Variable-range-hopping exponents 1/2, 2/5 and 1/4 in HCl-doped polyaniline pellets
We study the variable-range-hopping (VRH) charge transport in polyaniline pellets doped with HCl over a wide range. Increase of the doping not only enhances the electrical conductivity σ but also weakens the disorder, which affects the VRH mechanism. This is revealed in the σ vs temperature ( T) cha...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Synthetic metals 2009-04, Vol.159 (7), p.649-653 |
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| creator | Novak, M. Kokanović, I. Babić, D. Baćani, M. Tonejc, A. |
| description | We study the variable-range-hopping (VRH) charge transport in polyaniline pellets doped with HCl over a wide range. Increase of the doping not only enhances the electrical conductivity
σ
but also weakens the disorder, which affects the VRH mechanism. This is revealed in the
σ
vs temperature (
T) characteristics
σ
∝
exp
[
−
(
T
0
/
T
)
α
]
, where
α
and
T
0
carry information on the underlying physics. Below
∼
200
K,
α
undergoes a significant disorder dependent change at
∼
60% of the full doping:
α
=
1
/
2
for lower doping, whereas more-doped samples exhibit
α
=
2
/
5
. From
∼
200
K up to room temperature, most of the samples (i.e., those doped below 80%) exhibit
α
=
1
/
4
regardless of the corresponding
α
at low
T. These results can be to a large extent explained by the VRH theory of Fogler et al. [M.M. Fogler, S. Teber, B.I. Shklovskii, Phys. Rev. B 69 (2004) 035413] (FTS). In particular,
α
=
1
/
2
,
2
/
5
,
1
/
4
are therein anticipated for three-dimensional transport together with crossovers between these values in response to changes in disorder and/or
T. The doping (disorder) dependence of
T
0
for a given
α
=
1
/
2
or
2
/
5
also follows the FTS predictions reasonably well. The appearance of
α
=
1
/
4
at high
T can be understood from an analysis of energy scales that are relevant to VRH as described by the FTS model. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.synthmet.2008.12.010 |
| format | Article |
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σ
but also weakens the disorder, which affects the VRH mechanism. This is revealed in the
σ
vs temperature (
T) characteristics
σ
∝
exp
[
−
(
T
0
/
T
)
α
]
, where
α
and
T
0
carry information on the underlying physics. Below
∼
200
K,
α
undergoes a significant disorder dependent change at
∼
60% of the full doping:
α
=
1
/
2
for lower doping, whereas more-doped samples exhibit
α
=
2
/
5
. From
∼
200
K up to room temperature, most of the samples (i.e., those doped below 80%) exhibit
α
=
1
/
4
regardless of the corresponding
α
at low
T. These results can be to a large extent explained by the VRH theory of Fogler et al. [M.M. Fogler, S. Teber, B.I. Shklovskii, Phys. Rev. B 69 (2004) 035413] (FTS). In particular,
α
=
1
/
2
,
2
/
5
,
1
/
4
are therein anticipated for three-dimensional transport together with crossovers between these values in response to changes in disorder and/or
T. The doping (disorder) dependence of
T
0
for a given
α
=
1
/
2
or
2
/
5
also follows the FTS predictions reasonably well. The appearance of
α
=
1
/
4
at high
T can be understood from an analysis of energy scales that are relevant to VRH as described by the FTS model.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-6779</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3290</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2008.12.010</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SYMEDZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Conductivity ; Crossover ; Electrical, magnetic and optical properties ; Exact sciences and technology ; Organic polymers ; Physicochemistry of polymers ; Polyaniline ; Properties and characterization ; Variable-range hopping</subject><ispartof>Synthetic metals, 2009-04, Vol.159 (7), p.649-653</ispartof><rights>2008 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-8b713ce9e55bf8257b1269b5ef711c921a86903186bb992db0722b33bd2860173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-8b713ce9e55bf8257b1269b5ef711c921a86903186bb992db0722b33bd2860173</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2008.12.010$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21507268$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Novak, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kokanović, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babić, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baćani, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tonejc, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Variable-range-hopping exponents 1/2, 2/5 and 1/4 in HCl-doped polyaniline pellets</title><title>Synthetic metals</title><description>We study the variable-range-hopping (VRH) charge transport in polyaniline pellets doped with HCl over a wide range. Increase of the doping not only enhances the electrical conductivity
σ
but also weakens the disorder, which affects the VRH mechanism. This is revealed in the
σ
vs temperature (
T) characteristics
σ
∝
exp
[
−
(
T
0
/
T
)
α
]
, where
α
and
T
0
carry information on the underlying physics. Below
∼
200
K,
α
undergoes a significant disorder dependent change at
∼
60% of the full doping:
α
=
1
/
2
for lower doping, whereas more-doped samples exhibit
α
=
2
/
5
. From
∼
200
K up to room temperature, most of the samples (i.e., those doped below 80%) exhibit
α
=
1
/
4
regardless of the corresponding
α
at low
T. These results can be to a large extent explained by the VRH theory of Fogler et al. [M.M. Fogler, S. Teber, B.I. Shklovskii, Phys. Rev. B 69 (2004) 035413] (FTS). In particular,
α
=
1
/
2
,
2
/
5
,
1
/
4
are therein anticipated for three-dimensional transport together with crossovers between these values in response to changes in disorder and/or
T. The doping (disorder) dependence of
T
0
for a given
α
=
1
/
2
or
2
/
5
also follows the FTS predictions reasonably well. The appearance of
α
=
1
/
4
at high
T can be understood from an analysis of energy scales that are relevant to VRH as described by the FTS model.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Conductivity</subject><subject>Crossover</subject><subject>Electrical, magnetic and optical properties</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Organic polymers</subject><subject>Physicochemistry of polymers</subject><subject>Polyaniline</subject><subject>Properties and characterization</subject><subject>Variable-range hopping</subject><issn>0379-6779</issn><issn>1879-3290</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE1LxDAQhoMouH78BelFT7abSUzT3JTFLxAEUa8hSaeapZvWpIr7742sevU0M_C-M-88hBwBrYBCPV9WaR2m1xVOFaO0qYBVFOgWmUEjVcmZottkRnnuaynVLtlLaUkpBcXEjDw8m-iN7bGMJrxg-TqMow8vBX6OQ8AwpQLm7LRgc1GY0ObhrPChuFn0ZTuM2Bbj0K9N8L0PWIzY9zilA7LTmT7h4U_dJ09Xl4-Lm_Lu_vp2cXFXOi75VDZWAneoUAjbNUxIC6xWVmAnAZxiYJpaUQ5Nba1SrLVUMmY5ty1ragqS75OTzd4xDm_vmCa98snlDCbg8J40P5MgBRdZWG-ELg4pRez0GP3KxLUGqr8R6qX-Rai_EWpgOiPMxuOfCyY503cZkfPpz81A5Ex1k3XnGx3mdz88Rp2cx-Cw9RHdpNvB_3fqC15riF8</recordid><startdate>20090401</startdate><enddate>20090401</enddate><creator>Novak, M.</creator><creator>Kokanović, I.</creator><creator>Babić, D.</creator><creator>Baćani, M.</creator><creator>Tonejc, A.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090401</creationdate><title>Variable-range-hopping exponents 1/2, 2/5 and 1/4 in HCl-doped polyaniline pellets</title><author>Novak, M. ; Kokanović, I. ; Babić, D. ; Baćani, M. ; Tonejc, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-8b713ce9e55bf8257b1269b5ef711c921a86903186bb992db0722b33bd2860173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Conductivity</topic><topic>Crossover</topic><topic>Electrical, magnetic and optical properties</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Organic polymers</topic><topic>Physicochemistry of polymers</topic><topic>Polyaniline</topic><topic>Properties and characterization</topic><topic>Variable-range hopping</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Novak, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kokanović, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babić, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baćani, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tonejc, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>Synthetic metals</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Novak, M.</au><au>Kokanović, I.</au><au>Babić, D.</au><au>Baćani, M.</au><au>Tonejc, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Variable-range-hopping exponents 1/2, 2/5 and 1/4 in HCl-doped polyaniline pellets</atitle><jtitle>Synthetic metals</jtitle><date>2009-04-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>159</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>649</spage><epage>653</epage><pages>649-653</pages><issn>0379-6779</issn><eissn>1879-3290</eissn><coden>SYMEDZ</coden><abstract>We study the variable-range-hopping (VRH) charge transport in polyaniline pellets doped with HCl over a wide range. Increase of the doping not only enhances the electrical conductivity
σ
but also weakens the disorder, which affects the VRH mechanism. This is revealed in the
σ
vs temperature (
T) characteristics
σ
∝
exp
[
−
(
T
0
/
T
)
α
]
, where
α
and
T
0
carry information on the underlying physics. Below
∼
200
K,
α
undergoes a significant disorder dependent change at
∼
60% of the full doping:
α
=
1
/
2
for lower doping, whereas more-doped samples exhibit
α
=
2
/
5
. From
∼
200
K up to room temperature, most of the samples (i.e., those doped below 80%) exhibit
α
=
1
/
4
regardless of the corresponding
α
at low
T. These results can be to a large extent explained by the VRH theory of Fogler et al. [M.M. Fogler, S. Teber, B.I. Shklovskii, Phys. Rev. B 69 (2004) 035413] (FTS). In particular,
α
=
1
/
2
,
2
/
5
,
1
/
4
are therein anticipated for three-dimensional transport together with crossovers between these values in response to changes in disorder and/or
T. The doping (disorder) dependence of
T
0
for a given
α
=
1
/
2
or
2
/
5
also follows the FTS predictions reasonably well. The appearance of
α
=
1
/
4
at high
T can be understood from an analysis of energy scales that are relevant to VRH as described by the FTS model.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.synthmet.2008.12.010</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0379-6779 |
| ispartof | Synthetic metals, 2009-04, Vol.159 (7), p.649-653 |
| issn | 0379-6779 1879-3290 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_34717535 |
| source | ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Applied sciences Conductivity Crossover Electrical, magnetic and optical properties Exact sciences and technology Organic polymers Physicochemistry of polymers Polyaniline Properties and characterization Variable-range hopping |
| title | Variable-range-hopping exponents 1/2, 2/5 and 1/4 in HCl-doped polyaniline pellets |
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