Extracting Information from Spot Interest Rates and Credit Ratings using Double Higher-Order Hidden Markov Models
Estimating and forecasting the unobservable states of an economy are important and practically relevant topics in economics. Central bankers and regulators can use information about the market expectations on the hidden states of the economy as a reference for decision and policy makings, for instan...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Computational economics 2005-11, Vol.26 (3), p.69-102 |
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| creator | Siu, Tak Kuen Ng, Michael Ching, Wai-Ki Fung, Eric |
| description | Estimating and forecasting the unobservable states of an economy are important and practically relevant topics in economics. Central bankers and regulators can use information about the market expectations on the hidden states of the economy as a reference for decision and policy makings, for instance, deciding monetary policies. Spot interest rates and credit ratings of bonds contain important information about the hidden sequence of the states of the economy. In this paper, we develop double higher-order hidden Markov chain models (DHHMMs) for extracting information about the hidden sequence of the states of an economy from the spot interest rates and credit ratings of bonds. We consider a discrete-state model described by DHHMMs and focus on the qualitative aspect of the unobservable states of the economy. The observable spot interest rates and credit ratings of bonds depend on the hidden states of the economy which are modelled by DHHMMs. The DHHMMs can incorporate the persistent phenomena of the time series of spot interest rates and the credit ratings. We employ the maximum likelihood method and the EM algorithm, namely Viterbi's algorithm, to uncover the optimal hidden sequence of the states of the economy which can be interpreted the “best” estimate of the sequence of the underlying economic states generating the spot interest rates and credit ratings of the bonds. Then, we develop an efficient maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the unknown parameters in our model. Numerical experiment will be conducted to illustrate the implementation of the model. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2005 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10614-005-9010-6 |
| format | Article |
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We employ the maximum likelihood method and the EM algorithm, namely Viterbi's algorithm, to uncover the optimal hidden sequence of the states of the economy which can be interpreted the “best” estimate of the sequence of the underlying economic states generating the spot interest rates and credit ratings of the bonds. Then, we develop an efficient maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the unknown parameters in our model. Numerical experiment will be conducted to illustrate the implementation of the model. 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| ispartof | Computational economics, 2005-11, Vol.26 (3), p.69-102 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | RePEc; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Business cycles Central banks Credit ratings double higher-order hidden markov model Economic activity Economic forecasts Economic growth Economic models Estimates Financial research Interest rates long range dependence Macroeconomics Markov analysis Markovian processes Mathematical methods Mathematics Maximum likelihood method Monetary policy optimal hidden economic states Principal components analysis Ratings & rankings spot interest rates Statistical models Studies |
| title | Extracting Information from Spot Interest Rates and Credit Ratings using Double Higher-Order Hidden Markov Models |
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