Validation of Synthetic Diamond for a Beam Condition Monitor for the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment
The CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will collide two counter rotating proton beams. The energy stored in each beam is about 350 MJ. If there is a failure in an element of the accelerator, the resulting beam losses could cause damage not only to the accelerator itself, but also to the physics experi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on nuclear science 2007-02, Vol.54 (1), p.182-185 |
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| creator | Chong, D. Fernandez-Hernando, L. Gray, R. Ilgner, C.J. Macpherson, A.L. Oh, A. Pritchard, T.W. Stone, R. Worm, S. |
| description | The CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will collide two counter rotating proton beams. The energy stored in each beam is about 350 MJ. If there is a failure in an element of the accelerator, the resulting beam losses could cause damage not only to the accelerator itself, but also to the physics experiments installed. Within the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS), the use of a Beam Condition Monitor (BCM) is planned to monitor a possible fast increase of the particle flux near the interaction point. The system will flag the onset of adverse beam conditions within the CMS experiment, and, if necessary, input into the beam abort system of the LHC requesting a fast beam dump. Constraints on BCM design from radiation hardness, a minimal material and services budget, and the need for fast signals from sensors with high sensitivity and a large dynamic range, have led to the investigation of synthetic chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond for the BCM sensor. In a 5 GeV hadron beam the response of CVD diamonds was tested in fluxes ranging from single minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) to 10 8 MIPs per cm 2 , delivered over 40 ns. The signal response, linearity, and stability of both un-irradiated and irradiated sensors were tested over this flux range, and will be presented herein. The results confirm the applicability of CVD diamond for this beam monitoring application |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TNS.2006.889644 |
| format | Article |
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The energy stored in each beam is about 350 MJ. If there is a failure in an element of the accelerator, the resulting beam losses could cause damage not only to the accelerator itself, but also to the physics experiments installed. Within the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS), the use of a Beam Condition Monitor (BCM) is planned to monitor a possible fast increase of the particle flux near the interaction point. The system will flag the onset of adverse beam conditions within the CMS experiment, and, if necessary, input into the beam abort system of the LHC requesting a fast beam dump. Constraints on BCM design from radiation hardness, a minimal material and services budget, and the need for fast signals from sensors with high sensitivity and a large dynamic range, have led to the investigation of synthetic chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond for the BCM sensor. In a 5 GeV hadron beam the response of CVD diamonds was tested in fluxes ranging from single minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) to 10 8 MIPs per cm 2 , delivered over 40 ns. The signal response, linearity, and stability of both un-irradiated and irradiated sensors were tested over this flux range, and will be presented herein. The results confirm the applicability of CVD diamond for this beam monitoring application</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9499</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1578</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2006.889644</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETNAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Beam abort ; Beams (radiation) ; Chemical sensors ; Chemical vapor deposition ; chemical vapor deposition diamond ; Colliding beam accelerators ; Collision mitigation ; Condition monitoring ; Diamonds ; Experiments ; Hadrons ; Large Hadron Collider ; Mesons ; Monitors ; Muons ; Particle accelerators ; Particle beams ; position sensitive detectors ; Proton accelerators ; Proton beams ; radiation detection: radiation detectors ; semiconductor detectors: characterization ; Sensors ; Solenoids</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on nuclear science, 2007-02, Vol.54 (1), p.182-185</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3434-580bfab9ff0253196970fc42539c525f4e1d6075edb6d1b129a448a1db5721093</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3434-580bfab9ff0253196970fc42539c525f4e1d6075edb6d1b129a448a1db5721093</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4089146$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4089146$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chong, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez-Hernando, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gray, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ilgner, C.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macpherson, A.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pritchard, T.W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stone, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Worm, S.</creatorcontrib><title>Validation of Synthetic Diamond for a Beam Condition Monitor for the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment</title><title>IEEE transactions on nuclear science</title><addtitle>TNS</addtitle><description>The CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will collide two counter rotating proton beams. The energy stored in each beam is about 350 MJ. If there is a failure in an element of the accelerator, the resulting beam losses could cause damage not only to the accelerator itself, but also to the physics experiments installed. Within the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS), the use of a Beam Condition Monitor (BCM) is planned to monitor a possible fast increase of the particle flux near the interaction point. The system will flag the onset of adverse beam conditions within the CMS experiment, and, if necessary, input into the beam abort system of the LHC requesting a fast beam dump. Constraints on BCM design from radiation hardness, a minimal material and services budget, and the need for fast signals from sensors with high sensitivity and a large dynamic range, have led to the investigation of synthetic chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond for the BCM sensor. In a 5 GeV hadron beam the response of CVD diamonds was tested in fluxes ranging from single minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) to 10 8 MIPs per cm 2 , delivered over 40 ns. The signal response, linearity, and stability of both un-irradiated and irradiated sensors were tested over this flux range, and will be presented herein. The results confirm the applicability of CVD diamond for this beam monitoring application</description><subject>Beam abort</subject><subject>Beams (radiation)</subject><subject>Chemical sensors</subject><subject>Chemical vapor deposition</subject><subject>chemical vapor deposition diamond</subject><subject>Colliding beam accelerators</subject><subject>Collision mitigation</subject><subject>Condition monitoring</subject><subject>Diamonds</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Hadrons</subject><subject>Large Hadron Collider</subject><subject>Mesons</subject><subject>Monitors</subject><subject>Muons</subject><subject>Particle accelerators</subject><subject>Particle beams</subject><subject>position sensitive detectors</subject><subject>Proton accelerators</subject><subject>Proton beams</subject><subject>radiation detection: radiation detectors</subject><subject>semiconductor detectors: characterization</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>Solenoids</subject><issn>0018-9499</issn><issn>1558-1578</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kT1PwzAQhi0EEqUwM7BYDDCltRPbiUco5UNqYWhhjZzEFq6SOMSJRP89F4IYGJjuTu9zp7t7ETqnZEYpkfPt82YWEiJmSSIFYwdoQjlPAsrj5BBNCKFJIJmUx-jE-x2UjBM-QfpNlbZQnXU1dgZv9nX3rjub4zurKlcX2LgWK3yrVYUXUNtvcu1q24EwiMCDUjUq7_C6B3HjSl07W-DlZ6NbW-m6O0VHRpVen_3EKXq9X24Xj8Hq5eFpcbMK8ohFLOAJyYzKpDEk5BGVQsbE5AxymfOQG6ZpIUjMdZGJgmY0lIqxRNEi43EIP4im6Hqc27Tuo9e-Syvrc12Wqtau96mkTDAueQTk1b9kJCIu45AAePkH3Lm-reEKmBbCi4WgAM1HKG-d9602aQOHq3afUpIO7qTgTjq4k47uQMfF2GG11r80I8mwYvQFI1GJyg</recordid><startdate>200702</startdate><enddate>200702</enddate><creator>Chong, D.</creator><creator>Fernandez-Hernando, L.</creator><creator>Gray, R.</creator><creator>Ilgner, C.J.</creator><creator>Macpherson, A.L.</creator><creator>Oh, A.</creator><creator>Pritchard, T.W.</creator><creator>Stone, R.</creator><creator>Worm, S.</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 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characterization</topic><topic>Sensors</topic><topic>Solenoids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chong, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez-Hernando, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gray, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ilgner, C.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macpherson, A.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pritchard, T.W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stone, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Worm, S.</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems 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Experiment</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on nuclear science</jtitle><stitle>TNS</stitle><date>2007-02</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>182</spage><epage>185</epage><pages>182-185</pages><issn>0018-9499</issn><eissn>1558-1578</eissn><coden>IETNAE</coden><abstract>The CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will collide two counter rotating proton beams. The energy stored in each beam is about 350 MJ. If there is a failure in an element of the accelerator, the resulting beam losses could cause damage not only to the accelerator itself, but also to the physics experiments installed. Within the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS), the use of a Beam Condition Monitor (BCM) is planned to monitor a possible fast increase of the particle flux near the interaction point. The system will flag the onset of adverse beam conditions within the CMS experiment, and, if necessary, input into the beam abort system of the LHC requesting a fast beam dump. Constraints on BCM design from radiation hardness, a minimal material and services budget, and the need for fast signals from sensors with high sensitivity and a large dynamic range, have led to the investigation of synthetic chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond for the BCM sensor. In a 5 GeV hadron beam the response of CVD diamonds was tested in fluxes ranging from single minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) to 10 8 MIPs per cm 2 , delivered over 40 ns. The signal response, linearity, and stability of both un-irradiated and irradiated sensors were tested over this flux range, and will be presented herein. The results confirm the applicability of CVD diamond for this beam monitoring application</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TNS.2006.889644</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Beam abort Beams (radiation) Chemical sensors Chemical vapor deposition chemical vapor deposition diamond Colliding beam accelerators Collision mitigation Condition monitoring Diamonds Experiments Hadrons Large Hadron Collider Mesons Monitors Muons Particle accelerators Particle beams position sensitive detectors Proton accelerators Proton beams radiation detection: radiation detectors semiconductor detectors: characterization Sensors Solenoids |
| title | Validation of Synthetic Diamond for a Beam Condition Monitor for the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment |
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