse were positive on urinary EtG and EtS. In the second study, of those patients showing up for follow‐up after 1 week and denying relapse, EtG and EtS were positive in four cases (17.4%). Only one EtG‐ and EtS‐positive relapser (3.1%) came to the next follow‐ups. In both studies the rates of detected relapses were significantly higher for early follow‐ups if urinary EtG and EtS results were considered additionally. Dropout rates until the next follow‐up were significantly higher among positive than EtG‐ and EtS‐negative patients.
Conclusion Urinary EtG and EtS improve verification of abstinence in studies of alcohol‐dependent patients.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>19466918</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02566.x</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0965-2140 |
| ispartof | Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2009-06, Vol.104 (6), p.921-926 |
| issn | 0965-2140 1360-0443 |
| language | eng |
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| subjects | Addiction Addictive behaviors Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Alcohol Alcohol dependence Alcohol use Alcohol-Related Disorders - diagnosis Alcohol-Related Disorders - prevention & control Alcoholism Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - urine Chromatography, Liquid Drug addiction EtG ethyl glucuronide ethyl sulphate EtS Follow-Up Studies Germany Glucuronates - urine Health Humans Inpatients Interviews Medical sciences Medical treatment Middle Aged Patients Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Recurrence relapse Social problems Substance Abuse Detection - methods Substance abuse treatment Sulfuric Acid Esters - urine Temperance Toxicology Urinalysis Young Adult |
| title | Urinary ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS) assessment: valuable tools to improve verification of abstention in alcohol-dependent patients during in-patient treatment and at follow-ups |
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