ESFENVALERATE-INDUCED CASE-ABANDONMENT IN THE LARVAE OF THE CADDISFLY (BRACHYCENTRUS AMERICANUS)
Field-collected Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) larvae were used to investigate the relationship between esfenvalerate exposure and case-abandonment response, determine larval ability to construct a new case, and measure the change in predation risk to insects in rebuil...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2008-02, Vol.27 (2), p.397-403 |
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| creator | Johnson, K.R Jepson, P.C Jenkins, J.J |
| description | Field-collected Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) larvae were used to investigate the relationship between esfenvalerate exposure and case-abandonment response, determine larval ability to construct a new case, and measure the change in predation risk to insects in rebuilt cases. We evaluated case-abandonment following four environmentally relevant esfenvalerate exposures, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 μg/L; 48-h exposures to 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L (nominal) esfenvalerate both resulted in over 60% of larvae abandoning cases and were statistically indistinguishable. Propensity to engage in building behaviors was significantly diminished in 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L esfenvalerate-exposed insects that had abandoned cases, with less than 20% of exposed insects producing cases. Cases built by intoxicated larvae were characterized by a disorganized composition, and required half the pressure to crush versus cases built by nonexposed larvae. Pre-exposing case-building material to 1 μg/L esfenvalerate also reduced the physical strength of rebuilt cases. Larvae inhabiting weaker rebuilt cases and larvae without cases were significantly more susceptible to predation by second year Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae) stonefly nymphs than those in original cases. Overall, we concluded that small behavioral responses can have profound consequences for survival of species and reveal susceptible stages in life-cycles that can be overlooked by conventional approaches to ecological risk assessment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1897/07-185R1.1 |
| format | Article |
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We evaluated case-abandonment following four environmentally relevant esfenvalerate exposures, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 μg/L; 48-h exposures to 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L (nominal) esfenvalerate both resulted in over 60% of larvae abandoning cases and were statistically indistinguishable. Propensity to engage in building behaviors was significantly diminished in 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L esfenvalerate-exposed insects that had abandoned cases, with less than 20% of exposed insects producing cases. Cases built by intoxicated larvae were characterized by a disorganized composition, and required half the pressure to crush versus cases built by nonexposed larvae. Pre-exposing case-building material to 1 μg/L esfenvalerate also reduced the physical strength of rebuilt cases. Larvae inhabiting weaker rebuilt cases and larvae without cases were significantly more susceptible to predation by second year Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae) stonefly nymphs than those in original cases. Overall, we concluded that small behavioral responses can have profound consequences for survival of species and reveal susceptible stages in life-cycles that can be overlooked by conventional approaches to ecological risk assessment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0730-7268</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-8618</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1897/07-185R1.1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18348627</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Periodicals, Inc</publisher><subject>Ability ; Adults ; Animals ; Aquatic insects ; Behavior ; Behavior, Animal - drug effects ; Biological Assay - methods ; Brachycentridae ; Brachycentrus americanus ; Case-abandonment recovery ; dose response ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; ecotoxicology ; Energy resources ; Environmental conditions ; environmental exposure ; Environmental health ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; esfenvalerate ; Health hazards ; Health services ; Hesperoperla pacifica ; insect behavior ; Insecta - drug effects ; Insecta - physiology ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - pharmacology ; Insects ; Larva - drug effects ; Larvae ; mortality ; Nitriles - pharmacology ; Perlidae ; Plecoptera ; predation ; Pyrethrins - pharmacology ; Risk assessment ; Sublethal effects ; Synthetic pyrethroid ; Trichoptera ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2008-02, Vol.27 (2), p.397-403</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2008 SETAC</rights><rights>Copyright Alliance Communications Group, A Division of Allen Press, Inc. 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We evaluated case-abandonment following four environmentally relevant esfenvalerate exposures, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 μg/L; 48-h exposures to 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L (nominal) esfenvalerate both resulted in over 60% of larvae abandoning cases and were statistically indistinguishable. Propensity to engage in building behaviors was significantly diminished in 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L esfenvalerate-exposed insects that had abandoned cases, with less than 20% of exposed insects producing cases. Cases built by intoxicated larvae were characterized by a disorganized composition, and required half the pressure to crush versus cases built by nonexposed larvae. Pre-exposing case-building material to 1 μg/L esfenvalerate also reduced the physical strength of rebuilt cases. Larvae inhabiting weaker rebuilt cases and larvae without cases were significantly more susceptible to predation by second year Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae) stonefly nymphs than those in original cases. Overall, we concluded that small behavioral responses can have profound consequences for survival of species and reveal susceptible stages in life-cycles that can be overlooked by conventional approaches to ecological risk assessment.</description><subject>Ability</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Behavior, Animal - drug effects</subject><subject>Biological Assay - methods</subject><subject>Brachycentridae</subject><subject>Brachycentrus americanus</subject><subject>Case-abandonment recovery</subject><subject>dose response</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Energy resources</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>environmental exposure</subject><subject>Environmental health</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring - methods</subject><subject>esfenvalerate</subject><subject>Health 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We evaluated case-abandonment following four environmentally relevant esfenvalerate exposures, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 μg/L; 48-h exposures to 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L (nominal) esfenvalerate both resulted in over 60% of larvae abandoning cases and were statistically indistinguishable. Propensity to engage in building behaviors was significantly diminished in 0.2 and 0.4 μg/L esfenvalerate-exposed insects that had abandoned cases, with less than 20% of exposed insects producing cases. Cases built by intoxicated larvae were characterized by a disorganized composition, and required half the pressure to crush versus cases built by nonexposed larvae. Pre-exposing case-building material to 1 μg/L esfenvalerate also reduced the physical strength of rebuilt cases. Larvae inhabiting weaker rebuilt cases and larvae without cases were significantly more susceptible to predation by second year Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae) stonefly nymphs than those in original cases. Overall, we concluded that small behavioral responses can have profound consequences for survival of species and reveal susceptible stages in life-cycles that can be overlooked by conventional approaches to ecological risk assessment.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Periodicals, Inc</pub><pmid>18348627</pmid><doi>10.1897/07-185R1.1</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2008-02, Vol.27 (2), p.397-403 |
| issn | 0730-7268 1552-8618 |
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| subjects | Ability Adults Animals Aquatic insects Behavior Behavior, Animal - drug effects Biological Assay - methods Brachycentridae Brachycentrus americanus Case-abandonment recovery dose response Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ecotoxicology Energy resources Environmental conditions environmental exposure Environmental health Environmental Monitoring - methods esfenvalerate Health hazards Health services Hesperoperla pacifica insect behavior Insecta - drug effects Insecta - physiology Insecticides Insecticides - pharmacology Insects Larva - drug effects Larvae mortality Nitriles - pharmacology Perlidae Plecoptera predation Pyrethrins - pharmacology Risk assessment Sublethal effects Synthetic pyrethroid Trichoptera Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacology |
| title | ESFENVALERATE-INDUCED CASE-ABANDONMENT IN THE LARVAE OF THE CADDISFLY (BRACHYCENTRUS AMERICANUS) |
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