Diagnostic approaches, aetiological agents and their associations with short‐term survival and laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions
Background An international description of the diagnostic approaches used in different institutions to diagnose acute equine diarrhoea and the pathogens detected is lacking. Objectives To describe the diagnostic approach, aetiological agents, outcome, and development of laminitis for diarrhoeic hors...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Equine veterinary journal 2024-09, Vol.56 (5), p.959-969 |
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| creator | Gomez, Diego E. Arroyo, Luis G. Schoster, Angelika Renaud, David L. Kopper, Jamie J. Dunkel, Bettina Byrne, David Toribio, Ramiro E. |
| description | Background
An international description of the diagnostic approaches used in different institutions to diagnose acute equine diarrhoea and the pathogens detected is lacking.
Objectives
To describe the diagnostic approach, aetiological agents, outcome, and development of laminitis for diarrhoeic horses worldwide.
Study design
Multicentre retrospective case series.
Methods
Information from horses with acute diarrhoea presenting to participating institutions between 2016 and 2020, including diagnostic approaches, pathogens detected and their associations with outcomes, were compared between institutions or geographic regions.
Results
One thousand four hundred and thirty‐eight horses from 26 participating institutions from 4 continents were included. Overall, aetiological testing was limited (44% for Salmonella spp., 42% for Neorickettsia risticii [only North America], 40% for Clostridiodes difficile, and 29% for ECoV); however, 13% (81/633) of horses tested positive for Salmonella, 13% (35/262) for N. risticii, 9% (37/422) for ECoV, and 5% (27/578) for C. difficile. C. difficile positive cases had greater odds of non‐survival than horses negative for C. difficile (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23–5.91). In addition, horses that were positive for N. risticii had greater odds of developing laminitis than negative horses (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12–6.81; p = 0.029).
Main limitations
Due to the study's retrospective nature, there are missing data.
Conclusions
This study highlighted limited diagnostic investigations in cases of acute equine diarrhoea. Detection rates of pathogens are similar to previous reports. Non‐survival and development of laminitis are related to certain detected pathogens.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine internationale Beschreibung der in verschiedenen Institutionen verwendeten diagnostischen Vorgehensweisen in der Diagnostizierung von akuten Durchfallerkrankungen beim Pferd und der nachgewiesenen Pathogene ist nicht vorhanden.
Ziel der Studie
Die Beschreibung der diagnostischen Vorgehensweise, ätiologischen Erreger, klinischer Ergebnisse und Aufkommen von Hufrehe bei Pferden mit Durchfallerkrankung weltweit.
Studiendesign
Multizentrisch retrospektive Fallserie.
Methodik
Informationen von Pferden mit akuter Durchfallerkrankung, welche bei teilnehmenden Institutionen zwischen 2016 und 2020 vorstellig waren, inklusive diagnostischer Vorgehensweise, identifizierter Pathogene und deren Assoziationen zu klinischen Ergebnissen, wurden zwischen Institutionen und |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/evj.14024 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3153728278</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2892272008</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4214-6b1ab1f74ff0f854be069bf5010f0b5e0587b9a07c19be3baaa6596e1271b063</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkU1uFDEQhS0EIkNgwQWQJTYgpZPyT_8toxACUSQ2EdtWuad62qPu9mC7J8qOI3APbsVJ8GQGFkgRtXEtvveqXI-x1wJORaoz2q5PhQapn7CFBC0zpaB4yhapzTNRaH3EXoSwBlBKavmcHamyrrTK8wX7-cHianIh2pbjZuMdtj2FE44UrRvcyrY4cFzRFAPHacljT9ZzDMG1FhMyBX5nY89D73z89f1HJD_yMPut3e6ESTHgaCcbbeB24okKdJBgO0fiS4ve946Q43K0MVKa4binjrxPDnZKq8X5YdJL9qzDIdCrw3vMbj9e3l58ym6-XH2-OL_JWi2Fzgoj0Iiu1F0HXZVrQ1DUpstBQAcmJ8ir0tQIZStqQ8ogYpHXBQlZCgOFOmbv9rbpGt9mCrEZbWhpGHAiN4dGiVyVspJl9V9UVrWUpQTYoW__Qddu9lP6R6OgBtCJhES931OtdyGkKzQbb0f0942AZpd1k7JuHrJO7JuD42xGWv4l_4SbgLM9cGcHun_cqbn8er23_A0XIrfT</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3090049220</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Diagnostic approaches, aetiological agents and their associations with short‐term survival and laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Gomez, Diego E. ; Arroyo, Luis G. ; Schoster, Angelika ; Renaud, David L. ; Kopper, Jamie J. ; Dunkel, Bettina ; Byrne, David ; Toribio, Ramiro E.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gomez, Diego E. ; Arroyo, Luis G. ; Schoster, Angelika ; Renaud, David L. ; Kopper, Jamie J. ; Dunkel, Bettina ; Byrne, David ; Toribio, Ramiro E. ; MEDS group ; The MEDS group</creatorcontrib><description>Background
An international description of the diagnostic approaches used in different institutions to diagnose acute equine diarrhoea and the pathogens detected is lacking.
Objectives
To describe the diagnostic approach, aetiological agents, outcome, and development of laminitis for diarrhoeic horses worldwide.
Study design
Multicentre retrospective case series.
Methods
Information from horses with acute diarrhoea presenting to participating institutions between 2016 and 2020, including diagnostic approaches, pathogens detected and their associations with outcomes, were compared between institutions or geographic regions.
Results
One thousand four hundred and thirty‐eight horses from 26 participating institutions from 4 continents were included. Overall, aetiological testing was limited (44% for Salmonella spp., 42% for Neorickettsia risticii [only North America], 40% for Clostridiodes difficile, and 29% for ECoV); however, 13% (81/633) of horses tested positive for Salmonella, 13% (35/262) for N. risticii, 9% (37/422) for ECoV, and 5% (27/578) for C. difficile. C. difficile positive cases had greater odds of non‐survival than horses negative for C. difficile (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23–5.91). In addition, horses that were positive for N. risticii had greater odds of developing laminitis than negative horses (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12–6.81; p = 0.029).
Main limitations
Due to the study's retrospective nature, there are missing data.
Conclusions
This study highlighted limited diagnostic investigations in cases of acute equine diarrhoea. Detection rates of pathogens are similar to previous reports. Non‐survival and development of laminitis are related to certain detected pathogens.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine internationale Beschreibung der in verschiedenen Institutionen verwendeten diagnostischen Vorgehensweisen in der Diagnostizierung von akuten Durchfallerkrankungen beim Pferd und der nachgewiesenen Pathogene ist nicht vorhanden.
Ziel der Studie
Die Beschreibung der diagnostischen Vorgehensweise, ätiologischen Erreger, klinischer Ergebnisse und Aufkommen von Hufrehe bei Pferden mit Durchfallerkrankung weltweit.
Studiendesign
Multizentrisch retrospektive Fallserie.
Methodik
Informationen von Pferden mit akuter Durchfallerkrankung, welche bei teilnehmenden Institutionen zwischen 2016 und 2020 vorstellig waren, inklusive diagnostischer Vorgehensweise, identifizierter Pathogene und deren Assoziationen zu klinischen Ergebnissen, wurden zwischen Institutionen und geographischen Regionen verglichen.
Ergebnisse
1438 Pferde von 26 teilnehmenden Institutionen aus vier Kontinenten wurden erfasst. Ätiologische Tests waren insgesamt eingeschränkt (44% für Salmonella spp., 42% für Neorickettsia risticii (nur Nordamerika), 40% für Clostridiodes difficile, und 29% für ECoV); allerdings testeten 13% (81/633) der Pferde positiv für Salmonella, 13% (35/262) für N. risticii, 9% (37/422) für ECoV, und 5% (27/578) für C. difficile. C. difficile‐positive Fälle wiesen eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit des Nicht‐Überlebens auf als C. difficile‐negative Pferde (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23 – 5.91). Außerdem hatten N. risticii‐positive Pferde eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, Hufrehe zu entwickeln als negativ getestete Pferde (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12 ‐ 6.81; P = 0.029).
Haupteinschränkungen
Durch den retrospektiven Charakter der Studie waren nicht alle Daten für alle Pferde verfügbar.
Schlussfolgerungen
Diese Studie zeigt limitierte diagnostische Untersuchungen bei Fällen von akuter Durchfallerkrankung auf. Erfassungsraten von Pathogenen sind mit vorherigen Berichten vergleichbar. Nicht‐Überleben und Aufkommen von Hufrehe sind mit bestimmten nachgewiesenen Pathogenen assoziiert.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0425-1644</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2042-3306</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2042-3306</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/evj.14024</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37984355</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Acute Disease ; Animals ; antimicrobial associated diarrhoea ; Clostridiosis ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea - diagnosis ; Diarrhea - microbiology ; Diarrhea - mortality ; Diarrhea - veterinary ; Etiology ; Female ; Foot Diseases - diagnosis ; Foot Diseases - microbiology ; Foot Diseases - mortality ; Foot Diseases - veterinary ; Hoof and Claw - microbiology ; Hoof and Claw - pathology ; horse ; Horse Diseases - diagnosis ; Horse Diseases - microbiology ; Horse Diseases - mortality ; Horses ; Inflammation - veterinary ; laminitis ; Male ; Neorickettsia risticii ; North America ; Pathogens ; Potomac horse fever ; Retrospective Studies ; Salmonella ; sand diarrhoea</subject><ispartof>Equine veterinary journal, 2024-09, Vol.56 (5), p.959-969</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.</rights><rights>2023 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.</rights><rights>2023. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4214-6b1ab1f74ff0f854be069bf5010f0b5e0587b9a07c19be3baaa6596e1271b063</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4214-6b1ab1f74ff0f854be069bf5010f0b5e0587b9a07c19be3baaa6596e1271b063</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2041-2144 ; 0000-0001-7495-4868 ; 0000-0003-0703-6439 ; 0000-0002-2162-6550 ; 0000-0002-9063-540X ; 0000-0002-6007-5413 ; 0000-0003-2910-9133</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fevj.14024$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fevj.14024$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37984355$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gomez, Diego E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arroyo, Luis G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schoster, Angelika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Renaud, David L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kopper, Jamie J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunkel, Bettina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byrne, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toribio, Ramiro E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MEDS group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>The MEDS group</creatorcontrib><title>Diagnostic approaches, aetiological agents and their associations with short‐term survival and laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions</title><title>Equine veterinary journal</title><addtitle>Equine Vet J</addtitle><description>Background
An international description of the diagnostic approaches used in different institutions to diagnose acute equine diarrhoea and the pathogens detected is lacking.
Objectives
To describe the diagnostic approach, aetiological agents, outcome, and development of laminitis for diarrhoeic horses worldwide.
Study design
Multicentre retrospective case series.
Methods
Information from horses with acute diarrhoea presenting to participating institutions between 2016 and 2020, including diagnostic approaches, pathogens detected and their associations with outcomes, were compared between institutions or geographic regions.
Results
One thousand four hundred and thirty‐eight horses from 26 participating institutions from 4 continents were included. Overall, aetiological testing was limited (44% for Salmonella spp., 42% for Neorickettsia risticii [only North America], 40% for Clostridiodes difficile, and 29% for ECoV); however, 13% (81/633) of horses tested positive for Salmonella, 13% (35/262) for N. risticii, 9% (37/422) for ECoV, and 5% (27/578) for C. difficile. C. difficile positive cases had greater odds of non‐survival than horses negative for C. difficile (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23–5.91). In addition, horses that were positive for N. risticii had greater odds of developing laminitis than negative horses (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12–6.81; p = 0.029).
Main limitations
Due to the study's retrospective nature, there are missing data.
Conclusions
This study highlighted limited diagnostic investigations in cases of acute equine diarrhoea. Detection rates of pathogens are similar to previous reports. Non‐survival and development of laminitis are related to certain detected pathogens.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine internationale Beschreibung der in verschiedenen Institutionen verwendeten diagnostischen Vorgehensweisen in der Diagnostizierung von akuten Durchfallerkrankungen beim Pferd und der nachgewiesenen Pathogene ist nicht vorhanden.
Ziel der Studie
Die Beschreibung der diagnostischen Vorgehensweise, ätiologischen Erreger, klinischer Ergebnisse und Aufkommen von Hufrehe bei Pferden mit Durchfallerkrankung weltweit.
Studiendesign
Multizentrisch retrospektive Fallserie.
Methodik
Informationen von Pferden mit akuter Durchfallerkrankung, welche bei teilnehmenden Institutionen zwischen 2016 und 2020 vorstellig waren, inklusive diagnostischer Vorgehensweise, identifizierter Pathogene und deren Assoziationen zu klinischen Ergebnissen, wurden zwischen Institutionen und geographischen Regionen verglichen.
Ergebnisse
1438 Pferde von 26 teilnehmenden Institutionen aus vier Kontinenten wurden erfasst. Ätiologische Tests waren insgesamt eingeschränkt (44% für Salmonella spp., 42% für Neorickettsia risticii (nur Nordamerika), 40% für Clostridiodes difficile, und 29% für ECoV); allerdings testeten 13% (81/633) der Pferde positiv für Salmonella, 13% (35/262) für N. risticii, 9% (37/422) für ECoV, und 5% (27/578) für C. difficile. C. difficile‐positive Fälle wiesen eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit des Nicht‐Überlebens auf als C. difficile‐negative Pferde (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23 – 5.91). Außerdem hatten N. risticii‐positive Pferde eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, Hufrehe zu entwickeln als negativ getestete Pferde (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12 ‐ 6.81; P = 0.029).
Haupteinschränkungen
Durch den retrospektiven Charakter der Studie waren nicht alle Daten für alle Pferde verfügbar.
Schlussfolgerungen
Diese Studie zeigt limitierte diagnostische Untersuchungen bei Fällen von akuter Durchfallerkrankung auf. Erfassungsraten von Pathogenen sind mit vorherigen Berichten vergleichbar. Nicht‐Überleben und Aufkommen von Hufrehe sind mit bestimmten nachgewiesenen Pathogenen assoziiert.</description><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>antimicrobial associated diarrhoea</subject><subject>Clostridiosis</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Diarrhea - diagnosis</subject><subject>Diarrhea - microbiology</subject><subject>Diarrhea - mortality</subject><subject>Diarrhea - veterinary</subject><subject>Etiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Foot Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Foot Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Foot Diseases - mortality</subject><subject>Foot Diseases - veterinary</subject><subject>Hoof and Claw - microbiology</subject><subject>Hoof and Claw - pathology</subject><subject>horse</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - mortality</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Inflammation - veterinary</subject><subject>laminitis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Neorickettsia risticii</subject><subject>North America</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Potomac horse fever</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Salmonella</subject><subject>sand diarrhoea</subject><issn>0425-1644</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1uFDEQhS0EIkNgwQWQJTYgpZPyT_8toxACUSQ2EdtWuad62qPu9mC7J8qOI3APbsVJ8GQGFkgRtXEtvveqXI-x1wJORaoz2q5PhQapn7CFBC0zpaB4yhapzTNRaH3EXoSwBlBKavmcHamyrrTK8wX7-cHianIh2pbjZuMdtj2FE44UrRvcyrY4cFzRFAPHacljT9ZzDMG1FhMyBX5nY89D73z89f1HJD_yMPut3e6ESTHgaCcbbeB24okKdJBgO0fiS4ve946Q43K0MVKa4binjrxPDnZKq8X5YdJL9qzDIdCrw3vMbj9e3l58ym6-XH2-OL_JWi2Fzgoj0Iiu1F0HXZVrQ1DUpstBQAcmJ8ir0tQIZStqQ8ogYpHXBQlZCgOFOmbv9rbpGt9mCrEZbWhpGHAiN4dGiVyVspJl9V9UVrWUpQTYoW__Qddu9lP6R6OgBtCJhES931OtdyGkKzQbb0f0942AZpd1k7JuHrJO7JuD42xGWv4l_4SbgLM9cGcHun_cqbn8er23_A0XIrfT</recordid><startdate>202409</startdate><enddate>202409</enddate><creator>Gomez, Diego E.</creator><creator>Arroyo, Luis G.</creator><creator>Schoster, Angelika</creator><creator>Renaud, David L.</creator><creator>Kopper, Jamie J.</creator><creator>Dunkel, Bettina</creator><creator>Byrne, David</creator><creator>Toribio, Ramiro E.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-2144</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7495-4868</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-6439</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2162-6550</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9063-540X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6007-5413</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-9133</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202409</creationdate><title>Diagnostic approaches, aetiological agents and their associations with short‐term survival and laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions</title><author>Gomez, Diego E. ; Arroyo, Luis G. ; Schoster, Angelika ; Renaud, David L. ; Kopper, Jamie J. ; Dunkel, Bettina ; Byrne, David ; Toribio, Ramiro E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4214-6b1ab1f74ff0f854be069bf5010f0b5e0587b9a07c19be3baaa6596e1271b063</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acute Disease</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>antimicrobial associated diarrhoea</topic><topic>Clostridiosis</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Diarrhea - diagnosis</topic><topic>Diarrhea - microbiology</topic><topic>Diarrhea - mortality</topic><topic>Diarrhea - veterinary</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Foot Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Foot Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Foot Diseases - mortality</topic><topic>Foot Diseases - veterinary</topic><topic>Hoof and Claw - microbiology</topic><topic>Hoof and Claw - pathology</topic><topic>horse</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - mortality</topic><topic>Horses</topic><topic>Inflammation - veterinary</topic><topic>laminitis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Neorickettsia risticii</topic><topic>North America</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Potomac horse fever</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Salmonella</topic><topic>sand diarrhoea</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gomez, Diego E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arroyo, Luis G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schoster, Angelika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Renaud, David L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kopper, Jamie J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dunkel, Bettina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byrne, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toribio, Ramiro E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MEDS group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>The MEDS group</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Equine veterinary journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gomez, Diego E.</au><au>Arroyo, Luis G.</au><au>Schoster, Angelika</au><au>Renaud, David L.</au><au>Kopper, Jamie J.</au><au>Dunkel, Bettina</au><au>Byrne, David</au><au>Toribio, Ramiro E.</au><aucorp>MEDS group</aucorp><aucorp>The MEDS group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Diagnostic approaches, aetiological agents and their associations with short‐term survival and laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions</atitle><jtitle>Equine veterinary journal</jtitle><addtitle>Equine Vet J</addtitle><date>2024-09</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>959</spage><epage>969</epage><pages>959-969</pages><issn>0425-1644</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><eissn>2042-3306</eissn><abstract>Background
An international description of the diagnostic approaches used in different institutions to diagnose acute equine diarrhoea and the pathogens detected is lacking.
Objectives
To describe the diagnostic approach, aetiological agents, outcome, and development of laminitis for diarrhoeic horses worldwide.
Study design
Multicentre retrospective case series.
Methods
Information from horses with acute diarrhoea presenting to participating institutions between 2016 and 2020, including diagnostic approaches, pathogens detected and their associations with outcomes, were compared between institutions or geographic regions.
Results
One thousand four hundred and thirty‐eight horses from 26 participating institutions from 4 continents were included. Overall, aetiological testing was limited (44% for Salmonella spp., 42% for Neorickettsia risticii [only North America], 40% for Clostridiodes difficile, and 29% for ECoV); however, 13% (81/633) of horses tested positive for Salmonella, 13% (35/262) for N. risticii, 9% (37/422) for ECoV, and 5% (27/578) for C. difficile. C. difficile positive cases had greater odds of non‐survival than horses negative for C. difficile (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23–5.91). In addition, horses that were positive for N. risticii had greater odds of developing laminitis than negative horses (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12–6.81; p = 0.029).
Main limitations
Due to the study's retrospective nature, there are missing data.
Conclusions
This study highlighted limited diagnostic investigations in cases of acute equine diarrhoea. Detection rates of pathogens are similar to previous reports. Non‐survival and development of laminitis are related to certain detected pathogens.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine internationale Beschreibung der in verschiedenen Institutionen verwendeten diagnostischen Vorgehensweisen in der Diagnostizierung von akuten Durchfallerkrankungen beim Pferd und der nachgewiesenen Pathogene ist nicht vorhanden.
Ziel der Studie
Die Beschreibung der diagnostischen Vorgehensweise, ätiologischen Erreger, klinischer Ergebnisse und Aufkommen von Hufrehe bei Pferden mit Durchfallerkrankung weltweit.
Studiendesign
Multizentrisch retrospektive Fallserie.
Methodik
Informationen von Pferden mit akuter Durchfallerkrankung, welche bei teilnehmenden Institutionen zwischen 2016 und 2020 vorstellig waren, inklusive diagnostischer Vorgehensweise, identifizierter Pathogene und deren Assoziationen zu klinischen Ergebnissen, wurden zwischen Institutionen und geographischen Regionen verglichen.
Ergebnisse
1438 Pferde von 26 teilnehmenden Institutionen aus vier Kontinenten wurden erfasst. Ätiologische Tests waren insgesamt eingeschränkt (44% für Salmonella spp., 42% für Neorickettsia risticii (nur Nordamerika), 40% für Clostridiodes difficile, und 29% für ECoV); allerdings testeten 13% (81/633) der Pferde positiv für Salmonella, 13% (35/262) für N. risticii, 9% (37/422) für ECoV, und 5% (27/578) für C. difficile. C. difficile‐positive Fälle wiesen eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit des Nicht‐Überlebens auf als C. difficile‐negative Pferde (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.23 – 5.91). Außerdem hatten N. risticii‐positive Pferde eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, Hufrehe zu entwickeln als negativ getestete Pferde (OR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.12 ‐ 6.81; P = 0.029).
Haupteinschränkungen
Durch den retrospektiven Charakter der Studie waren nicht alle Daten für alle Pferde verfügbar.
Schlussfolgerungen
Diese Studie zeigt limitierte diagnostische Untersuchungen bei Fällen von akuter Durchfallerkrankung auf. Erfassungsraten von Pathogenen sind mit vorherigen Berichten vergleichbar. Nicht‐Überleben und Aufkommen von Hufrehe sind mit bestimmten nachgewiesenen Pathogenen assoziiert.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>37984355</pmid><doi>10.1111/evj.14024</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-2144</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7495-4868</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-6439</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2162-6550</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9063-540X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6007-5413</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-9133</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0425-1644 |
| ispartof | Equine veterinary journal, 2024-09, Vol.56 (5), p.959-969 |
| issn | 0425-1644 2042-3306 2042-3306 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3153728278 |
| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Acute Disease Animals antimicrobial associated diarrhoea Clostridiosis Diarrhea Diarrhea - diagnosis Diarrhea - microbiology Diarrhea - mortality Diarrhea - veterinary Etiology Female Foot Diseases - diagnosis Foot Diseases - microbiology Foot Diseases - mortality Foot Diseases - veterinary Hoof and Claw - microbiology Hoof and Claw - pathology horse Horse Diseases - diagnosis Horse Diseases - microbiology Horse Diseases - mortality Horses Inflammation - veterinary laminitis Male Neorickettsia risticii North America Pathogens Potomac horse fever Retrospective Studies Salmonella sand diarrhoea |
| title | Diagnostic approaches, aetiological agents and their associations with short‐term survival and laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea admitted to referral institutions |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-30T10%3A55%3A54IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Diagnostic%20approaches,%20aetiological%20agents%20and%20their%20associations%20with%20short%E2%80%90term%20survival%20and%20laminitis%20in%20horses%20with%20acute%20diarrhoea%20admitted%20to%20referral%20institutions&rft.jtitle=Equine%20veterinary%20journal&rft.au=Gomez,%20Diego%20E.&rft.aucorp=MEDS%20group&rft.date=2024-09&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=959&rft.epage=969&rft.pages=959-969&rft.issn=0425-1644&rft.eissn=2042-3306&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/evj.14024&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2892272008%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3090049220&rft_id=info:pmid/37984355&rfr_iscdi=true |