Sulfides as environmental stressors in Paracas Bay, Peru
Paracas Bay, located in the Humboldt Current system, is a highly variable coastal environment where hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentrations
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Marine pollution bulletin 2025-03, Vol.212, p.117550, Article 117550 |
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| container_title | Marine pollution bulletin |
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| creator | Rioual, Fanny Flye-Sainte-Marie, Jonathan Point, David Colas, François Cuellar-Martinez, Tomasa Tam, Jorge Diaz, Kevin Carhuapoma, Wilson Graco, Michelle Jean, Fred Aguirre-Velarde, Arturo |
| description | Paracas Bay, located in the Humboldt Current system, is a highly variable coastal environment where hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentrations |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117550 |
| format | Article |
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•Sulfides were measured for the first time in the water column of Paracas Bay.•Concentration were higher at the bottom, suggesting a diffusion from the sediment.•Sulfides accumulate in the water after 18 consecutive hours of severe hypoxia.•Combined advective and local processes cause the occurrence of sulfidic events.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0025-326X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1879-3363</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3363</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117550</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39824126</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Environmental monitoring ; Humboldt Current system ; Hypoxia ; Sulfides ; Upwelling bay</subject><ispartof>Marine pollution bulletin, 2025-03, Vol.212, p.117550, Article 117550</ispartof><rights>2025 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1626-c632a192a2d9a7c84e8bd47c06b6ff93deb7495d9ad29b555d0f8d6814faeb3f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X25000256$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39824126$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rioual, Fanny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flye-Sainte-Marie, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Point, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colas, François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuellar-Martinez, Tomasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tam, Jorge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaz, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carhuapoma, Wilson</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graco, Michelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jean, Fred</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguirre-Velarde, Arturo</creatorcontrib><title>Sulfides as environmental stressors in Paracas Bay, Peru</title><title>Marine pollution bulletin</title><addtitle>Mar Pollut Bull</addtitle><description>Paracas Bay, located in the Humboldt Current system, is a highly variable coastal environment where hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentrations <2 mg L−1) has been reported as a persistent feature of bottom conditions. In addition to hypoxia, milky water events have been reported in the bay, most likely associated with the presence of sulfides (i.e. sulfidic events), including toxic hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This study is the first report of sulfide concentrations in the water column of Paracas Bay, with concentrations up to 6.79 μmol L−1 measured in the bottom water layer using Diffusive Gradient in Thin film (DGT) passive samplers. Sulfides showed a marked seasonal pattern, while ENSO phases did not seem to affect their occurrence. The presence of sulfides in the water column is closely linked to hypoxic conditions. Indeed, the analysis of the relationship between the duration of severe bottom hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤0.15 mg L−1) and sulfides concentrations revealed a threshold of 18 h for sulfides accumulation in the overlying waters. Also, a gradient in sulfides concentration was observed from the sediment to the upper water layer. This gradient coupled with the variability of environmental variables (temperature, dissolved oxygen and currents velocity) highlights the complexity of this system, and suggests that a combination of advective and local physical and biogeochemical processes are responsible for the sulfidic events to occur in Paracas Bay. This study provides a baseline for assessing the potential toxicity of sulfides to cultured Peruvian scallops in upwelling bays.
•Sulfides were measured for the first time in the water column of Paracas Bay.•Concentration were higher at the bottom, suggesting a diffusion from the sediment.•Sulfides accumulate in the water after 18 consecutive hours of severe hypoxia.•Combined advective and local processes cause the occurrence of sulfidic events.</description><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Humboldt Current system</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Sulfides</subject><subject>Upwelling bay</subject><issn>0025-326X</issn><issn>1879-3363</issn><issn>1879-3363</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkMtOwzAQRS0EoqXwC5AlCxL8SOx4WSpeUiUqARI7y7Enkqs0KXZSqX-PqxS2rGYxZ-bqHoRuCM4IJvx-nW2033ZNNTQZxbTICBFFgU_QlJRCpoxxdoqmOG5SRvnXBF2EsMYYCyrIOZowWdKcUD5F5fvQ1M5CSHRIoN0537UbaHvdJKH3EELnQ-LaZKW9NhF50Pu7ZAV-uERntW4CXB3nDH0-PX4sXtLl2_PrYr5MDeGUp4YzqomkmlqphSlzKCubC4N5xetaMguVyGURl5bKqigKi-vS8pLktYaK1WyGbse_W999DxB6tXHBQNPoFrohKEYKLnkZW0ZUjKjxXQgearX1LnraK4LVQZtaqz9t6qBNjdri5fUxZKg2YP_ufj1FYD4CEKvuHHgVjIPWgHUeTK9s5_4N-QHIDYJ2</recordid><startdate>202503</startdate><enddate>202503</enddate><creator>Rioual, Fanny</creator><creator>Flye-Sainte-Marie, Jonathan</creator><creator>Point, David</creator><creator>Colas, François</creator><creator>Cuellar-Martinez, Tomasa</creator><creator>Tam, Jorge</creator><creator>Diaz, Kevin</creator><creator>Carhuapoma, Wilson</creator><creator>Graco, Michelle</creator><creator>Jean, Fred</creator><creator>Aguirre-Velarde, Arturo</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202503</creationdate><title>Sulfides as environmental stressors in Paracas Bay, Peru</title><author>Rioual, Fanny ; Flye-Sainte-Marie, Jonathan ; Point, David ; Colas, François ; Cuellar-Martinez, Tomasa ; Tam, Jorge ; Diaz, Kevin ; Carhuapoma, Wilson ; Graco, Michelle ; Jean, Fred ; Aguirre-Velarde, Arturo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1626-c632a192a2d9a7c84e8bd47c06b6ff93deb7495d9ad29b555d0f8d6814faeb3f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Environmental monitoring</topic><topic>Humboldt Current system</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Sulfides</topic><topic>Upwelling bay</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rioual, Fanny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flye-Sainte-Marie, Jonathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Point, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colas, François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cuellar-Martinez, Tomasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tam, Jorge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaz, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carhuapoma, Wilson</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graco, Michelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jean, Fred</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguirre-Velarde, Arturo</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Marine pollution bulletin</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rioual, Fanny</au><au>Flye-Sainte-Marie, Jonathan</au><au>Point, David</au><au>Colas, François</au><au>Cuellar-Martinez, Tomasa</au><au>Tam, Jorge</au><au>Diaz, Kevin</au><au>Carhuapoma, Wilson</au><au>Graco, Michelle</au><au>Jean, Fred</au><au>Aguirre-Velarde, Arturo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sulfides as environmental stressors in Paracas Bay, Peru</atitle><jtitle>Marine pollution bulletin</jtitle><addtitle>Mar Pollut Bull</addtitle><date>2025-03</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>212</volume><spage>117550</spage><pages>117550-</pages><artnum>117550</artnum><issn>0025-326X</issn><issn>1879-3363</issn><eissn>1879-3363</eissn><abstract>Paracas Bay, located in the Humboldt Current system, is a highly variable coastal environment where hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentrations <2 mg L−1) has been reported as a persistent feature of bottom conditions. In addition to hypoxia, milky water events have been reported in the bay, most likely associated with the presence of sulfides (i.e. sulfidic events), including toxic hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This study is the first report of sulfide concentrations in the water column of Paracas Bay, with concentrations up to 6.79 μmol L−1 measured in the bottom water layer using Diffusive Gradient in Thin film (DGT) passive samplers. Sulfides showed a marked seasonal pattern, while ENSO phases did not seem to affect their occurrence. The presence of sulfides in the water column is closely linked to hypoxic conditions. Indeed, the analysis of the relationship between the duration of severe bottom hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤0.15 mg L−1) and sulfides concentrations revealed a threshold of 18 h for sulfides accumulation in the overlying waters. Also, a gradient in sulfides concentration was observed from the sediment to the upper water layer. This gradient coupled with the variability of environmental variables (temperature, dissolved oxygen and currents velocity) highlights the complexity of this system, and suggests that a combination of advective and local physical and biogeochemical processes are responsible for the sulfidic events to occur in Paracas Bay. This study provides a baseline for assessing the potential toxicity of sulfides to cultured Peruvian scallops in upwelling bays.
•Sulfides were measured for the first time in the water column of Paracas Bay.•Concentration were higher at the bottom, suggesting a diffusion from the sediment.•Sulfides accumulate in the water after 18 consecutive hours of severe hypoxia.•Combined advective and local processes cause the occurrence of sulfidic events.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>39824126</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117550</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Environmental monitoring Humboldt Current system Hypoxia Sulfides Upwelling bay |
| title | Sulfides as environmental stressors in Paracas Bay, Peru |
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