Neurogenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in Alcoholism
Clinical, genetic, and neuropsychopharmacological studies of developmental factors in alcoholism are providing a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of personality and learning. Studies of the adopted-away children of alcoholics show that the predisposition to initiate alcohol-seeking...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1987-04, Vol.236 (4800), p.410-416 |
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| container_title | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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| creator | Cloninger, C. Robert |
| description | Clinical, genetic, and neuropsychopharmacological studies of developmental factors in alcoholism are providing a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of personality and learning. Studies of the adopted-away children of alcoholics show that the predisposition to initiate alcohol-seeking behavior is genetically different from susceptibility to loss of control after drinking begins. Alcohol-seeking behavior is a special case of exploratory appetitive behavior and involves different neurogenetic processes than do susceptibility to behavioral tolerance and dependence on the antianxiety or sedative effects of alcohol. Three dimensions of personality have been described that may reflect individual differences in brain systems modulating the activation, maintenance, and inhibition of behavioral responses to the effects of alcohol and other environmental stimuli. These personality traits distinguish alcoholics with different patterns of behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuropharmacological responses to alcohol. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.2882604 |
| format | Article |
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Robert</creator><creatorcontrib>Cloninger, C. Robert</creatorcontrib><description>Clinical, genetic, and neuropsychopharmacological studies of developmental factors in alcoholism are providing a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of personality and learning. Studies of the adopted-away children of alcoholics show that the predisposition to initiate alcohol-seeking behavior is genetically different from susceptibility to loss of control after drinking begins. Alcohol-seeking behavior is a special case of exploratory appetitive behavior and involves different neurogenetic processes than do susceptibility to behavioral tolerance and dependence on the antianxiety or sedative effects of alcohol. Three dimensions of personality have been described that may reflect individual differences in brain systems modulating the activation, maintenance, and inhibition of behavioral responses to the effects of alcohol and other environmental stimuli. These personality traits distinguish alcoholics with different patterns of behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuropharmacological responses to alcohol.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.2882604</identifier><identifier>PMID: 2882604</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SCIEAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: The American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Addictive behaviors ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Alcohol abuse ; Alcohol drinking ; Alcohol related disorders ; Alcoholic beverages ; Alcoholism ; Alcoholism - etiology ; Alcoholism - genetics ; Alcoholism - physiopathology ; Alcoholism - psychology ; Appetite - physiology ; Avoidance Learning - physiology ; Behavior - physiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Compulsive behavior ; Drinking (Alcoholic beverages) ; Drinking of alcoholic beverages ; Environment ; Ethanol ; Extinction, Psychological ; Female ; Genetic aspects ; Genetics ; Male ; Medical genetics ; Medical sciences ; Nervous system ; Neurobiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents - physiology ; Parents ; Personality ; Personality traits ; Psychology. 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Psychiatry ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Social aspects</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 1987-04, Vol.236 (4800), p.410-416</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1987 The American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>1988 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1987 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1987 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Apr 24, 1987</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c764t-bd29f4674e088a223e7edf00e41afcaaaabf49112171cb2292e148caa8cc40e83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c764t-bd29f4674e088a223e7edf00e41afcaaaabf49112171cb2292e148caa8cc40e83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1698998$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1698998$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,2882,2883,27922,27923,58015,58248</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=7389427$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2882604$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cloninger, C. Robert</creatorcontrib><title>Neurogenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in Alcoholism</title><title>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)</title><addtitle>Science</addtitle><description>Clinical, genetic, and neuropsychopharmacological studies of developmental factors in alcoholism are providing a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of personality and learning. Studies of the adopted-away children of alcoholics show that the predisposition to initiate alcohol-seeking behavior is genetically different from susceptibility to loss of control after drinking begins. Alcohol-seeking behavior is a special case of exploratory appetitive behavior and involves different neurogenetic processes than do susceptibility to behavioral tolerance and dependence on the antianxiety or sedative effects of alcohol. Three dimensions of personality have been described that may reflect individual differences in brain systems modulating the activation, maintenance, and inhibition of behavioral responses to the effects of alcohol and other environmental stimuli. These personality traits distinguish alcoholics with different patterns of behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuropharmacological responses to alcohol.</description><subject>Addictive behaviors</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Alcohol abuse</subject><subject>Alcohol drinking</subject><subject>Alcohol related disorders</subject><subject>Alcoholic beverages</subject><subject>Alcoholism</subject><subject>Alcoholism - etiology</subject><subject>Alcoholism - genetics</subject><subject>Alcoholism - physiopathology</subject><subject>Alcoholism - psychology</subject><subject>Appetite - physiology</subject><subject>Avoidance Learning - physiology</subject><subject>Behavior - physiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Compulsive behavior</subject><subject>Drinking (Alcoholic beverages)</subject><subject>Drinking of alcoholic beverages</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Extinction, Psychological</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical genetics</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>Neurobiology</subject><subject>Neurotransmitter Agents - physiology</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Personality</subject><subject>Personality traits</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Reinforcement (Psychology)</subject><subject>Social aspects</subject><issn>0036-8075</issn><issn>1095-9203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1987</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0s1v0zAUAHALMY0yOHMBqUJoO4x0_kpiH0sFZVJZD3xcLdd56Vw5cbGTafz389RoG6gStQ-W_X629eyH0BuCJ4TQ4iIaC62BCRWCFpg_QyOCZZ5JitlzNMKYFZnAZf4CvYxxg3GKSXaMjgc-QpMr6INfQwudNeNppbedvYHxNzDXurWxiWPbjqfO-Gvv0vQVOqq1i_B6GE_Qzy-ff8y-Zovl_HI2XWSmLHiXrSoqa16UHLAQmlIGJVQ1xsCJro1ObVVzmRIgJTErSiUFwkUKCGM4BsFO0Onu3G3wv3uInWpsNOCcbsH3UbEix4xI-V9ICRFljkmC7_-BG9-HNiWRDMsZkxwndL5Da-1A2bb2XdDm_nWCdr6F2qblKReEEJwn_XGPTr2Cxpo9_OwvnkQHt91a9zGqy-9Xh8rlr0Plp_mBUswXT-X5Pmm8c7AGlf55tnyqL3baBB9jgFptg210-KMIVvclqoYSVUPNpR3vhp_oVw1UD_4x_mGI62i0q4NujY0PrGRCclom9nbHNrHz4fHWQgopBbsDfnjzLA</recordid><startdate>19870424</startdate><enddate>19870424</enddate><creator>Cloninger, C. Robert</creator><general>The American Association for the Advancement of Science</general><general>American Association for the Advancement of Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8GL</scope><scope>IBG</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19870424</creationdate><title>Neurogenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in Alcoholism</title><author>Cloninger, C. Robert</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c764t-bd29f4674e088a223e7edf00e41afcaaaabf49112171cb2292e148caa8cc40e83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1987</creationdate><topic>Addictive behaviors</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Alcohol abuse</topic><topic>Alcohol drinking</topic><topic>Alcohol related disorders</topic><topic>Alcoholic beverages</topic><topic>Alcoholism</topic><topic>Alcoholism - etiology</topic><topic>Alcoholism - genetics</topic><topic>Alcoholism - physiopathology</topic><topic>Alcoholism - psychology</topic><topic>Appetite - physiology</topic><topic>Avoidance Learning - physiology</topic><topic>Behavior - physiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Compulsive behavior</topic><topic>Drinking (Alcoholic beverages)</topic><topic>Drinking of alcoholic beverages</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Ethanol</topic><topic>Extinction, Psychological</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical genetics</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Nervous system</topic><topic>Neurobiology</topic><topic>Neurotransmitter Agents - physiology</topic><topic>Parents</topic><topic>Personality</topic><topic>Personality traits</topic><topic>Psychology. 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Robert</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neurogenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in Alcoholism</atitle><jtitle>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)</jtitle><addtitle>Science</addtitle><date>1987-04-24</date><risdate>1987</risdate><volume>236</volume><issue>4800</issue><spage>410</spage><epage>416</epage><pages>410-416</pages><issn>0036-8075</issn><eissn>1095-9203</eissn><coden>SCIEAS</coden><abstract>Clinical, genetic, and neuropsychopharmacological studies of developmental factors in alcoholism are providing a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of personality and learning. Studies of the adopted-away children of alcoholics show that the predisposition to initiate alcohol-seeking behavior is genetically different from susceptibility to loss of control after drinking begins. Alcohol-seeking behavior is a special case of exploratory appetitive behavior and involves different neurogenetic processes than do susceptibility to behavioral tolerance and dependence on the antianxiety or sedative effects of alcohol. Three dimensions of personality have been described that may reflect individual differences in brain systems modulating the activation, maintenance, and inhibition of behavioral responses to the effects of alcohol and other environmental stimuli. These personality traits distinguish alcoholics with different patterns of behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuropharmacological responses to alcohol.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>The American Association for the Advancement of Science</pub><pmid>2882604</pmid><doi>10.1126/science.2882604</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0036-8075 |
| ispartof | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 1987-04, Vol.236 (4800), p.410-416 |
| issn | 0036-8075 1095-9203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_36503199 |
| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| subjects | Addictive behaviors Adult and adolescent clinical studies Alcohol abuse Alcohol drinking Alcohol related disorders Alcoholic beverages Alcoholism Alcoholism - etiology Alcoholism - genetics Alcoholism - physiopathology Alcoholism - psychology Appetite - physiology Avoidance Learning - physiology Behavior - physiology Biological and medical sciences Compulsive behavior Drinking (Alcoholic beverages) Drinking of alcoholic beverages Environment Ethanol Extinction, Psychological Female Genetic aspects Genetics Male Medical genetics Medical sciences Nervous system Neurobiology Neurotransmitter Agents - physiology Parents Personality Personality traits Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Reinforcement (Psychology) Social aspects |
| title | Neurogenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in Alcoholism |
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